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1 // mat.cxx -- class to handle material properties
2 //
3 // Written by Curtis Olson, started May 1998.
4 //
5 // Copyright (C) 1998 - 2000  Curtis L. Olson  - http://www.flightgear.org/~curt
6 //
7 // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 // modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
9 // published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
10 // License, or (at your option) any later version.
11 //
12 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
13 // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
15 // General Public License for more details.
16 //
17 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18 // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19 // Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
20 //
21 // $Id$
22
23
24 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
25 #  include <simgear_config.h>
26 #endif
27
28 #include <simgear/compiler.h>
29
30 #include <string.h>
31 #include <map>
32 #include <vector>
33 #include <string>
34
35 #include <boost/foreach.hpp>
36 #include "mat.hxx"
37
38 #include <osg/CullFace>
39 #include <osg/Material>
40 #include <osg/ShadeModel>
41 #include <osg/StateSet>
42 #include <osg/TexEnv>
43 #include <osg/Texture>
44 #include <osg/Texture2D>
45 #include <osgDB/ReaderWriter>
46 #include <osgDB/ReadFile>
47 #include <osgDB/Registry>
48 #include <osgDB/FileUtils>
49
50 #include <simgear/debug/logstream.hxx>
51 #include <simgear/misc/sg_path.hxx>
52 #include <simgear/misc/sgstream.hxx>
53 #include <simgear/threads/SGGuard.hxx>
54
55 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGReaderWriterOptions.hxx>
56 #include <simgear/props/props_io.hxx>
57 #include <simgear/props/vectorPropTemplates.hxx>
58 #include <simgear/scene/model/model.hxx>
59 #include <simgear/scene/material/matmodel.hxx>
60 #include <simgear/scene/util/RenderConstants.hxx>
61 #include <simgear/scene/util/StateAttributeFactory.hxx>
62 #include <simgear/props/condition.hxx>
63 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGSceneFeatures.hxx>
64 #include <simgear/scene/tgdb/SGTexturedTriangleBin.hxx>
65
66 #include "Effect.hxx"
67 #include "Technique.hxx"
68 #include "Pass.hxx"
69
70 using std::map;
71 using namespace simgear;
72
73 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
74 // Constructors and destructor.
75 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
76
77 SGMaterial::_internal_state::_internal_state(Effect *e, bool l,
78                                              const SGReaderWriterOptions* o)
79     : effect(e), effect_realized(l), options(o)
80 {
81 }
82
83 SGMaterial::_internal_state::_internal_state( Effect *e,
84                                               const std::string &t,
85                                               bool l,
86                                               const SGReaderWriterOptions* o )
87     : effect(e), effect_realized(l), options(o)
88 {
89     texture_paths.push_back(std::make_pair(t,0));
90 }
91
92 void SGMaterial::_internal_state::add_texture(const std::string &t, int i)
93 {
94     texture_paths.push_back(std::make_pair(t,i));
95 }
96
97 SGMaterial::SGMaterial( const SGReaderWriterOptions* options,
98                         const SGPropertyNode *props,
99                         SGPropertyNode *prop_root,
100                         AreaList *a,
101                                                 SGSharedPtr<const SGCondition> c)
102 {
103     init();
104     areas = a;
105     condition = c;
106     read_properties( options, props, prop_root );
107     buildEffectProperties(options);
108 }
109
110 SGMaterial::SGMaterial( const osgDB::Options* options,
111                         const SGPropertyNode *props, 
112                         SGPropertyNode *prop_root,
113                         AreaList *a,
114                         SGSharedPtr<const SGCondition> c)
115 {
116     osg::ref_ptr<SGReaderWriterOptions> opt;
117     opt = SGReaderWriterOptions::copyOrCreate(options);
118     areas = a;
119     condition = c;
120     init();
121     read_properties(opt.get(), props, prop_root);
122     buildEffectProperties(opt.get());
123 }
124
125 SGMaterial::~SGMaterial (void)
126 {
127 }
128
129 \f
130 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
131 // Public methods.
132 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
133
134 void
135 SGMaterial::read_properties(const SGReaderWriterOptions* options,
136                             const SGPropertyNode *props,
137                             SGPropertyNode *prop_root)
138 {
139     std::vector<bool> dds;
140     std::vector<SGPropertyNode_ptr> textures = props->getChildren("texture");
141     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < textures.size(); i++)
142     {
143         std::string tname = textures[i]->getStringValue();
144
145         if (tname.empty()) {
146             tname = "unknown.rgb";
147         }
148
149         SGPath tpath("Textures");
150         tpath.append(tname);
151         std::string fullTexPath = SGModelLib::findDataFile(tpath.str(), options);
152         if (fullTexPath.empty()) {
153             SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_ALERT, "Cannot find texture \""
154                     << tname << "\" in Textures folders.");
155         }
156
157         if (tpath.lower_extension() == "dds") {
158             dds.push_back(true);
159         } else {
160             dds.push_back(false);
161         }
162
163         if (!fullTexPath.empty() ) {
164             _internal_state st( NULL, fullTexPath, false, options );
165             _status.push_back( st );
166         }
167     }
168
169     std::vector<SGPropertyNode_ptr> texturesets = props->getChildren("texture-set");
170     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < texturesets.size(); i++)
171     {
172         _internal_state st( NULL, false, options );
173         std::vector<SGPropertyNode_ptr> textures = texturesets[i]->getChildren("texture");
174         for (unsigned int j = 0; j < textures.size(); j++)
175         {
176             std::string tname = textures[j]->getStringValue();
177             if (tname.empty()) {
178                 tname = "unknown.rgb";
179             }
180
181             SGPath tpath("Textures");
182             tpath.append(tname);
183             std::string fullTexPath = SGModelLib::findDataFile(tpath.str(), options);
184             if (fullTexPath.empty()) {
185                 SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_ALERT, "Cannot find texture \""
186                         << tname << "\" in Textures folders.");
187             }
188
189             if (j == 0) {
190                 if (tpath.lower_extension() == "dds") {
191                     dds.push_back(true);
192                 } else {
193                     dds.push_back(false);
194                 }
195             }
196
197             st.add_texture(fullTexPath, textures[j]->getIndex());
198         }
199
200         if (!st.texture_paths.empty() ) {
201             _status.push_back( st );
202         }
203     }
204
205     if (textures.empty() && texturesets.empty()) {
206         SGPath tpath("Textures");
207         tpath.append("Terrain");
208         tpath.append("unknown.rgb");
209         _internal_state st( NULL, tpath.str(), true, options );
210         _status.push_back( st );
211     }
212     
213     std::vector<SGPropertyNode_ptr> masks = props->getChildren("object-mask");
214     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < masks.size(); i++)
215     {
216         std::string omname = masks[i]->getStringValue();
217
218         if (! omname.empty()) {
219             SGPath ompath("Textures");
220             ompath.append(omname);
221             std::string fullMaskPath = SGModelLib::findDataFile(ompath.str(), options);
222
223             if (fullMaskPath.empty()) {
224                 SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_ALERT, "Cannot find texture \""
225                         << omname << "\" in Textures folders.");
226             }
227             else
228             {
229                 osg::Image* image = osgDB::readImageFile(fullMaskPath, options);
230                 if (image && image->valid())
231                 {
232                     Texture2DRef object_mask = new osg::Texture2D;
233
234                     bool dds_mask = (ompath.lower_extension() == "dds");
235
236                     if (i < dds.size() && dds[i] != dds_mask) {
237                         // Texture format does not match mask format. This is relevant for
238                         // the object mask, as DDS textures have an origin at the bottom
239                         // left rather than top left. Therefore we flip a copy of the image
240                         // (otherwise a second reference to the object mask would flip it
241                         // back!).                
242                         SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_DEBUG, "Flipping object mask" << omname);  
243                         image = (osg::Image* ) image->clone(osg::CopyOp::SHALLOW_COPY);
244                         image->flipVertical();
245                     }
246
247                     object_mask->setImage(image);
248
249                     // We force the filtering to be nearest, as the red channel (rotation)
250                     // in particular, doesn't make sense to be interpolated between pixels.
251                     object_mask->setFilter(osg::Texture::MIN_FILTER, osg::Texture::NEAREST);
252                     object_mask->setFilter(osg::Texture::MAG_FILTER, osg::Texture::NEAREST);
253
254                     object_mask->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
255                     object_mask->setWrap(osg::Texture::WRAP_S, osg::Texture::REPEAT);
256                     object_mask->setWrap(osg::Texture::WRAP_T, osg::Texture::REPEAT);
257                     _masks.push_back(object_mask);
258                 }
259             }
260         }
261     }
262
263     xsize = props->getDoubleValue("xsize", 0.0);
264     ysize = props->getDoubleValue("ysize", 0.0);
265     wrapu = props->getBoolValue("wrapu", true);
266     wrapv = props->getBoolValue("wrapv", true);
267     mipmap = props->getBoolValue("mipmap", true);
268     light_coverage = props->getDoubleValue("light-coverage", 0.0);
269     
270     // Building properties
271     building_coverage = props->getDoubleValue("building-coverage", 0.0);
272     building_spacing = props->getDoubleValue("building-spacing-m", 5.0);
273     
274     std::string bt = props->getStringValue( "building-texture",
275                                             "Textures/buildings.png" );
276     building_texture = SGModelLib::findDataFile(bt, options);    
277     
278     if (building_texture.empty()) {
279         SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_ALERT, "Cannot find texture \"" << bt);
280     }
281     
282     bt = props->getStringValue("building-lightmap", "Textures/buildings-lightmap.png");
283     building_lightmap = SGModelLib::findDataFile(bt, options);    
284     
285     if (building_lightmap.empty()) {
286         SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_ALERT, "Cannot find texture \"" << bt);
287     }    
288             
289     building_small_ratio = props->getDoubleValue("building-small-ratio", 0.8);
290     building_medium_ratio = props->getDoubleValue("building-medium-ratio", 0.15);
291     building_large_ratio =  props->getDoubleValue("building-large-ratio", 0.05);
292     
293     building_small_pitch =  props->getDoubleValue("building-small-pitch", 0.8);
294     building_medium_pitch =  props->getDoubleValue("building-medium-pitch", 0.2);
295     building_large_pitch =  props->getDoubleValue("building-large-pitch", 0.1);
296
297     building_small_min_floors = props->getIntValue("building-small-min-floors", 1);
298     building_small_max_floors = props->getIntValue("building-small-max-floors", 3);
299     building_medium_min_floors = props->getIntValue("building-medium-min-floors", 3);
300     building_medium_max_floors = props->getIntValue("building-medium-max-floors", 8);
301     building_large_min_floors = props->getIntValue("building-large-min-floors", 5);
302     building_large_max_floors = props->getIntValue("building-large-max-floors", 20);
303     
304     building_small_min_width = props->getFloatValue("building-small-min-width-m", 15.0);
305     building_small_max_width = props->getFloatValue("building-small-max-width-m", 60.0);
306     building_small_min_depth = props->getFloatValue("building-small-min-depth-m", 10.0);
307     building_small_max_depth = props->getFloatValue("building-small-max-depth-m", 20.0);
308     
309     building_medium_min_width = props->getFloatValue("building-medium-min-width-m", 25.0);
310     building_medium_max_width = props->getFloatValue("building-medium-max-width-m", 50.0);
311     building_medium_min_depth = props->getFloatValue("building-medium-min-depth-m", 20.0);
312     building_medium_max_depth = props->getFloatValue("building-medium-max-depth-m", 50.0);
313     
314     building_large_min_width = props->getFloatValue("building-large-min-width-m", 50.0);
315     building_large_max_width = props->getFloatValue("building-large-max-width-m", 75.0);
316     building_large_min_depth = props->getFloatValue("building-large-min-depth-m", 50.0);
317     building_large_max_depth = props->getFloatValue("building-large-max-depth-m", 75.0);
318
319     building_range = props->getDoubleValue("building-range-m", 10000.0);
320     
321     cos_object_max_density_slope_angle  = cos(props->getFloatValue("object-max-density-angle-deg", 20.0) * osg::PI/180.0);
322     cos_object_zero_density_slope_angle = cos(props->getFloatValue("object-zero-density-angle-deg", 30.0) * osg::PI/180.0);
323         
324     // Random vegetation properties
325     wood_coverage = props->getDoubleValue("wood-coverage", 0.0);
326     tree_effect = props->getStringValue("tree-effect", "Effects/tree");
327     tree_height = props->getDoubleValue("tree-height-m", 0.0);
328     tree_width = props->getDoubleValue("tree-width-m", 0.0);
329     tree_range = props->getDoubleValue("tree-range-m", 0.0);
330     tree_varieties = props->getIntValue("tree-varieties", 1);
331     cos_tree_max_density_slope_angle  = cos(props->getFloatValue("tree-max-density-angle-deg", 30.0) * osg::PI/180.0);
332     cos_tree_zero_density_slope_angle = cos(props->getFloatValue("tree-zero-density-angle-deg", 45.0) * osg::PI/180.0);
333
334     const SGPropertyNode* treeTexNode = props->getChild("tree-texture");
335     
336     if (treeTexNode) {
337         std::string treeTexPath = props->getStringValue("tree-texture");
338
339         if (! treeTexPath.empty()) {
340             SGPath treePath("Textures");
341             treePath.append(treeTexPath);
342             tree_texture = SGModelLib::findDataFile(treePath.str(), options);
343
344             if (tree_texture.empty()) {
345                 SG_LOG(SG_GENERAL, SG_ALERT, "Cannot find texture \""
346                         << treeTexPath << "\" in Textures folders.");
347             }
348         }
349     }
350
351     // surface values for use with ground reactions
352     _solid = props->getBoolValue("solid", _solid);
353     _friction_factor = props->getDoubleValue("friction-factor", _friction_factor);
354     _rolling_friction = props->getDoubleValue("rolling-friction", _rolling_friction);
355     _bumpiness = props->getDoubleValue("bumpiness", _bumpiness);
356     _load_resistance = props->getDoubleValue("load-resistance", _load_resistance);
357
358     // Taken from default values as used in ac3d
359     ambient[0] = props->getDoubleValue("ambient/r", 0.2);
360     ambient[1] = props->getDoubleValue("ambient/g", 0.2);
361     ambient[2] = props->getDoubleValue("ambient/b", 0.2);
362     ambient[3] = props->getDoubleValue("ambient/a", 1.0);
363
364     diffuse[0] = props->getDoubleValue("diffuse/r", 0.8);
365     diffuse[1] = props->getDoubleValue("diffuse/g", 0.8);
366     diffuse[2] = props->getDoubleValue("diffuse/b", 0.8);
367     diffuse[3] = props->getDoubleValue("diffuse/a", 1.0);
368
369     specular[0] = props->getDoubleValue("specular/r", 0.0);
370     specular[1] = props->getDoubleValue("specular/g", 0.0);
371     specular[2] = props->getDoubleValue("specular/b", 0.0);
372     specular[3] = props->getDoubleValue("specular/a", 1.0);
373
374     emission[0] = props->getDoubleValue("emissive/r", 0.0);
375     emission[1] = props->getDoubleValue("emissive/g", 0.0);
376     emission[2] = props->getDoubleValue("emissive/b", 0.0);
377     emission[3] = props->getDoubleValue("emissive/a", 1.0);
378
379     shininess = props->getDoubleValue("shininess", 1.0);
380
381     if (props->hasChild("effect"))
382         effect = props->getStringValue("effect");
383
384     std::vector<SGPropertyNode_ptr> object_group_nodes =
385             ((SGPropertyNode *)props)->getChildren("object-group");
386     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < object_group_nodes.size(); i++)
387         object_groups.push_back(new SGMatModelGroup(object_group_nodes[i]));
388
389     // read glyph table for taxi-/runway-signs
390     std::vector<SGPropertyNode_ptr> glyph_nodes = props->getChildren("glyph");
391     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < glyph_nodes.size(); i++) {
392         const char *name = glyph_nodes[i]->getStringValue("name");
393         if (name)
394             glyphs[name] = new SGMaterialGlyph(glyph_nodes[i]);
395     }
396     
397     // Read parameters entry, which is passed into the effect
398     if (props->hasChild("parameters")) {
399         parameters = props->getChild("parameters");
400     } else {
401         parameters = new SGPropertyNode();
402     }
403 }
404
405
406 \f
407 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
408 // Private methods.
409 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
410
411 void 
412 SGMaterial::init ()
413 {
414     _status.clear();
415     xsize = 0;
416     ysize = 0;
417     wrapu = true;
418     wrapv = true;
419
420     mipmap = true;
421     light_coverage = 0.0;
422     building_coverage = 0.0;
423
424     shininess = 1.0;
425     for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
426         ambient[i]  = (i < 3) ? 0.2 : 1.0;
427         specular[i] = (i < 3) ? 0.0 : 1.0;
428         diffuse[i]  = (i < 3) ? 0.8 : 1.0;
429         emission[i] = (i < 3) ? 0.0 : 1.0;
430     }
431     effect = "Effects/terrain-default";
432 }
433
434 Effect* SGMaterial::get_effect(int i)
435 {    
436     if(!_status[i].effect_realized) {
437         if (!_status[i].effect.valid())
438             return 0;
439         _status[i].effect->realizeTechniques(_status[i].options.get());
440         _status[i].effect_realized = true;
441     }
442     return _status[i].effect.get();
443 }
444
445 Effect* SGMaterial::get_one_effect(int texIndex)
446 {
447     SGGuard<SGMutex> g(_lock);
448     if (_status.empty()) {
449         SG_LOG( SG_GENERAL, SG_WARN, "No effect available.");
450         return 0;
451     }
452     
453     int i = texIndex % _status.size();
454     return get_effect(i);
455 }
456
457 Effect* SGMaterial::get_effect()
458 {
459     SGGuard<SGMutex> g(_lock);
460     return get_effect(0);
461 }
462
463
464 osg::Texture2D* SGMaterial::get_one_object_mask(int texIndex)
465 {
466     if (_status.empty()) {
467         SG_LOG( SG_GENERAL, SG_WARN, "No mask available.");
468         return 0;
469     }
470     
471     // Note that the object mask is closely linked to the texture/effect
472     // so we index based on the texture index, 
473     unsigned int i = texIndex % _status.size();
474     if (i < _masks.size()) {
475         return _masks[i].get();
476     } else {
477         return 0;
478     }
479 }
480
481 void SGMaterial::buildEffectProperties(const SGReaderWriterOptions* options)
482 {
483     using namespace osg;
484     ref_ptr<SGMaterialUserData> user = new SGMaterialUserData(this);
485     SGPropertyNode_ptr propRoot = new SGPropertyNode();
486     makeChild(propRoot, "inherits-from")->setStringValue(effect);
487     
488     SGPropertyNode* paramProp = makeChild(propRoot, "parameters");
489     copyProperties(parameters, paramProp);
490     
491     SGPropertyNode* materialProp = makeChild(paramProp, "material");
492     makeChild(materialProp, "ambient")->setValue(SGVec4d(ambient));
493     makeChild(materialProp, "diffuse")->setValue(SGVec4d(diffuse));
494     makeChild(materialProp, "specular")->setValue(SGVec4d(specular));
495     makeChild(materialProp, "emissive")->setValue(SGVec4d(emission));
496     makeChild(materialProp, "shininess")->setFloatValue(shininess);
497     if (ambient[3] < 1 || diffuse[3] < 1 ||
498         specular[3] < 1 || emission[3] < 1) {
499         makeChild(paramProp, "transparent")->setBoolValue(true);
500         SGPropertyNode* binProp = makeChild(paramProp, "render-bin");
501         makeChild(binProp, "bin-number")->setIntValue(TRANSPARENT_BIN);
502         makeChild(binProp, "bin-name")->setStringValue("DepthSortedBin");
503     }
504     BOOST_FOREACH(_internal_state& matState, _status)
505     {
506         SGPropertyNode_ptr effectProp = new SGPropertyNode();
507         copyProperties(propRoot, effectProp);
508         SGPropertyNode* effectParamProp = effectProp->getChild("parameters", 0);
509         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < matState.texture_paths.size(); i++) {
510             SGPropertyNode* texProp = makeChild(effectParamProp, "texture", matState.texture_paths[i].second);
511             makeChild(texProp, "image")->setStringValue(matState.texture_paths[i].first);
512             makeChild(texProp, "filter")
513                 ->setStringValue(mipmap ? "linear-mipmap-linear" : "nearest");
514             makeChild(texProp, "wrap-s")
515                 ->setStringValue(wrapu ? "repeat" : "clamp-to-edge");
516             makeChild(texProp, "wrap-t")
517                 ->setStringValue(wrapv ? "repeat" : "clamp-to-edge");
518         }
519         makeChild(effectParamProp, "xsize")->setDoubleValue(xsize);
520         makeChild(effectParamProp, "ysize")->setDoubleValue(ysize);
521         makeChild(effectParamProp, "scale")->setValue(SGVec3d(xsize,ysize,0.0));
522         makeChild(effectParamProp, "light-coverage")->setDoubleValue(light_coverage);
523
524         matState.effect = makeEffect(effectProp, false, options);
525         if (matState.effect.valid())
526             matState.effect->setUserData(user.get());
527     }
528 }
529
530 SGMaterialGlyph* SGMaterial::get_glyph (const std::string& name) const
531 {
532     map<std::string, SGSharedPtr<SGMaterialGlyph> >::const_iterator it;
533     it = glyphs.find(name);
534     if (it == glyphs.end())
535         return 0;
536
537     return it->second;
538 }
539
540 bool SGMaterial::valid(SGVec2f loc) const
541 {
542         SG_LOG( SG_TERRAIN, SG_BULK, "Checking materials for location ("
543                         << loc.x() << ","
544                         << loc.y() << ")");
545
546         // Check location first again the areas the material is valid for
547         AreaList::const_iterator i = areas->begin();
548
549         if (i == areas->end()) {
550                 // No areas defined, so simply check against condition
551                 if (condition) {
552                         return condition->test();
553                 } else {
554                         return true;
555                 }
556         }
557
558         for (; i != areas->end(); i++) {
559
560                 SG_LOG( SG_TERRAIN, SG_BULK, "Checking area ("
561                                 << i->x() << ","
562                                 << i->y() << ") width:"
563                                 << i->width() << " height:"
564                                 << i->height());
565                 // Areas defined, so check that the tile location falls within it
566                 // before checking against condition
567                 if (i->contains(loc.x(), loc.y())) {
568                         if (condition) {
569                                 return condition->test();
570                         } else {
571                                 return true;
572                         }
573                 }
574         }
575
576         return false;
577 }
578
579 \f
580 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
581 // SGMaterialGlyph.
582 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
583
584 SGMaterialGlyph::SGMaterialGlyph(SGPropertyNode *p) :
585     _left(p->getDoubleValue("left", 0.0)),
586     _right(p->getDoubleValue("right", 1.0))
587 {
588 }
589
590 void
591 SGSetTextureFilter( int max) {
592     SGSceneFeatures::instance()->setTextureFilter( max);
593 }
594
595 int
596 SGGetTextureFilter() {
597     return SGSceneFeatures::instance()->getTextureFilter();
598 }