simgear/scene/tgdb/SGBuildingBin.cxx

   1 /* -*-c++-*-
   2  *
   3  * Copyright (C) 2012 Stuart Buchanan
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   6  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
   8  * License, or (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  11  * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  13  * General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
  18  * MA 02110-1301, USA.
  19  *
  20  */
  21
  22 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  23 #  include <simgear_config.h>
  24 #endif
  25
  26 #include <algorithm>
  27 #include <vector>
  28 #include <string>
  29 #include <map>
  30
  31 #include <boost/foreach.hpp>
  32 #include <boost/tuple/tuple_comparison.hpp>
  33
  34 #include <osg/Geode>
  35 #include <osg/Geometry>
  36 #include <osg/Math>
  37 #include <osg/MatrixTransform>
  38 #include <osg/Matrix>
  39 #include <osg/ShadeModel>
  40 #include <osg/Material>
  41 #include <osg/CullFace>
  42
  43 #include <osgDB/ReadFile>
  44 #include <osgDB/FileUtils>
  45
  46 #include <simgear/debug/logstream.hxx>
  47 #include <simgear/math/sg_random.h>
  48 #include <simgear/misc/sg_path.hxx>
  49 #include <simgear/scene/material/Effect.hxx>
  50 #include <simgear/scene/material/EffectGeode.hxx>
  51 #include <simgear/scene/model/model.hxx>
  52 #include <simgear/props/props.hxx>
  53 #include <simgear/scene/util/QuadTreeBuilder.hxx>
  54 #include <simgear/scene/util/RenderConstants.hxx>
  55 #include <simgear/scene/util/StateAttributeFactory.hxx>
  56 #include <simgear/structure/OSGUtils.hxx>
  57
  58
  59 #include "ShaderGeometry.hxx"
  60 #include "SGBuildingBin.hxx"
  61
  62 #define SG_BUILDING_QUAD_TREE_DEPTH 3
  63 #define SG_BUILDING_FADE_OUT_LEVELS 10
  64
  65 using namespace osg;
  66
  67 namespace simgear
  68 {
  69
  70 typedef std::map<std::string, osg::observer_ptr<osg::StateSet> > BuildingStateSetMap;
  71 static BuildingStateSetMap statesetmap;
  72
  73 void addBuildingToLeafGeode(Geode* geode, const SGBuildingBin::Building& building)
  74 {
  75       // Generate a repeatable random seed
  76       mt seed;
  77       mt_init(&seed, unsigned(building.position.x()));
  78
  79       // Get or create geometry.
  80       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> geom;
  81       osg::Vec3Array* v = new osg::Vec3Array;
  82       osg::Vec2Array* t = new osg::Vec2Array;
  83
  84       // Color and Normal will be per QUAD
  85       osg::Vec4Array* c = new osg::Vec4Array;
  86       osg::Vec3Array* n = new osg::Vec3Array;
  87
  88       if (geode->getNumDrawables() == 0) {
  89         geom = new osg::Geometry;
  90         v = new osg::Vec3Array;
  91         t = new osg::Vec2Array;
  92         c = new osg::Vec4Array;
  93         n = new osg::Vec3Array;
  94
  95         // Set the color, which is bound overall, and simply white
  96         c->push_back( osg::Vec4( 1, 1, 1, 1) );
  97         geom->setColorArray(c);
  98         geom->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_OVERALL);
  99
 100         geom->setNormalBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_PRIMITIVE);
 101         // Temporary primitive set. Will be over-written later.
 102         geom->addPrimitiveSet(new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS,0,1));
 103         geode->addDrawable(geom);
 104       } else {
 105         geom = (osg::Geometry*) geode->getDrawable(0);
 106         v = (osg::Vec3Array*) geom->getVertexArray();
 107         t = (osg::Vec2Array*) geom->getTexCoordArray(0);
 108         c = (osg::Vec4Array*) geom->getColorArray();
 109         n = (osg::Vec3Array*) geom->getNormalArray();
 110       }
 111
 112       // For the moment we'll create a simple box with 5 sides (no need
 113       // for a base).
 114       int num_quads = 5;
 115
 116       if (building.pitched) {
 117         // If it's a pitched roof, we add another 3 quads (we'll be
 118         // removing the flat top).
 119         num_quads+=3;
 120       }
 121
 122       // Set up the rotation and translation matrix, which we apply to
 123       // vertices as they are created as we'll be adding buildings later.
 124       osg::Matrix transformMat;
 125       transformMat = osg::Matrix::translate(toOsg(building.position));
 126       double hdg =  - building.rotation * M_PI * 2;
 127       osg::Matrix rotationMat = osg::Matrix::rotate(hdg,
 128                                                osg::Vec3d(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
 129       transformMat.preMult(rotationMat);
 130
 131       // Create the vertices
 132       float cw = 0.5f * building.width;
 133       float cd = building.depth;
 134       float ch = building.height;
 135
 136       // 0,0,0 is the bottom center of the front
 137       // face, e.g. where the front door would be
 138
 139
 140       // BASEMENT
 141       // This exteds 10m below the main section
 142       // Front face
 143       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0,  cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 144       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0, -cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 145       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0, -cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top left
 146       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0,  cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top right
 147
 148       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(-1, 0, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 149
 150       // Left face
 151       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, -cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 152       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 153       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top left
 154       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, -cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top right
 155
 156       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0, -1, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 157
 158       // Back face
 159       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 160       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd,  cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 161       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd,  cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top left
 162       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top right
 163
 164       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(1, 0, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 165
 166       // Right face
 167       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 168       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, cw, -10) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 169       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top left
 170       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, cw,   0) * transformMat ); // top right
 171
 172       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0, 1, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 173
 174       // MAIN BODY
 175       // Front face
 176       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0,  cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 177       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0, -cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 178       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0, -cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top left
 179       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0,  cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top right
 180
 181       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(-1, 0, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 182
 183       // Left face
 184       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, -cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 185       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 186       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top left
 187       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, -cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top right
 188
 189       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0, -1, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 190
 191       // Back face
 192       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 193       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd,  cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 194       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd,  cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top left
 195       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top right
 196
 197       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(1, 0, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 198
 199       // Right face
 200       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 201       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, cw,  0) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 202       v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top left
 203       v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top right
 204
 205       n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0, 1, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 206
 207       // ROOF
 208       if (building.pitched) {
 209
 210         // Front pitched roof
 211         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(     0,  cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 212         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(     0, -cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 213         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd, -cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top left
 214         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd,  cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top right
 215         n->push_back( osg::Vec3(-0.707, 0, 0.707) * rotationMat ); // normal
 216
 217         // Left pitched roof
 218         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(     0, -cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 219         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(    cd, -cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 220         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd, -cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top left
 221         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd, -cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top right
 222         n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0, -1, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 223
 224         // Back pitched roof
 225         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(    cd, -cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 226         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(    cd,  cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 227         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd,  cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top left
 228         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd, -cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top right
 229         n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.707, 0, 0.707) * rotationMat ); // normal
 230
 231         // Right pitched roof
 232         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(    cd, cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 233         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(     0, cw,   ch) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 234         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd, cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top left
 235         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(0.5*cd, cw, ch+3) * transformMat ); // top right
 236         n->push_back( osg::Vec3(0, 1, 0) * rotationMat ); // normal
 237       } else {
 238         // Top face
 239         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0,  cw, ch) * transformMat ); // bottom right
 240         v->push_back( osg::Vec3(  0, -cw, ch) * transformMat ); // bottom left
 241         v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd, -cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top left
 242         v->push_back( osg::Vec3( cd,  cw, ch) * transformMat ); // top right
 243         n->push_back( osg::Vec3( 0, 0, 1) * rotationMat ); // normal
 244       }
 245
 246       // The 1024x1024 texture is split into 32x16 blocks.
 247       // For a small building, each block is 6m wide and 3m high.
 248       // For a medium building, each block is 10m wide and 3m high.
 249       // For a large building, each block is 20m wide and 3m high
 250
 251       if (building.type == SGBuildingBin::SMALL) {
 252         // Small buildings are represented on the bottom 5 rows of 3 floors
 253         int row = ((int) (mt_rand(&seed) * 1000)) % 5;
 254         float base_y = (float) row * 16.0 * 3.0 / 1024.0;
 255         float top_y = base_y + 16.0 * (float) building.floors / 1024.0;
 256         float left_x = 0.0f;
 257         float right_x = 32.0 / 1024.0 * round((float) building.width / 6.0f);
 258         float front_x = 384.0/1024.0;
 259         float back_x = 384.0/1024.0 + 32.0 / 1024.0 * round((float) building.depth/ 6.0f);
 260
 261         // BASEMENT - uses the baseline texture
 262         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
 263           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x, base_y) );
 264         }
 265         // MAIN BODY
 266         // Front
 267         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 268         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 269         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 270         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 271
 272         // Left
 273         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 274         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 275         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 276         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 277
 278         // Back (same as front for the moment)
 279         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 280         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 281         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 282         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 283
 284         // Right (same as left for the moment)
 285         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 286         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 287         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 288         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 289
 290         // ROOF
 291         if (building.pitched) {
 292           // Use the entire height of the roof texture
 293           top_y = base_y + 16.0 * 3.0 / 1024.0;
 294           left_x = 512/1024.0;
 295           right_x = 512/1024.0 + 32.0 / 1024.0 * round(building.width / 6.0f);
 296           front_x = 480.0/1024.0;
 297           back_x = 512.0/1024.0;
 298
 299           // Front
 300           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 301           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 302           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 303           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 304
 305           // Left
 306           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 307           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 308           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 309           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 310
 311           // Back (same as front for the moment)
 312           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 313           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 314           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 315           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 316
 317           // Right (same as left for the moment)
 318           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 319           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 320           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( back_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 321           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( front_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 322         } else {
 323           // Flat roof
 324           left_x = 512.0/1024.0;
 325           right_x = 640.0/1024.0;
 326           // Use the entire height of the roof texture
 327           top_y = base_y + 16.0 * 3.0 / 1024.0;
 328
 329           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 330           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 331           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 332           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 333         }
 334
 335       }
 336
 337       if (building.type == SGBuildingBin::MEDIUM)
 338       {
 339         int column = ((int) (mt_rand(&seed) * 1000)) % 5;
 340         float base_y = 288 / 1024.0;
 341         float top_y = base_y + 16.0 * (float) building.floors / 1024.0;
 342         float left_x = column * 192.0 /1024.0;
 343         float right_x = left_x + 32.0 / 1024.0 * round((float) building.width / 10.0f);
 344
 345         // BASEMENT - uses the baseline texture
 346         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
 347           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x, base_y) );
 348         }
 349
 350         // MAIN BODY
 351         // Front
 352         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 353         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 354         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 355         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 356
 357         // Left
 358         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 359         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 360         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 361         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 362
 363         // Back (same as front for the moment)
 364         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 365         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 366         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 367         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 368
 369         // Right (same as left for the moment)
 370         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 371         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 372         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 373         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 374
 375         // ROOF
 376         if (building.pitched) {
 377           base_y = 288.0/1024.0;
 378           top_y = 576.0/1024.0;
 379           left_x = 960.0/1024.0;
 380           right_x = 1.0;
 381           // Front
 382           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 383           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 384           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 385           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 386
 387           // Left
 388           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 389           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 390           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 391           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 392
 393           // Back (same as front for the moment)
 394           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 395           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 396           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 397           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 398
 399           // Right (same as left for the moment)
 400           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 401           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 402           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 403           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 404         } else {
 405           // Flat roof
 406           base_y = 416/1024.0;
 407           top_y = 576.0/1024.0;
 408           right_x = left_x + 32.0 / 1024.0 * 6.0;
 409
 410           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 411           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 412           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 413           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 414         }
 415       }
 416
 417       if (building.type == SGBuildingBin::LARGE)
 418       {
 419         int column = ((int) (mt_rand(&seed) * 1000)) % 8;
 420         float base_y = 576 / 1024.0;
 421         float top_y = base_y + 16.0 * (float) building.floors / 1024.0;
 422         float left_x = column * 128.0 /1024.0;
 423         float right_x = left_x + 32.0 / 1024.0 * round((float) building.width / 20.0f);
 424
 425         // BASEMENT - uses the baseline texture
 426         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
 427           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x, base_y) );
 428         }
 429
 430         // MAIN BODY
 431         // Front
 432         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 433         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 434         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 435         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 436
 437         // Left
 438         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 439         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 440         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 441         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 442
 443         // Back (same as front for the moment)
 444         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 445         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 446         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 447         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 448
 449         // Right (same as left for the moment)
 450         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 451         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 452         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 453         t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 454
 455         // ROOF
 456         if (building.pitched) {
 457           base_y = 896/1024.0;
 458           top_y = 1.0;
 459           // Front
 460           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 461           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 462           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 463           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 464
 465           // Left
 466           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 467           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 468           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 469           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 470
 471           // Back (same as front for the moment)
 472           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 473           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 474           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 475           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 476
 477           // Right (same as left for the moment)
 478           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 479           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 480           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 481           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 482         } else {
 483           // Flat roof
 484           base_y = 896/1024.0;
 485           top_y = 1.0;
 486
 487           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, base_y) ); // bottom right
 488           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  base_y) ); // bottom left
 489           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( left_x,  top_y ) ); // top left
 490           t->push_back( osg::Vec2( right_x, top_y ) ); // top right
 491         }
 492
 493       }
 494
 495       // Set the vertex, texture and normals back.
 496       geom->setVertexArray(v);
 497       geom->setTexCoordArray(0, t);
 498       geom->setNormalArray(n);
 499
 500       geom->setPrimitiveSet(0, new osg::DrawArrays(osg::PrimitiveSet::QUADS,0,v->size()));
 501       geode->setDrawable(0, geom);
 502 }
 503
 504 // Helper classes for creating the quad tree
 505 namespace
 506 {
 507 struct MakeBuildingLeaf
 508 {
 509     MakeBuildingLeaf(float range, Effect* effect) :
 510         _range(range), _effect(effect) {}
 511
 512     MakeBuildingLeaf(const MakeBuildingLeaf& rhs) :
 513         _range(rhs._range), _effect(rhs._effect)
 514     {}
 515
 516     LOD* operator() () const
 517     {
 518         LOD* result = new LOD;
 519
 520         // Create a series of LOD nodes so trees cover decreases slightly
 521         // gradually with distance from _range to 2*_range
 522         for (float i = 0.0; i < SG_BUILDING_FADE_OUT_LEVELS; i++)
 523         {
 524             //osg::ref_ptr<EffectGeode> geode = new EffectGeode();
 525             //geode->setEffect(_effect);
 526             osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geode>  geode = new osg::Geode();
 527             result->addChild(geode, 0, _range * (1.0 + i / (SG_BUILDING_FADE_OUT_LEVELS - 1.0)));
 528         }
 529         return result;
 530     }
 531
 532     float _range;
 533     Effect* _effect;
 534 };
 535
 536 struct AddBuildingLeafObject
 537 {
 538     void operator() (LOD* lod, const SGBuildingBin::Building& building) const
 539     {
 540         Geode* geode = static_cast<Geode*>(lod->getChild(int(building.position.x() * 10.0f) % lod->getNumChildren()));
 541         addBuildingToLeafGeode(geode, building);
 542     }
 543 };
 544
 545 struct GetBuildingCoord
 546 {
 547     Vec3 operator() (const SGBuildingBin::Building& building) const
 548     {
 549         return toOsg(building.position);
 550     }
 551 };
 552
 553 typedef QuadTreeBuilder<LOD*, SGBuildingBin::Building, MakeBuildingLeaf, AddBuildingLeafObject,
 554                         GetBuildingCoord> BuildingGeometryQuadtree;
 555 }
 556
 557 struct BuildingTransformer
 558 {
 559     BuildingTransformer(Matrix& mat_) : mat(mat_) {}
 560     SGBuildingBin::Building operator()(const SGBuildingBin::Building& building) const
 561     {
 562         Vec3 pos = toOsg(building.position);
 563         return SGBuildingBin::Building(toSG(pos * mat), building);
 564     }
 565     Matrix mat;
 566 };
 567
 568
 569
 570 // This actually returns a MatrixTransform node. If we rotate the whole
 571 // forest into the local Z-up coordinate system we can reuse the
 572 // primitive building geometry for all the forests of the same type.
 573 osg::Group* createRandomBuildings(SGBuildingBinList buildings, const osg::Matrix& transform,
 574                          const SGReaderWriterOptions* options)
 575 {
 576     Matrix transInv = Matrix::inverse(transform);
 577     static Matrix ident;
 578     // Set up some shared structures.
 579     MatrixTransform* mt = new MatrixTransform(transform);
 580     Effect* effect = makeEffect("Effects/model-default", true);
 581
 582     SGBuildingBin* bin = NULL;
 583
 584     BOOST_FOREACH(bin, buildings)
 585     {
 586         // Now, create a quadbuilding for the buildings.
 587         BuildingGeometryQuadtree
 588             quadbuilding(GetBuildingCoord(), AddBuildingLeafObject(),
 589                      SG_BUILDING_QUAD_TREE_DEPTH,
 590                      MakeBuildingLeaf(20000.0f, effect)); // FIXME - tie to property
 591
 592         // Transform building positions from the "geocentric" positions we
 593         // get from the scenery polys into the local Z-up coordinate
 594         // system.
 595         std::vector<SGBuildingBin::Building> rotatedBuildings;
 596         rotatedBuildings.reserve(bin->buildings.size());
 597         std::transform(bin->buildings.begin(), bin->buildings.end(),
 598                        std::back_inserter(rotatedBuildings),
 599                        BuildingTransformer(transInv));
 600         quadbuilding.buildQuadTree(rotatedBuildings.begin(), rotatedBuildings.end());
 601
 602         ref_ptr<Group> group = quadbuilding.getRoot();
 603
 604         // Set up the stateset for this building bin and the texture to use.
 605         osg::StateSet* stateSet = group->getOrCreateStateSet();
 606         const std::string texturename = bin->texture;
 607         osg::Texture2D* texture = SGLoadTexture2D(texturename);
 608         texture->setWrap(osg::Texture2D::WRAP_S,  osg::Texture2D::CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
 609         texture->setWrap(osg::Texture2D::WRAP_T,  osg::Texture2D::CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
 610         stateSet->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, texture);
 611
 612         osg::ShadeModel* shadeModel = new osg::ShadeModel;
 613         shadeModel->setMode(osg::ShadeModel::FLAT);
 614         stateSet->setAttributeAndModes(shadeModel);
 615         stateSet->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
 616         stateSet->setMode(GL_FOG, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
 617         stateSet->setMode(GL_DEPTH_TEST, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
 618         stateSet->setMode(GL_CULL_FACE, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
 619         stateSet->setMode(GL_BLEND, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
 620         stateSet->setMode(GL_ALPHA_TEST, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
 621         stateSet->setAttribute(new osg::CullFace(osg::CullFace::BACK));
 622
 623         osg::Material* material = new osg::Material;
 624         material->setAmbient(osg::Material::FRONT, osg::Vec4(0.3,0.3,0.3,1.0));
 625         material->setDiffuse(osg::Material::FRONT, osg::Vec4(1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0));
 626         material->setSpecular(osg::Material::FRONT, osg::Vec4(0,0,0,1.0));
 627         material->setShininess(osg::Material::FRONT, 0.0);
 628         material->setColorMode(osg::Material::AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE);
 629         stateSet->setAttribute(material);
 630         mt->addChild(group);
 631     }
 632
 633     return mt;
 634 }
 635
 636 }