3 * GNU social - a federating social network
5 * Abstraction for media files
7 * LICENCE: This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
18 * along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
22 * @author Robin Millette <robin@millette.info>
23 * @author Miguel Dantas <biodantas@gmail.com>
24 * @author Zach Copley <zach@status.net>
25 * @author Mikael Nordfeldth <mmn@hethane.se>
26 * @copyright 2008-2009, 2019 Free Software Foundation http://fsf.org
27 * @license http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/agpl-3.0.html GNU Affero General Public License version 3.0
28 * @link https://www.gnu.org/software/social/
31 if (!defined('GNUSOCIAL')) { exit(1); }
35 * Class responsible for abstracting media files
40 public $filepath = null;
41 public $filename = null;
42 public $fileRecord = null;
43 public $fileurl = null;
44 public $short_fileurl = null;
45 public $mimetype = null;
48 * @param string $filepath The path of the file this media refers to. Required
49 * @param string $mimetype The mimetype of the file. Required
50 * @param $filehash The hash of the file, if known. Optional
51 * @param int|null $id The DB id of the file. Int if known, null if not.
52 * If null, it searches for it. If -1, it skips all DB
53 * interactions (useful for temporary objects)
54 * @throws ClientException
55 * @throws NoResultException
56 * @throws ServerException
58 public function __construct(string $filepath, string $mimetype, $filehash = null, $id = null)
60 $this->filepath = $filepath;
61 $this->filename = basename($this->filepath);
62 $this->mimetype = $mimetype;
63 $this->filehash = self::getHashOfFile($this->filepath, $filehash);
66 // If id is -1, it means we're dealing with a temporary object and don't want to store it in the DB,
68 if ($this->id !== -1) {
69 if (!empty($this->id)) {
70 // If we have an id, load it
71 $this->fileRecord = new File();
72 $this->fileRecord->id = $this->id;
73 if (!$this->fileRecord->find(true)) {
74 // If we have set an ID, we need that ID to exist!
75 throw new NoResultException($this->fileRecord);
78 // Otherwise, store it
79 $this->fileRecord = $this->storeFile();
82 $this->fileurl = common_local_url(
84 array('attachment' => $this->fileRecord->id)
87 $this->maybeAddRedir($this->fileRecord->id, $this->fileurl);
88 $this->short_fileurl = common_shorten_url($this->fileurl);
89 $this->maybeAddRedir($this->fileRecord->id, $this->short_fileurl);
93 public function attachToNotice(Notice $notice)
95 File_to_post::processNew($this->fileRecord, $notice);
98 public function getPath()
100 return File::path($this->filename);
105 return $this->short_fileurl;
108 function getEnclosure()
110 return $this->getFile()->getEnclosure();
115 @unlink($this->filepath);
118 public function getFile()
120 if (!$this->fileRecord instanceof File) {
121 throw new ServerException('File record did not exist for MediaFile');
124 return $this->fileRecord;
128 * Calculate the hash of a file.
130 * This won't work for files >2GiB because PHP uses only 32bit.
131 * @param string $filepath
132 * @param string|null $filehash
134 * @throws ServerException
136 public static function getHashOfFile(string $filepath, $filehash = null)
138 assert(!empty($filepath), __METHOD__ . ": filepath cannot be null");
139 if ($filehash === null) {
140 // Calculate if we have an older upload method somewhere (Qvitter) that
141 // doesn't do this before calling new MediaFile on its local files...
142 $filehash = hash_file(File::FILEHASH_ALG, $filepath);
143 if ($filehash === false) {
144 throw new ServerException('Could not read file for hashing');
151 * Retrieve or insert as a file in the DB
153 * @return object File
154 * @throws ClientException
155 * @throws ServerException
157 protected function storeFile()
160 $file = File::getByHash($this->filehash);
161 // We're done here. Yes. Already. We assume sha256 won't collide on us anytime soon.
163 } catch (NoResultException $e) {
164 // Well, let's just continue below.
167 $fileurl = File::url($this->filename);
171 $file->filename = $this->filename;
172 $file->urlhash = File::hashurl($fileurl);
173 $file->url = $fileurl;
174 $file->filehash = $this->filehash;
175 $file->size = filesize($this->filepath);
176 if ($file->size === false) {
177 throw new ServerException('Could not read file to get its size');
179 $file->date = time();
180 $file->mimetype = $this->mimetype;
182 $file_id = $file->insert();
184 if ($file_id===false) {
185 common_log_db_error($file, "INSERT", __FILE__);
186 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a database error was thrown during a file upload operation.
187 throw new ClientException(_('There was a database error while saving your file. Please try again.'));
190 // Set file geometrical properties if available
192 $image = ImageFile::fromFileObject($file);
193 $orig = clone($file);
194 $file->width = $image->width;
195 $file->height = $image->height;
196 $file->update($orig);
198 // We have to cleanup after ImageFile, since it
199 // may have generated a temporary file from a
200 // video support plugin or something.
201 // FIXME: Do this more automagically.
202 if ($image->getPath() != $file->getPath()) {
205 } catch (ServerException $e) {
206 // We just couldn't make out an image from the file. This
207 // does not have to be UnsupportedMediaException, as we can
208 // also get ServerException from files not existing etc.
214 function rememberFile($file, $short)
216 $this->maybeAddRedir($file->id, $short);
220 * Adds Redir if needed.
224 * @return bool false if no need to add, true if added
225 * @throws ClientException If failed adding
227 public function maybeAddRedir($file_id, $url)
230 File_redirection::getByUrl($url);
232 } catch (NoResultException $e) {
233 $file_redir = new File_redirection;
234 $file_redir->urlhash = File::hashurl($url);
235 $file_redir->url = $url;
236 $file_redir->file_id = $file_id;
238 $result = $file_redir->insert();
240 if ($result===false) {
241 common_log_db_error($file_redir, "INSERT", __FILE__);
242 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a database error was thrown during a file upload operation.
243 throw new ClientException(_('There was a database error while saving your file. Please try again.'));
250 * The maximum allowed file size, as a string
252 static function maxFileSize()
254 $value = self::maxFileSizeInt();
255 if ($value > 1024 * 1024) {
256 $value = $value/(1024*1024);
257 // TRANS: Number of megabytes. %d is the number.
258 return sprintf(_m('%dMB','%dMB',$value),$value);
259 } else if ($value > 1024) {
260 $value = $value/1024;
261 // TRANS: Number of kilobytes. %d is the number.
262 return sprintf(_m('%dkB','%dkB',$value),$value);
264 // TRANS: Number of bytes. %d is the number.
265 return sprintf(_m('%dB','%dB',$value),$value);
270 * The maximum allowed file size, as an int
272 static function maxFileSizeInt()
274 return min(self::sizeStrToInt(ini_get('post_max_size')),
275 self::sizeStrToInt(ini_get('upload_max_filesize')),
276 self::sizeStrToInt(ini_get('memory_limit')));
280 * Convert a string representing a file size (with units), to an int
282 * @return bool|int|string
284 public static function sizeStrToInt($str)
286 $unit = substr($str, -1);
287 $num = substr($str, 0, -1);
288 switch(strtoupper($unit)){
300 * Create a new MediaFile or ImageFile object from an upload
302 * Tries to set the mimetype correctly, using the most secure method available and rejects the file otherwise.
303 * In case the upload is an image, this function returns an new ImageFile (which extends MediaFile)
304 * @param string $param
305 * @param Profile|null $scoped
306 * @return ImageFile|MediaFile
307 * @throws ClientException
308 * @throws NoResultException
309 * @throws NoUploadedMediaException
310 * @throws ServerException
311 * @throws UnsupportedMediaException
312 * @throws UseFileAsThumbnailException
314 public static function fromUpload(string $param='media', Profile $scoped=null)
316 // The existence of the "error" element means PHP has processed it properly even if it was ok.
317 if (!isset($_FILES[$param]) || !isset($_FILES[$param]['error'])) {
318 throw new NoUploadedMediaException($param);
321 switch ($_FILES[$param]['error']) {
322 case UPLOAD_ERR_OK: // success, jump out
324 case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
325 case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
326 // TRANS: Exception thrown when too large a file is uploaded.
327 // TRANS: %s is the maximum file size, for example "500b", "10kB" or "2MB".
328 throw new ClientException(sprintf(_('That file is too big. The maximum file size is %s.'),
329 self::maxFileSize()));
330 case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
331 @unlink($_FILES[$param]['tmp_name']);
332 // TRANS: Client exception.
333 throw new ClientException(_('The uploaded file was only partially uploaded.'));
334 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
335 // No file; probably just a non-AJAX submission.
336 throw new NoUploadedMediaException($param);
337 case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
338 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a temporary folder is not present to store a file upload.
339 throw new ClientException(_('Missing a temporary folder.'));
340 case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
341 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when writing to disk is not possible during a file upload operation.
342 throw new ClientException(_('Failed to write file to disk.'));
343 case UPLOAD_ERR_EXTENSION:
344 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a file upload operation has been stopped by an extension.
345 throw new ClientException(_('File upload stopped by extension.'));
347 common_log(LOG_ERR, __METHOD__ . ": Unknown upload error " . $_FILES[$param]['error']);
348 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a file upload operation has failed with an unknown reason.
349 throw new ClientException(_('System error uploading file.'));
352 $filehash = strtolower(self::getHashOfFile($_FILES[$param]['tmp_name']));
355 $file = File::getByHash($filehash);
356 // If no exception is thrown the file exists locally, so we'll use that and just add redirections.
357 // but if the _actual_ locally stored file doesn't exist, getPath will throw FileNotFoundException
358 $filepath = $file->getPath();
359 $mimetype = $file->mimetype;
360 // XXX PHP: Upgrade to PHP 7.1
361 // catch (FileNotFoundException | NoResultException $e)
362 } catch (Exception $e) {
363 // We have to save the upload as a new local file. This is the normal course of action.
364 if ($scoped instanceof Profile) {
365 // Throws exception if additional size does not respect quota
366 // This test is only needed, of course, if we're uploading something new.
367 File::respectsQuota($scoped, $_FILES[$param]['size']);
370 $mimetype = self::getUploadedMimeType($_FILES[$param]['tmp_name'], $_FILES[$param]['name']);
371 $media = common_get_mime_media($mimetype);
373 $basename = basename($_FILES[$param]['name']);
374 $filename = $filehash . '.' . File::guessMimeExtension($mimetype, $basename);
375 $filepath = File::path($filename);
376 $result = move_uploaded_file($_FILES[$param]['tmp_name'], $filepath);
379 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a file upload operation fails because the file could
380 // TRANS: not be moved from the temporary folder to the permanent file location.
382 throw new ClientException(_('File could not be moved to destination directory.'));
385 if ($media === 'image') {
386 // Use -1 for the id to avoid adding this temporary file to the DB
387 $img = new ImageFile(-1, $filepath);
388 // Validate the image by reencoding it. Additionally normalizes old formats to PNG,
389 // keeping JPEG and GIF untouched
390 $outpath = $img->resizeTo($img->filepath);
391 $ext = image_type_to_extension($img->preferredType());
392 $filename = $filehash . $ext;
393 $filepath = File::path($filename);
394 $result = rename($outpath, $filepath);
395 return new ImageFile(null, $filepath);
398 return new MediaFile($filepath, $mimetype, $filehash);
401 static function fromFilehandle($fh, Profile $scoped=null) {
402 $stream = stream_get_meta_data($fh);
403 // So far we're only handling filehandles originating from tmpfile(),
404 // so we can always do hash_file on $stream['uri'] as far as I can tell!
405 $filehash = hash_file(File::FILEHASH_ALG, $stream['uri']);
408 $file = File::getByHash($filehash);
409 // Already have it, so let's reuse the locally stored File
410 // by using getPath we also check whether the file exists
411 // and throw a FileNotFoundException with the path if it doesn't.
412 $filename = basename($file->getPath());
413 $mimetype = $file->mimetype;
414 } catch (FileNotFoundException $e) {
415 // This happens if the file we have uploaded has disappeared
416 // from the local filesystem for some reason. Since we got the
417 // File object from a sha256 check in fromFilehandle, it's safe
418 // to just copy the uploaded data to disk!
420 fseek($fh, 0); // just to be sure, go to the beginning
421 // dump the contents of our filehandle to the path from our exception
422 // and report error if it failed.
423 if (false === file_put_contents($e->path, fread($fh, filesize($stream['uri'])))) {
424 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a file upload operation fails because the file could
425 // TRANS: not be moved from the temporary folder to the permanent file location.
426 throw new ClientException(_('File could not be moved to destination directory.'));
428 if (!chmod($e->path, 0664)) {
429 common_log(LOG_ERR, 'Could not chmod uploaded file: '._ve($e->path));
432 $filename = basename($file->getPath());
433 $mimetype = $file->mimetype;
435 } catch (NoResultException $e) {
436 if ($scoped instanceof Profile) {
437 File::respectsQuota($scoped, filesize($stream['uri']));
440 $mimetype = self::getUploadedMimeType($stream['uri']);
442 $filename = strtolower($filehash) . '.' . File::guessMimeExtension($mimetype);
443 $filepath = File::path($filename);
445 $result = copy($stream['uri'], $filepath) && chmod($filepath, 0664);
448 common_log(LOG_ERR, 'File could not be moved (or chmodded) from '._ve($stream['uri']) . ' to ' . _ve($filepath));
449 // TRANS: Client exception thrown when a file upload operation fails because the file could
450 // TRANS: not be moved from the temporary folder to the permanent file location.
451 throw new ClientException(_('File could not be moved to destination directory.' ));
455 return new MediaFile($filename, $mimetype, $filehash);
459 * Attempt to identify the content type of a given file.
461 * @param string $filepath filesystem path as string (file must exist)
462 * @param bool $originalFilename (optional) for extension-based detection
465 * @throws ClientException if type is known, but not supported for local uploads
466 * @throws ServerException
467 * @fixme this seems to tie a front-end error message in, kinda confusing
470 static function getUploadedMimeType(string $filepath, $originalFilename=false) {
471 // We only accept filenames to existing files
476 // We'll need this to validate the MIME info string (e.g. text/plain; charset=us-ascii)
477 $regexp = '/^([a-z\-]+\/[a-z0-9\-\.\+]+)(;\s.+)?$/';
479 * Fileinfo extension - most reliable method
481 * Apparently XAMPP, CentOS, cPanel and who knows what
482 * other PHP distribution channels EXPLICITLY DISABLE
483 * ext/fileinfo, which is otherwise enabled by default
486 if (function_exists('finfo_file'))
488 $finfo = @finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME);
489 // It is possible that a FALSE value is returned, if there is no magic MIME database
490 // file found on the system
491 if (is_resource($finfo))
493 $mime = @finfo_file($finfo, $filepath);
495 /* According to the comments section of the PHP manual page,
496 * it is possible that this function returns an empty string
497 * for some files (e.g. if they don't exist in the magic MIME database)
499 if (is_string($mime) && preg_match($regexp, $mime, $matches))
501 $mimetype = $matches[1];
505 /* This is an ugly hack, but UNIX-type systems provide a "native" way to detect the file type,
506 * which is still more secure than depending on the value of $_FILES[$field]['type'], and as it
507 * was reported in issue #750 (https://github.com/EllisLab/CodeIgniter/issues/750) - it's better
508 * than mime_content_type() as well, hence the attempts to try calling the command line with
509 * three different functions.
512 * - the DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR comparison ensures that we're not on a Windows system
513 * - many system admins would disable the exec(), shell_exec(), popen() and similar functions
514 * due to security concerns, hence the function_usable() checks
516 if (DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR !== '\\') {
517 $cmd = 'file --brief --mime '.escapeshellarg($filepath).' 2>&1';
518 if (function_exists('exec')) {
519 /* This might look confusing, as $mime is being populated with all of the output
520 * when set in the second parameter. However, we only need the last line, which is
521 * the actual return value of exec(), and as such - it overwrites anything that could
522 * already be set for $mime previously. This effectively makes the second parameter a
523 * dummy value, which is only put to allow us to get the return status code.
525 $mime = @exec($cmd, $mime, $return_status);
526 if ($return_status === 0 && is_string($mime) && preg_match($regexp, $mime, $matches)) {
527 $mimetype = $matches[1];
530 if (function_exists('shell_exec')) {
531 $mime = @shell_exec($cmd);
532 if (strlen($mime) > 0) {
533 $mime = explode("\n", trim($mime));
534 if (preg_match($regexp, $mime[(count($mime) - 1)], $matches)) {
535 $mimetype = $matches[1];
539 if (function_exists('popen')) {
540 $proc = @popen($cmd, 'r');
541 if (is_resource($proc)) {
542 $mime = @fread($proc, 512);
544 if ($mime !== false) {
545 $mime = explode("\n", trim($mime));
546 if (preg_match($regexp, $mime[(count($mime) - 1)], $matches)) {
547 $mimetype = $matches[1];
553 // Fall back to mime_content_type(), if available (still better than $_FILES[$field]['type'])
554 if (function_exists('mime_content_type'))
556 $mimetype = @mime_content_type($filepath);
557 // It's possible that mime_content_type() returns FALSE or an empty string
558 if ($mimetype == false && strlen($mimetype) > 0)
560 throw new ServerException(_m('Could not determine file\'s MIME type.'));
564 // Unclear types are such that we can't really tell by the auto
565 // detect what they are (.bin, .exe etc. are just "octet-stream")
566 $unclearTypes = array('application/octet-stream',
567 'application/vnd.ms-office',
570 'text/html', // Ironically, Wikimedia Commons' SVG_logo.svg is identified as text/html
571 // TODO: for XML we could do better content-based sniffing too
574 $supported = common_config('attachments', 'supported');
576 // If we didn't match, or it is an unclear match
577 if ($originalFilename && (!$mimetype || in_array($mimetype, $unclearTypes))) {
579 $type = common_supported_filename_to_mime($originalFilename);
581 } catch (UnknownExtensionMimeException $e) {
582 // FIXME: I think we should keep the file extension here (supported should be === true here)
583 } catch (Exception $e) {
584 // Extension parsed but no connected mimetype, so $mimetype is our best guess
588 // If $config['attachments']['supported'] equals boolean true, accept any mimetype
589 if ($supported === true || array_key_exists($mimetype, $supported)) {
590 // FIXME: Don't know if it always has a mimetype here because
591 // finfo->file CAN return false on error: http://php.net/finfo_file
592 // so if $supported === true, this may return something unexpected.
596 // We can conclude that we have failed to get the MIME type
597 $media = common_get_mime_media($mimetype);
598 if ('application' !== $media) {
599 // TRANS: Client exception thrown trying to upload a forbidden MIME type.
600 // TRANS: %1$s is the file type that was denied, %2$s is the application part of
601 // TRANS: the MIME type that was denied.
602 $hint = sprintf(_('"%1$s" is not a supported file type on this server. ' .
603 'Try using another %2$s format.'), $mimetype, $media);
605 // TRANS: Client exception thrown trying to upload a forbidden MIME type.
606 // TRANS: %s is the file type that was denied.
607 $hint = sprintf(_('"%s" is not a supported file type on this server.'), $mimetype);
609 throw new ClientException($hint);