simgear/scene/tgdb/obj.cxx

   1 // obj.cxx -- routines to handle loading scenery and building the plib
   2 //            scene graph.
   3 //
   4 // Written by Curtis Olson, started October 1997.
   5 //
   6 // Copyright (C) 1997  Curtis L. Olson  - http://www.flightgear.org/~curt
   7 //
   8 // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   9 // modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  10 // published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
  11 // License, or (at your option) any later version.
  12 //
  13 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14 // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  16 // General Public License for more details.
  17 //
  18 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19 // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  20 // Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
  21 //
  22 // $Id$
  23
  24
  25 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  26 #  include <simgear_config.h>
  27 #endif
  28
  29 #include "obj.hxx"
  30
  31 #include <simgear/compiler.h>
  32
  33 #include <osg/Fog>
  34 #include <osg/Geode>
  35 #include <osg/Geometry>
  36 #include <osg/Group>
  37 #include <osg/LOD>
  38 #include <osg/MatrixTransform>
  39 #include <osg/Point>
  40 #include <osg/Referenced>
  41 #include <osg/StateSet>
  42 #include <osg/Switch>
  43
  44 #include <osgUtil/Simplifier>
  45
  46 #include <boost/foreach.hpp>
  47
  48 #include <algorithm>
  49
  50 #include <simgear/debug/logstream.hxx>
  51 #include <simgear/io/sg_binobj.hxx>
  52 #include <simgear/math/sg_geodesy.hxx>
  53 #include <simgear/math/sg_random.h>
  54 #include <simgear/math/SGMisc.hxx>
  55 #include <simgear/scene/material/Effect.hxx>
  56 #include <simgear/scene/material/EffectGeode.hxx>
  57 #include <simgear/scene/material/mat.hxx>
  58 #include <simgear/scene/material/matmodel.hxx>
  59 #include <simgear/scene/material/matlib.hxx>
  60 #include <simgear/scene/model/SGOffsetTransform.hxx>
  61 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGUpdateVisitor.hxx>
  62 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGNodeMasks.hxx>
  63 #include <simgear/scene/util/QuadTreeBuilder.hxx>
  64 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGReaderWriterOptions.hxx>
  65 #include <simgear/scene/util/OptionsReadFileCallback.hxx>
  66
  67 #include "SGTexturedTriangleBin.hxx"
  68 #include "SGLightBin.hxx"
  69 #include "SGModelBin.hxx"
  70 #include "SGBuildingBin.hxx"
  71 #include "TreeBin.hxx"
  72 #include "SGDirectionalLightBin.hxx"
  73 #include "GroundLightManager.hxx"
  74
  75 #include "pt_lights.hxx"
  76
  77 #define SG_SIMPLIFIER_RATIO 0.001
  78 #define SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_LENGTH 1000.0
  79 #define SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_ERROR 2000.0
  80 #define SG_OBJECT_RANGE 9000.0
  81 #define SG_TILE_RADIUS 14000.0
  82
  83 using namespace simgear;
  84
  85 typedef std::map<std::string,SGTexturedTriangleBin> SGMaterialTriangleMap;
  86 typedef std::list<SGLightBin> SGLightListBin;
  87 typedef std::list<SGDirectionalLightBin> SGDirectionalLightListBin;
  88
  89 class SGTileGeometryBin : public osg::Referenced {
  90 public:
  91   SGMaterialTriangleMap materialTriangleMap;
  92   SGLightBin tileLights;
  93   SGLightBin randomTileLights;
  94   SGTreeBinList randomForest;
  95   SGDirectionalLightBin runwayLights;
  96   SGDirectionalLightBin taxiLights;
  97   SGDirectionalLightListBin vasiLights;
  98   SGDirectionalLightListBin rabitLights;
  99   SGLightListBin odalLights;
 100   SGDirectionalLightListBin holdshortLights;
 101   SGDirectionalLightListBin guardLights;
 102   SGDirectionalLightListBin reilLights;
 103   SGMatModelBin randomModels;
 104   SGBuildingBinList randomBuildings;
 105
 106   static SGVec4f
 107   getMaterialLightColor(const SGMaterial* material)
 108   {
 109     if (!material)
 110       return SGVec4f(1, 1, 1, 0.8);
 111     return material->get_light_color();
 112   }
 113
 114   static void
 115   addPointGeometry(SGLightBin& lights,
 116                    const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 117                    const SGVec4f& color,
 118                    const int_list& pts_v)
 119   {
 120     for (unsigned i = 0; i < pts_v.size(); ++i)
 121       lights.insert(toVec3f(vertices[pts_v[i]]), color);
 122   }
 123
 124   static void
 125   addPointGeometry(SGDirectionalLightBin& lights,
 126                    const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 127                    const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals,
 128                    const SGVec4f& color,
 129                    const int_list& pts_v,
 130                    const int_list& pts_n)
 131   {
 132     // If the normal indices match the vertex indices, use seperate
 133     // normal indices. Else reuse the vertex indices for the normals.
 134     if (pts_v.size() == pts_n.size()) {
 135       for (unsigned i = 0; i < pts_v.size(); ++i)
 136         lights.insert(toVec3f(vertices[pts_v[i]]), normals[pts_n[i]], color);
 137     } else {
 138       for (unsigned i = 0; i < pts_v.size(); ++i)
 139         lights.insert(toVec3f(vertices[pts_v[i]]), normals[pts_v[i]], color);
 140     }
 141   }
 142
 143   bool
 144   insertPtGeometry(const SGBinObject& obj, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 145   {
 146     if (obj.get_pts_v().size() != obj.get_pts_n().size()) {
 147       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 148              "Group list sizes for points do not match!");
 149       return false;
 150     }
 151
 152     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_pts_v().size(); ++grp) {
 153       std::string materialName = obj.get_pt_materials()[grp];
 154       SGMaterial* material = 0;
 155       if (matlib)
 156           material = matlib->findCached(materialName);
 157       SGVec4f color = getMaterialLightColor(material);
 158
 159       if (3 <= materialName.size() && materialName.substr(0, 3) != "RWY") {
 160         // Just plain lights. Not something for the runway.
 161         addPointGeometry(tileLights, obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), color,
 162                          obj.get_pts_v()[grp]);
 163       } else if (materialName == "RWY_BLUE_TAXIWAY_LIGHTS"
 164                  || materialName == "RWY_GREEN_TAXIWAY_LIGHTS") {
 165         addPointGeometry(taxiLights, obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), obj.get_normals(),
 166                          color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp], obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 167       } else if (materialName == "RWY_VASI_LIGHTS") {
 168         vasiLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 169         addPointGeometry(vasiLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 170                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 171                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 172       } else if (materialName == "RWY_SEQUENCED_LIGHTS") {
 173         rabitLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 174         addPointGeometry(rabitLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 175                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 176                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 177       } else if (materialName == "RWY_ODALS_LIGHTS") {
 178         odalLights.push_back(SGLightBin());
 179         addPointGeometry(odalLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 180                          color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp]);
 181       } else if (materialName == "RWY_YELLOW_PULSE_LIGHTS") {
 182         holdshortLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 183         addPointGeometry(holdshortLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 184                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 185                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 186       } else if (materialName == "RWY_GUARD_LIGHTS") {
 187         guardLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 188         addPointGeometry(guardLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 189                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 190                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 191       } else if (materialName == "RWY_REIL_LIGHTS") {
 192         reilLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 193         addPointGeometry(reilLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 194                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 195                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 196       } else {
 197         // what is left must be runway lights
 198         addPointGeometry(runwayLights, obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 199                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 200                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 201       }
 202     }
 203
 204     return true;
 205   }
 206
 207
 208   static SGVec2f
 209   getTexCoord(const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords, const int_list& tc,
 210               const SGVec2f& tcScale, unsigned i)
 211   {
 212     if (tc.empty())
 213       return tcScale;
 214     else if (tc.size() == 1)
 215       return mult(texCoords[tc[0]], tcScale);
 216     else
 217       return mult(texCoords[tc[i]], tcScale);
 218   }
 219
 220   static void
 221   addTriangleGeometry(SGTexturedTriangleBin& triangles,
 222                       const SGBinObject& obj, unsigned grp,
 223                       const SGVec2f& tc0Scale,
 224                       const SGVec2f& tc1Scale)
 225   {
 226     const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices(obj.get_wgs84_nodes());
 227     const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals(obj.get_normals());
 228     const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords(obj.get_texcoords());
 229     const int_list& tris_v(obj.get_tris_v()[grp]);
 230     const int_list& tris_n(obj.get_tris_n()[grp]);
 231     const tci_list& tris_tc(obj.get_tris_tcs()[grp]);
 232     bool  num_norms_is_num_verts = true;
 233
 234     if (tris_v.size() != tris_n.size()) {
 235         // If the normal indices do not match, they should be inmplicitly
 236         // the same than the vertex indices.
 237         num_norms_is_num_verts = false;
 238     }
 239
 240     if ( !tris_tc[1].empty() ) {
 241         triangles.hasSecondaryTexCoord(true);
 242     }
 243
 244     for (unsigned i = 2; i < tris_v.size(); i += 3) {
 245         SGVertNormTex v0;
 246         v0.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[tris_v[i-2]]) );
 247         v0.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[tris_n[i-2]] :
 248                                                normals[tris_v[i-2]] );
 249         v0.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc[0], tc0Scale, i-2) );
 250         if (!tris_tc[1].empty()) {
 251             v0.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc[1], tc1Scale, i-2) );
 252         }
 253         SGVertNormTex v1;
 254         v1.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[tris_v[i-1]]) );
 255         v1.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[tris_n[i-1]] :
 256                                                normals[tris_v[i-1]] );
 257         v1.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc[0], tc0Scale, i-1) );
 258         if (!tris_tc[1].empty()) {
 259             v1.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc[1], tc1Scale, i-1) );
 260         }
 261         SGVertNormTex v2;
 262         v2.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[tris_v[i]]) );
 263         v2.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[tris_n[i]] :
 264                                                normals[tris_v[i]] );
 265         v2.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc[0], tc0Scale, i) );
 266         if (!tris_tc[1].empty()) {
 267             v2.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc[1], tc1Scale, i) );
 268         }
 269
 270         triangles.insert(v0, v1, v2);
 271     }
 272   }
 273
 274   static void
 275   addStripGeometry(SGTexturedTriangleBin& triangles,
 276                    const SGBinObject& obj, unsigned grp,
 277                    const SGVec2f& tc0Scale,
 278                    const SGVec2f& tc1Scale)
 279   {
 280       const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices(obj.get_wgs84_nodes());
 281       const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals(obj.get_normals());
 282       const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords(obj.get_texcoords());
 283       const int_list& strips_v(obj.get_strips_v()[grp]);
 284       const int_list& strips_n(obj.get_strips_n()[grp]);
 285       const tci_list& strips_tc(obj.get_strips_tcs()[grp]);
 286       bool  num_norms_is_num_verts = true;
 287
 288       if (strips_v.size() != strips_n.size()) {
 289           // If the normal indices do not match, they should be inmplicitly
 290           // the same than the vertex indices.
 291           num_norms_is_num_verts = false;
 292       }
 293
 294       if ( !strips_tc[1].empty() ) {
 295           triangles.hasSecondaryTexCoord(true);
 296       }
 297
 298     for (unsigned i = 2; i < strips_v.size(); ++i) {
 299       SGVertNormTex v0;
 300       v0.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[strips_v[i-2]]) );
 301       v0.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[strips_n[i-2]] :
 302                                              normals[strips_v[i-2]] );
 303       v0.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc[0], tc0Scale, i-2) );
 304       if (!strips_tc[1].empty()) {
 305           v0.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc[1], tc1Scale, i-2) );
 306       }
 307       SGVertNormTex v1;
 308       v1.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[strips_v[i-1]]) );
 309       v1.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[strips_n[i-1]] :
 310                                              normals[strips_v[i-1]] );
 311       v1.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc[1], tc0Scale, i-1) );
 312       if (!strips_tc[1].empty()) {
 313           v1.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc[1], tc1Scale, i-1) );
 314       }
 315       SGVertNormTex v2;
 316       v2.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[strips_v[i]]) );
 317       v2.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[strips_n[i]] :
 318                                              normals[strips_v[i]] );
 319       v2.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc[0], tc0Scale, i) );
 320       if (!strips_tc[1].empty()) {
 321           v2.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc[1], tc1Scale, i) );
 322       }
 323       if (i%2)
 324         triangles.insert(v1, v0, v2);
 325       else
 326         triangles.insert(v0, v1, v2);
 327     }
 328   }
 329
 330   static void
 331   addFanGeometry(SGTexturedTriangleBin& triangles,
 332                  const SGBinObject& obj, unsigned grp,
 333                  const SGVec2f& tc0Scale,
 334                  const SGVec2f& tc1Scale)
 335   {
 336       const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices(obj.get_wgs84_nodes());
 337       const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals(obj.get_normals());
 338       const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords(obj.get_texcoords());
 339       const int_list& fans_v(obj.get_fans_v()[grp]);
 340       const int_list& fans_n(obj.get_fans_n()[grp]);
 341       const tci_list& fans_tc(obj.get_fans_tcs()[grp]);
 342       bool  num_norms_is_num_verts = true;
 343
 344       if (fans_v.size() != fans_n.size()) {
 345           // If the normal indices do not match, they should be inmplicitly
 346           // the same than the vertex indices.
 347           num_norms_is_num_verts = false;
 348       }
 349
 350       if ( !fans_tc[1].empty() ) {
 351           triangles.hasSecondaryTexCoord(true);
 352       }
 353
 354     SGVertNormTex v0;
 355     v0.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[fans_v[0]]) );
 356     v0.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[fans_n[0]] :
 357                                            normals[fans_v[0]] );
 358     v0.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc[0], tc0Scale, 0) );
 359     if (!fans_tc[1].empty()) {
 360         v0.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc[1], tc1Scale, 0) );
 361     }
 362     SGVertNormTex v1;
 363     v1.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[fans_v[1]]) );
 364     v1.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[fans_n[1]] :
 365                                            normals[fans_v[1]] );
 366     v1.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc[0], tc0Scale, 1) );
 367     if (!fans_tc[1].empty()) {
 368         v1.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc[1], tc1Scale, 1) );
 369     }
 370     for (unsigned i = 2; i < fans_v.size(); ++i) {
 371       SGVertNormTex v2;
 372       v2.SetVertex( toVec3f(vertices[fans_v[i]]) );
 373       v2.SetNormal( num_norms_is_num_verts ? normals[fans_n[i]] :
 374                                              normals[fans_v[i]] );
 375       v2.SetTexCoord( 0, getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc[0], tc0Scale, i) );
 376       if (!fans_tc[1].empty()) {
 377           v2.SetTexCoord( 1, getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc[1], tc1Scale, i) );
 378       }
 379       triangles.insert(v0, v1, v2);
 380       v1 = v2;
 381     }
 382   }
 383
 384   SGVec2f getTexCoordScale(const std::string& name, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 385   {
 386     if (!matlib)
 387       return SGVec2f(1, 1);
 388     SGMaterial* material = matlib->findCached(name);
 389     if (!material)
 390       return SGVec2f(1, 1);
 391
 392     return material->get_tex_coord_scale();
 393   }
 394
 395   bool
 396   insertSurfaceGeometry(const SGBinObject& obj, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 397   {
 398     if (obj.get_tris_n().size() < obj.get_tris_v().size() ||
 399         obj.get_tris_tcs().size() < obj.get_tris_v().size()) {
 400       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 401              "Group list sizes for triangles do not match!");
 402       return false;
 403     }
 404
 405     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_tris_v().size(); ++grp) {
 406       std::string materialName = obj.get_tri_materials()[grp];
 407       SGVec2f tc0Scale = getTexCoordScale(materialName, matlib);
 408       SGVec2f tc1Scale(1.0, 1.0);
 409       addTriangleGeometry(materialTriangleMap[materialName],
 410                           obj, grp, tc0Scale, tc1Scale );
 411     }
 412
 413     if (obj.get_strips_n().size() < obj.get_strips_v().size() ||
 414         obj.get_strips_tcs().size() < obj.get_strips_v().size()) {
 415       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 416              "Group list sizes for strips do not match!");
 417       return false;
 418     }
 419     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_strips_v().size(); ++grp) {
 420       std::string materialName = obj.get_strip_materials()[grp];
 421       SGVec2f tc0Scale = getTexCoordScale(materialName, matlib);
 422       SGVec2f tc1Scale(1.0, 1.0);
 423       addStripGeometry(materialTriangleMap[materialName],
 424                           obj, grp, tc0Scale, tc1Scale);
 425     }
 426
 427     if (obj.get_fans_n().size() < obj.get_fans_v().size() ||
 428         obj.get_fans_tcs().size() < obj.get_fans_v().size()) {
 429       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 430              "Group list sizes for fans do not match!");
 431       return false;
 432     }
 433     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_fans_v().size(); ++grp) {
 434       std::string materialName = obj.get_fan_materials()[grp];
 435       SGVec2f tc0Scale = getTexCoordScale(materialName, matlib);
 436       SGVec2f tc1Scale(1.0, 1.0);
 437       addFanGeometry(materialTriangleMap[materialName],
 438                        obj, grp, tc0Scale, tc1Scale );
 439     }
 440     return true;
 441   }
 442
 443   osg::Node* getSurfaceGeometry(SGMaterialLib* matlib, bool useVBOs) const
 444   {
 445     if (materialTriangleMap.empty())
 446       return 0;
 447
 448     EffectGeode* eg = NULL;
 449     osg::Group* group = (materialTriangleMap.size() > 1 ? new osg::Group : NULL);
 450     if (group) {
 451         group->setName("surfaceGeometryGroup");
 452     }
 453
 454     //osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
 455     SGMaterialTriangleMap::const_iterator i;
 456     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 457       osg::Geometry* geometry = i->second.buildGeometry(useVBOs);
 458       SGMaterial *mat = NULL;
 459       if (matlib) {
 460         mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 461       }
 462       eg = new EffectGeode;
 463       eg->setName("EffectGeode");
 464       if (mat) {
 465         eg->setEffect(mat->get_effect(i->second));
 466       }
 467       eg->addDrawable(geometry);
 468       eg->runGenerators(geometry);  // Generate extra data needed by effect
 469       if (group) {
 470         group->addChild(eg);
 471       }
 472     }
 473
 474     if (group) {
 475         return group;
 476     } else {
 477         return eg;
 478     }
 479   }
 480
 481   void computeRandomSurfaceLights(SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 482   {
 483     SGMaterialTriangleMap::iterator i;
 484
 485     // generate a repeatable random seed
 486     mt seed;
 487     mt_init(&seed, unsigned(123));
 488
 489     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 490       SGMaterial *mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 491       if (!mat)
 492         continue;
 493
 494       float coverage = mat->get_light_coverage();
 495       if (coverage <= 0)
 496         continue;
 497       if (coverage < 10000.0) {
 498         SG_LOG(SG_INPUT, SG_ALERT, "Light coverage is "
 499                << coverage << ", pushing up to 10000");
 500         coverage = 10000;
 501       }
 502
 503       std::vector<SGVec3f> randomPoints;
 504       i->second.addRandomSurfacePoints(coverage, 3, mat->get_object_mask(i->second), randomPoints);
 505       std::vector<SGVec3f>::iterator j;
 506       for (j = randomPoints.begin(); j != randomPoints.end(); ++j) {
 507         float zombie = mt_rand(&seed);
 508         // factor = sg_random() ^ 2, range = 0 .. 1 concentrated towards 0
 509         float factor = mt_rand(&seed);
 510         factor *= factor;
 511
 512         float bright = 1;
 513         SGVec4f color;
 514         if ( zombie > 0.5 ) {
 515           // 50% chance of yellowish
 516           color = SGVec4f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.3f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 517         } else if (zombie > 0.15f) {
 518           // 35% chance of whitish
 519           color = SGVec4f(0.9, 0.9f, 0.8f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 520         } else if (zombie > 0.05f) {
 521           // 10% chance of orangish
 522           color = SGVec4f(0.9f, 0.6f, 0.2f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 523         } else {
 524           // 5% chance of redish
 525           color = SGVec4f(0.9f, 0.2f, 0.2f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 526         }
 527         randomTileLights.insert(*j, color);
 528       }
 529     }
 530   }
 531
 532   void computeRandomObjectsAndBuildings(
 533     SGMaterialLib* matlib,
 534     float building_density,
 535     bool use_random_objects,
 536     bool use_random_buildings,
 537     bool useVBOs)
 538   {
 539     SGMaterialTriangleMap::iterator i;
 540
 541     // generate a repeatable random seed
 542     mt seed;
 543     mt_init(&seed, unsigned(123));
 544
 545     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 546       SGMaterial *mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 547       SGTexturedTriangleBin triangleBin = i->second;
 548
 549       if (!mat)
 550         continue;
 551
 552       osg::Texture2D* object_mask  = mat->get_object_mask(triangleBin);
 553
 554       int   group_count            = mat->get_object_group_count();
 555       float building_coverage      = mat->get_building_coverage();
 556       float cos_zero_density_angle = mat->get_cos_object_zero_density_slope_angle();
 557       float cos_max_density_angle  = mat->get_cos_object_max_density_slope_angle();
 558
 559       if (building_coverage == 0)
 560          continue;
 561
 562       SGBuildingBin* bin = NULL;
 563
 564       if (building_coverage > 0) {
 565         bin = new SGBuildingBin(mat, useVBOs);
 566         randomBuildings.push_back(bin);
 567       }
 568
 569       unsigned num = i->second.getNumTriangles();
 570       int random_dropped = 0;
 571       int mask_dropped = 0;
 572       int building_dropped = 0;
 573       int triangle_dropped = 0;
 574
 575       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
 576         SGTexturedTriangleBin::triangle_ref triangleRef = triangleBin.getTriangleRef(i);
 577
 578         SGVec3f vorigin = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[0]).GetVertex();
 579         SGVec3f v0 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[1]).GetVertex() - vorigin;
 580         SGVec3f v1 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[2]).GetVertex() - vorigin;
 581         SGVec2f torigin = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[0]).GetTexCoord(0);
 582         SGVec2f t0 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[1]).GetTexCoord(0) - torigin;
 583         SGVec2f t1 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[2]).GetTexCoord(0) - torigin;
 584         SGVec3f normal = cross(v0, v1);
 585
 586         // Ensure the slope isn't too steep by checking the
 587         // cos of the angle between the slope normal and the
 588         // vertical (conveniently the z-component of the normalized
 589         // normal) and values passed in.
 590         float cos = normalize(normal).z();
 591         float slope_density = 1.0;
 592         if (cos < cos_zero_density_angle) continue; // Too steep for any objects
 593         if (cos < cos_max_density_angle) {
 594           slope_density =
 595             (cos - cos_zero_density_angle) /
 596             (cos_max_density_angle - cos_zero_density_angle);
 597         }
 598
 599         // Containers to hold the random buildings and objects generated
 600         // for this triangle for collision detection purposes.
 601         std::vector< std::pair< SGVec3f, float> > triangleObjectsList;
 602         std::vector< std::pair< SGVec3f, float> > triangleBuildingList;
 603
 604         // Compute the area
 605         float area = 0.5f*length(normal);
 606         if (area <= SGLimitsf::min())
 607           continue;
 608
 609         // Generate any random objects
 610         if (use_random_objects && (group_count > 0))
 611         {
 612           for (int j = 0; j < group_count; j++)
 613           {
 614             SGMatModelGroup *object_group =  mat->get_object_group(j);
 615             int nObjects = object_group->get_object_count();
 616
 617             if (nObjects == 0) continue;
 618
 619             // For each of the random models in the group, determine an appropriate
 620             // number of random placements and insert them.
 621             for (int k = 0; k < nObjects; k++) {
 622               SGMatModel * object = object_group->get_object(k);
 623
 624               // Determine the number of objecst to place, taking into account
 625               // the slope density factor.
 626               double n = slope_density * area / object->get_coverage_m2();
 627
 628               // Use the zombie door method to determine fractional object placement.
 629               n = n + mt_rand(&seed);
 630
 631               // place an object each unit of area
 632               while ( n > 1.0 ) {
 633                 float a = mt_rand(&seed);
 634                 float b = mt_rand(&seed);
 635                 if ( a + b > 1 ) {
 636                   a = 1 - a;
 637                   b = 1 - b;
 638                 }
 639
 640                 SGVec3f randomPoint = vorigin + a*v0 + b*v1;
 641                 float rotation = static_cast<float>(mt_rand(&seed));
 642
 643                 // Check that the point is sufficiently far from
 644                 // the edge of the triangle by measuring the distance
 645                 // from the three lines that make up the triangle.
 646                 float spacing = object->get_spacing_m();
 647
 648                 SGVec3f p = randomPoint - vorigin;
 649                 float edges[] = { length(cross(p     , p - v0)) / length(v0),
 650                                   length(cross(p - v0, p - v1)) / length(v1 - v0),
 651                                   length(cross(p - v1, p     )) / length(v1)      };
 652                 float edge_dist = *std::min_element(edges, edges + 3);
 653
 654                 if (edge_dist < spacing) {
 655                   n -= 1.0;
 656                   continue;
 657                 }
 658
 659                 if (object_mask != NULL) {
 660                   SGVec2f texCoord = torigin + a*t0 + b*t1;
 661
 662                   // Check this random point against the object mask
 663                   // blue (for buildings) channel.
 664                   osg::Image* img = object_mask->getImage();
 665                   unsigned int x = (int) (img->s() * texCoord.x()) % img->s();
 666                   unsigned int y = (int) (img->t() * texCoord.y()) % img->t();
 667
 668                   if (mt_rand(&seed) > img->getColor(x, y).b()) {
 669                     // Failed object mask check
 670                     n -= 1.0;
 671                     continue;
 672                   }
 673
 674                   rotation = img->getColor(x,y).r();
 675                 }
 676
 677                 bool close = false;
 678
 679                 // Check it isn't too close to any other random objects in the triangle
 680                 std::vector<std::pair<SGVec3f, float> >::iterator l;
 681                 for (l = triangleObjectsList.begin(); l != triangleObjectsList.end(); ++l) {
 682                   float min_dist2 = (l->second + object->get_spacing_m()) *
 683                                     (l->second + object->get_spacing_m());
 684
 685                   if (distSqr(l->first, randomPoint) > min_dist2) {
 686                     close = true;
 687                     continue;
 688                   }
 689                 }
 690
 691                 if (!close) {
 692                     triangleObjectsList.push_back(std::make_pair(randomPoint, object->get_spacing_m()));
 693                     randomModels.insert(randomPoint,
 694                                         object,
 695                                         (int)object->get_randomized_range_m(&seed),
 696                                         rotation);
 697                 }
 698               }
 699             }
 700           }
 701         }
 702
 703         // Random objects now generated.  Now generate the random buildings (if any);
 704         if (use_random_buildings && (building_coverage > 0) && (building_density > 0)) {
 705
 706           // Calculate the number of buildings, taking into account building density (which is linear)
 707           // and the slope density factor.
 708           double num = building_density * building_density * slope_density * area / building_coverage;
 709
 710           // For partial units of area, use a zombie door method to
 711           // create the proper random chance of an object being created
 712           // for this triangle.
 713           num = num + mt_rand(&seed);
 714
 715           if (num < 1.0f) {
 716             continue;
 717           }
 718
 719           // Cosine of the angle between the two vectors.
 720           float cosine = (dot(v0, v1) / (length(v0) * length(v1)));
 721
 722           // Determine a grid spacing in each vector such that the correct
 723           // coverage will result.
 724           float stepv0 = (sqrtf(building_coverage) / building_density) / length(v0) / sqrtf(1 - cosine * cosine);
 725           float stepv1 = (sqrtf(building_coverage) / building_density) / length(v1);
 726
 727           stepv0 = std::min(stepv0, 1.0f);
 728           stepv1 = std::min(stepv1, 1.0f);
 729
 730           // Start at a random point. a will be immediately incremented below.
 731           float a = -mt_rand(&seed) * stepv0;
 732           float b = mt_rand(&seed) * stepv1;
 733
 734           // Place an object each unit of area
 735           while (num > 1.0) {
 736             num -= 1.0;
 737
 738             // Set the next location to place a building
 739             a += stepv0;
 740
 741             if ((a + b) > 1.0f) {
 742               // Reached the end of the scan-line on v0. Reset and increment
 743               // scan-line on v1
 744               a = mt_rand(&seed) * stepv0;
 745               b += stepv1;
 746             }
 747
 748             if (b > 1.0f) {
 749               // In a degenerate case of a single point, we might be outside the
 750               // scanline.  Note that we need to still ensure that a+b < 1.
 751               b = mt_rand(&seed) * stepv1 * (1.0f - a);
 752             }
 753
 754             if ((a + b) > 1.0f ) {
 755               // Truly degenerate case - simply choose a random point guaranteed
 756               // to fulfil the constraing of a+b < 1.
 757               a = mt_rand(&seed);
 758               b = mt_rand(&seed) * (1.0f - a);
 759             }
 760
 761             SGVec3f randomPoint = vorigin + a*v0 + b*v1;
 762             float rotation = mt_rand(&seed);
 763
 764             if (object_mask != NULL) {
 765               SGVec2f texCoord = torigin + a*t0 + b*t1;
 766               osg::Image* img = object_mask->getImage();
 767               int x = (int) (img->s() * texCoord.x()) % img->s();
 768               int y = (int) (img->t() * texCoord.y()) % img->t();
 769
 770               // In some degenerate cases x or y can be < 1, in which case the mod operand fails
 771               while (x < 0) x += img->s();
 772               while (y < 0) y += img->t();
 773
 774               if (mt_rand(&seed) < img->getColor(x, y).b()) {
 775                 // Object passes mask. Rotation is taken from the red channel
 776                 rotation = img->getColor(x,y).r();
 777               } else {
 778                 // Fails mask test - try again.
 779                 mask_dropped++;
 780                 continue;
 781               }
 782             }
 783
 784             // Check building isn't too close to the triangle edge.
 785             float type_roll = mt_rand(&seed);
 786             SGBuildingBin::BuildingType buildingtype = bin->getBuildingType(type_roll);
 787             float radius = bin->getBuildingMaxRadius(buildingtype);
 788
 789             // Determine the actual center of the building, by shifting from the
 790             // center of the front face to the true center.
 791             osg::Matrix rotationMat = osg::Matrix::rotate(- rotation * M_PI * 2,
 792                                                  osg::Vec3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
 793             SGVec3f buildingCenter = randomPoint + toSG(osg::Vec3f(-0.5 * bin->getBuildingMaxDepth(buildingtype), 0.0, 0.0) * rotationMat);
 794
 795             SGVec3f p = buildingCenter - vorigin;
 796             float edges[] = { length(cross(p     , p - v0)) / length(v0),
 797                               length(cross(p - v0, p - v1)) / length(v1 - v0),
 798                               length(cross(p - v1, p     )) / length(v1)      };
 799             float edge_dist = *std::min_element(edges, edges + 3);
 800
 801             if (edge_dist < radius) {
 802               triangle_dropped++;
 803               continue;
 804             }
 805
 806             // Check building isn't too close to random objects and other buildings.
 807             bool close = false;
 808             std::vector<std::pair<SGVec3f, float> >::iterator iter;
 809
 810             for (iter = triangleBuildingList.begin(); iter != triangleBuildingList.end(); ++iter) {
 811               float min_dist = iter->second + radius;
 812               if (distSqr(iter->first, buildingCenter) < min_dist * min_dist) {
 813                 close = true;
 814                 continue;
 815               }
 816             }
 817
 818             if (close) {
 819               building_dropped++;
 820               continue;
 821             }
 822
 823             for (iter = triangleObjectsList.begin(); iter != triangleObjectsList.end(); ++iter) {
 824               float min_dist = iter->second + radius;
 825               if (distSqr(iter->first, buildingCenter) < min_dist * min_dist) {
 826                 close = true;
 827                 continue;
 828               }
 829             }
 830
 831             if (close) {
 832               random_dropped++;
 833               continue;
 834             }
 835
 836             std::pair<SGVec3f, float> pt = std::make_pair(buildingCenter, radius);
 837             triangleBuildingList.push_back(pt);
 838             bin->insert(randomPoint, rotation, buildingtype);
 839           }
 840         }
 841
 842         triangleObjectsList.clear();
 843         triangleBuildingList.clear();
 844       }
 845
 846       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "Random Buildings: " << ((bin) ? bin->getNumBuildings() : 0));
 847       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "  Dropped due to mask: " << mask_dropped);
 848       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "  Dropped due to random object: " << random_dropped);
 849       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "  Dropped due to other buildings: " << building_dropped);
 850     }
 851   }
 852
 853   void computeRandomForest(SGMaterialLib* matlib, float vegetation_density)
 854   {
 855     SGMaterialTriangleMap::iterator i;
 856
 857     // generate a repeatable random seed
 858     mt seed;
 859
 860     mt_init(&seed, unsigned(586));
 861
 862     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 863       SGMaterial *mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 864       if (!mat)
 865         continue;
 866
 867       float wood_coverage = mat->get_wood_coverage();
 868       if ((wood_coverage <= 0) || (vegetation_density <= 0))
 869         continue;
 870
 871       // Attributes that don't vary by tree but do vary by material
 872       bool found = false;
 873       TreeBin* bin = NULL;
 874
 875       BOOST_FOREACH(bin, randomForest)
 876       {
 877         if ((bin->texture           == mat->get_tree_texture()  ) &&
 878             (bin->texture_varieties == mat->get_tree_varieties()) &&
 879             (bin->range             == mat->get_tree_range()    ) &&
 880             (bin->width             == mat->get_tree_width()    ) &&
 881             (bin->height            == mat->get_tree_height()   )   ) {
 882             found = true;
 883             break;
 884         }
 885       }
 886
 887       if (!found) {
 888         bin = new TreeBin();
 889         bin->texture = mat->get_tree_texture();
 890           SG_LOG(SG_INPUT, SG_DEBUG, "Tree texture " << bin->texture);
 891         bin->range   = mat->get_tree_range();
 892         bin->width   = mat->get_tree_width();
 893         bin->height  = mat->get_tree_height();
 894         bin->texture_varieties = mat->get_tree_varieties();
 895         randomForest.push_back(bin);
 896       }
 897
 898       std::vector<SGVec3f> randomPoints;
 899       i->second.addRandomTreePoints(wood_coverage,
 900                                     mat->get_object_mask(i->second),
 901                                     vegetation_density,
 902                                     mat->get_cos_tree_max_density_slope_angle(),
 903                                     mat->get_cos_tree_zero_density_slope_angle(),
 904                                     randomPoints);
 905
 906       std::vector<SGVec3f>::iterator k;
 907       for (k = randomPoints.begin(); k != randomPoints.end(); ++k) {
 908         bin->insert(*k);
 909       }
 910     }
 911   }
 912
 913   bool insertBinObj(const SGBinObject& obj, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 914   {
 915     if (!insertPtGeometry(obj, matlib))
 916       return false;
 917     if (!insertSurfaceGeometry(obj, matlib))
 918       return false;
 919     return true;
 920   }
 921 };
 922
 923 typedef std::pair<osg::Node*, int> ModelLOD;
 924 struct MakeQuadLeaf {
 925     osg::LOD* operator() () const { return new osg::LOD; }
 926 };
 927 struct AddModelLOD {
 928     void operator() (osg::LOD* leaf, ModelLOD& mlod) const
 929     {
 930         leaf->addChild(mlod.first, 0, mlod.second);
 931     }
 932 };
 933 struct GetModelLODCoord {
 934     GetModelLODCoord() {}
 935     GetModelLODCoord(const GetModelLODCoord& rhs)
 936     {}
 937     osg::Vec3 operator() (const ModelLOD& mlod) const
 938     {
 939         return mlod.first->getBound().center();
 940     }
 941 };
 942
 943 typedef QuadTreeBuilder<osg::LOD*, ModelLOD, MakeQuadLeaf, AddModelLOD,
 944                         GetModelLODCoord>  RandomObjectsQuadtree;
 945
 946 class RandomObjectCallback : public OptionsReadFileCallback {
 947 public:
 948     virtual osgDB::ReaderWriter::ReadResult
 949     readNode(const std::string&, const osgDB::Options*)
 950     {
 951         osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> group = new osg::Group;
 952         group->setName("Random Object and Lighting Group");
 953         group->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
 954
 955         osg::Node* node = loadTerrain();
 956         if (node)
 957           group->addChild(node);
 958
 959         osg::LOD* lightLOD = generateLightingTileObjects();
 960         if (lightLOD)
 961           group->addChild(lightLOD);
 962
 963         osg::LOD* objectLOD = generateRandomTileObjects();
 964         if (objectLOD)
 965           group->addChild(objectLOD);
 966
 967         return group.release();
 968     }
 969
 970     // Load terrain if required
 971     osg::Node* loadTerrain()
 972     {
 973       if (! _loadterrain)
 974         return NULL;
 975
 976       SGBinObject tile;
 977       if (!tile.read_bin(_path))
 978         return NULL;
 979
 980       SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
 981       bool useVBOs = false;
 982       bool simplifyNear    = false;
 983       double ratio       = SG_SIMPLIFIER_RATIO;
 984       double maxLength   = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_LENGTH;
 985       double maxError    = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_ERROR;
 986
 987       if (_options) {
 988         matlib = _options->getMaterialLib();
 989         useVBOs = (_options->getPluginStringData("SimGear::USE_VBOS") == "ON");
 990         SGPropertyNode* propertyNode = _options->getPropertyNode().get();
 991         simplifyNear = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/enabled-near", simplifyNear);
 992         ratio = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/ratio", ratio);
 993         maxLength = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-length", maxLength);
 994         maxError = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-error", maxError);
 995       }
 996
 997       // PSADRO TODO : we can do this in terragear
 998       // - why not add a bitmask of flags to the btg so we can precompute this?
 999       // and only do it if it hasn't been done already
1000       SGVec3d center = tile.get_gbs_center();
1001       SGGeod geodPos = SGGeod::fromCart(center);
1002       SGQuatd hlOr = SGQuatd::fromLonLat(geodPos)*SGQuatd::fromEulerDeg(0, 0, 180);
1003
1004       // rotate the tiles so that the bounding boxes get nearly axis aligned.
1005       // this will help the collision tree's bounding boxes a bit ...
1006       std::vector<SGVec3d> nodes = tile.get_wgs84_nodes();
1007       for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i)
1008         nodes[i] = hlOr.transform(nodes[i]);
1009       tile.set_wgs84_nodes(nodes);
1010
1011       SGQuatf hlOrf(hlOr[0], hlOr[1], hlOr[2], hlOr[3]);
1012       std::vector<SGVec3f> normals = tile.get_normals();
1013       for (unsigned i = 0; i < normals.size(); ++i)
1014         normals[i] = hlOrf.transform(normals[i]);
1015       tile.set_normals(normals);
1016
1017       osg::ref_ptr<SGTileGeometryBin> tileGeometryBin = new SGTileGeometryBin;
1018
1019       if (!tileGeometryBin->insertBinObj(tile, matlib))
1020         return NULL;
1021
1022       osg::Node* node = tileGeometryBin->getSurfaceGeometry(matlib, useVBOs);
1023       if (node && simplifyNear) {
1024         osgUtil::Simplifier simplifier(ratio, maxError, maxLength);
1025         node->accept(simplifier);
1026       }
1027
1028       return node;
1029     }
1030
1031     // Generate all the lighting objects for the tile.
1032     osg::LOD* generateLightingTileObjects()
1033     {
1034       SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
1035
1036       if (_options)
1037         matlib = _options->getMaterialLib();
1038
1039       // FIXME: ugly, has a side effect
1040       if (matlib)
1041         _tileGeometryBin->computeRandomSurfaceLights(matlib);
1042
1043       GroundLightManager* lightManager = GroundLightManager::instance();
1044       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> lightGroup = new SGOffsetTransform(0.94);
1045       SGVec3f up(0, 0, 1);
1046
1047       if (_tileGeometryBin->tileLights.getNumLights() > 0
1048           || _tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights.getNumLights() > 0) {
1049         osg::Group* groundLights0 = new osg::Group;
1050         groundLights0->setStateSet(lightManager->getGroundLightStateSet());
1051         groundLights0->setNodeMask(GROUNDLIGHTS0_BIT);
1052         osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
1053         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->tileLights));
1054         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights, 4, -0.3f));
1055         groundLights0->addChild(geode);
1056         lightGroup->addChild(groundLights0);
1057       }
1058
1059       if (_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights.getNumLights() > 0) {
1060         osg::Group* groundLights1 = new osg::Group;
1061         groundLights1->setStateSet(lightManager->getGroundLightStateSet());
1062         groundLights1->setNodeMask(GROUNDLIGHTS1_BIT);
1063         osg::Group* groundLights2 = new osg::Group;
1064         groundLights2->setStateSet(lightManager->getGroundLightStateSet());
1065         groundLights2->setNodeMask(GROUNDLIGHTS2_BIT);
1066         osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
1067         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights, 2, -0.15f));
1068         groundLights1->addChild(geode);
1069         lightGroup->addChild(groundLights1);
1070         geode = new osg::Geode;
1071         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights));
1072         groundLights2->addChild(geode);
1073         lightGroup->addChild(groundLights2);
1074       }
1075
1076       if (!_tileGeometryBin->vasiLights.empty()) {
1077         EffectGeode* vasiGeode = new EffectGeode;
1078         Effect* vasiEffect
1079             = getLightEffect(24, osg::Vec3(1, 0.0001, 0.000001), 1, 24, true, _options);
1080         vasiGeode->setEffect(vasiEffect);
1081         SGVec4f red(1, 0, 0, 1);
1082         SGMaterial* mat = 0;
1083         if (matlib)
1084           mat = matlib->findCached("RWY_RED_LIGHTS");
1085         if (mat)
1086           red = mat->get_light_color();
1087         SGVec4f white(1, 1, 1, 1);
1088         mat = 0;
1089         if (matlib)
1090           mat = matlib->findCached("RWY_WHITE_LIGHTS");
1091         if (mat)
1092           white = mat->get_light_color();
1093         SGDirectionalLightListBin::const_iterator i;
1094         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->vasiLights.begin();
1095              i != _tileGeometryBin->vasiLights.end(); ++i) {
1096           vasiGeode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getVasi(up, *i, red, white));
1097         }
1098         vasiGeode->setStateSet(lightManager->getRunwayLightStateSet());
1099         lightGroup->addChild(vasiGeode);
1100       }
1101
1102       Effect* runwayEffect = 0;
1103       if (_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights.getNumLights() > 0
1104           || !_tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.empty()
1105           || !_tileGeometryBin->reilLights.empty()
1106           || !_tileGeometryBin->odalLights.empty()
1107           || _tileGeometryBin->taxiLights.getNumLights() > 0)
1108           runwayEffect = getLightEffect(16, osg::Vec3(1, 0.001, 0.0002), 1, 16, true, _options);
1109       if (_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights.getNumLights() > 0
1110           || !_tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.empty()
1111           || !_tileGeometryBin->reilLights.empty()
1112           || !_tileGeometryBin->odalLights.empty()
1113           || !_tileGeometryBin->holdshortLights.empty()
1114           || !_tileGeometryBin->guardLights.empty()) {
1115         osg::Group* rwyLights = new osg::Group;
1116         rwyLights->setStateSet(lightManager->getRunwayLightStateSet());
1117         rwyLights->setNodeMask(RUNWAYLIGHTS_BIT);
1118         if (_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights.getNumLights() != 0) {
1119           EffectGeode* geode = new EffectGeode;
1120           geode->setEffect(runwayEffect);
1121           geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights));
1122           rwyLights->addChild(geode);
1123         }
1124         SGDirectionalLightListBin::const_iterator i;
1125         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.begin();
1126              i != _tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.end(); ++i) {
1127           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getSequenced(*i, _options));
1128         }
1129         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->reilLights.begin();
1130              i != _tileGeometryBin->reilLights.end(); ++i) {
1131           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getSequenced(*i, _options));
1132         }
1133         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->holdshortLights.begin();
1134              i != _tileGeometryBin->holdshortLights.end(); ++i) {
1135           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getHoldShort(*i, _options));
1136         }
1137         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->guardLights.begin();
1138              i != _tileGeometryBin->guardLights.end(); ++i) {
1139           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getGuard(*i, _options));
1140         }
1141         SGLightListBin::const_iterator j;
1142         for (j = _tileGeometryBin->odalLights.begin();
1143              j != _tileGeometryBin->odalLights.end(); ++j) {
1144           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getOdal(*j, _options));
1145         }
1146         lightGroup->addChild(rwyLights);
1147       }
1148
1149       if (_tileGeometryBin->taxiLights.getNumLights() > 0) {
1150         osg::Group* taxiLights = new osg::Group;
1151         taxiLights->setStateSet(lightManager->getTaxiLightStateSet());
1152         taxiLights->setNodeMask(RUNWAYLIGHTS_BIT);
1153         EffectGeode* geode = new EffectGeode;
1154         geode->setEffect(runwayEffect);
1155         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->taxiLights));
1156         taxiLights->addChild(geode);
1157         lightGroup->addChild(taxiLights);
1158       }
1159
1160       osg::LOD* lightLOD = NULL;
1161
1162       if (lightGroup->getNumChildren() > 0) {
1163         lightLOD = new osg::LOD;
1164         lightLOD->addChild(lightGroup.get(), 0, 60000);
1165         // VASI is always on, so doesn't use light bits.
1166         lightLOD->setNodeMask(LIGHTS_BITS | MODEL_BIT | PERMANENTLIGHT_BIT);
1167       }
1168
1169       return lightLOD;
1170     }
1171
1172     // Generate all the random forest, objects and buildings for the tile
1173     osg::LOD* generateRandomTileObjects()
1174     {
1175       SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
1176       bool use_random_objects = false;
1177       bool use_random_vegetation = false;
1178       bool use_random_buildings = false;
1179       float vegetation_density = 1.0f;
1180       float building_density = 1.0f;
1181       bool useVBOs = false;
1182
1183       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> randomObjects;
1184       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> forestNode;
1185       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> buildingNode;
1186
1187       if (_options) {
1188         matlib = _options->getMaterialLib();
1189         SGPropertyNode* propertyNode = _options->getPropertyNode().get();
1190         if (propertyNode) {
1191             use_random_objects
1192                 = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/random-objects",
1193                                              use_random_objects);
1194             use_random_vegetation
1195                 = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/random-vegetation",
1196                                              use_random_vegetation);
1197             vegetation_density
1198                 = propertyNode->getFloatValue("/sim/rendering/vegetation-density",
1199                                               vegetation_density);
1200             use_random_buildings
1201                 = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/random-buildings",
1202                                              use_random_buildings);
1203             building_density
1204                 = propertyNode->getFloatValue("/sim/rendering/building-density",
1205                                               building_density);
1206         }
1207
1208         useVBOs = (_options->getPluginStringData("SimGear::USE_VBOS") == "ON");
1209       }
1210
1211
1212
1213       if (matlib && (use_random_objects || use_random_buildings)) {
1214         _tileGeometryBin->computeRandomObjectsAndBuildings(matlib,
1215                                                          building_density,
1216                                                          use_random_objects,
1217                                                          use_random_buildings,
1218                                                          useVBOs);
1219       }
1220
1221
1222       if (_tileGeometryBin->randomModels.getNumModels() > 0) {
1223         // Generate a repeatable random seed
1224         mt seed;
1225         mt_init(&seed, unsigned(123));
1226
1227         std::vector<ModelLOD> models;
1228         for (unsigned int i = 0;
1229              i < _tileGeometryBin->randomModels.getNumModels(); i++) {
1230           SGMatModelBin::MatModel obj
1231             = _tileGeometryBin->randomModels.getMatModel(i);
1232
1233           SGPropertyNode* root = _options->getPropertyNode()->getRootNode();
1234           osg::Node* node = obj.model->get_random_model(root, &seed);
1235
1236           // Create a matrix to place the object in the correct
1237           // location, and then apply the rotation matrix created
1238           // above, with an additional random (or taken from
1239           // the object mask) heading rotation if appropriate.
1240           osg::Matrix transformMat;
1241           transformMat = osg::Matrix::translate(toOsg(obj.position));
1242           if (obj.model->get_heading_type() == SGMatModel::HEADING_RANDOM) {
1243             // Rotate the object around the z axis.
1244             double hdg = mt_rand(&seed) * M_PI * 2;
1245             transformMat.preMult(osg::Matrix::rotate(hdg,
1246                                                      osg::Vec3d(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)));
1247           }
1248
1249           if (obj.model->get_heading_type() == SGMatModel::HEADING_MASK) {
1250             // Rotate the object around the z axis.
1251             double hdg =  - obj.rotation * M_PI * 2;
1252             transformMat.preMult(osg::Matrix::rotate(hdg,
1253                                                      osg::Vec3d(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)));
1254           }
1255
1256           osg::MatrixTransform* position =
1257             new osg::MatrixTransform(transformMat);
1258           position->setName("positionRandomModel");
1259           position->addChild(node);
1260           models.push_back(ModelLOD(position, obj.lod));
1261         }
1262         RandomObjectsQuadtree quadtree((GetModelLODCoord()), (AddModelLOD()));
1263         quadtree.buildQuadTree(models.begin(), models.end());
1264         randomObjects = quadtree.getRoot();
1265         randomObjects->setName("Random objects");
1266       }
1267
1268       if (! _tileGeometryBin->randomBuildings.empty()) {
1269         buildingNode = createRandomBuildings(_tileGeometryBin->randomBuildings, osg::Matrix::identity(),
1270                                     _options);
1271         buildingNode->setName("Random buildings");
1272         _tileGeometryBin->randomBuildings.clear();
1273       }
1274
1275       if (use_random_vegetation && matlib) {
1276         // Now add some random forest.
1277         _tileGeometryBin->computeRandomForest(matlib, vegetation_density);
1278
1279         if (! _tileGeometryBin->randomForest.empty()) {
1280           forestNode = createForest(_tileGeometryBin->randomForest, osg::Matrix::identity(),
1281                                     _options);
1282           forestNode->setName("Random trees");
1283         }
1284       }
1285
1286       osg::LOD* objectLOD = NULL;
1287
1288       if (randomObjects.valid() ||  forestNode.valid() || buildingNode.valid()) {
1289         objectLOD = new osg::LOD;
1290
1291         if (randomObjects.valid()) objectLOD->addChild(randomObjects.get(), 0, 20000);
1292         if (forestNode.valid())  objectLOD->addChild(forestNode.get(), 0, 20000);
1293         if (buildingNode.valid()) objectLOD->addChild(buildingNode.get(), 0, 20000);
1294
1295         unsigned nodeMask = SG_NODEMASK_CASTSHADOW_BIT | SG_NODEMASK_RECEIVESHADOW_BIT | SG_NODEMASK_TERRAIN_BIT;
1296         objectLOD->setNodeMask(nodeMask);
1297       }
1298
1299       return objectLOD;
1300     }
1301
1302     /// The original options to use for this bunch of models
1303     osg::ref_ptr<SGReaderWriterOptions> _options;
1304     osg::ref_ptr<SGTileGeometryBin> _tileGeometryBin;
1305     string _path;
1306     bool _loadterrain;
1307 };
1308
1309 osg::Node*
1310 SGLoadBTG(const std::string& path, const simgear::SGReaderWriterOptions* options)
1311 {
1312     SGBinObject tile;
1313     if (!tile.read_bin(path))
1314       return NULL;
1315
1316     SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
1317     bool useVBOs = false;
1318     bool simplifyDistant = false;
1319     bool simplifyNear    = false;
1320     double ratio       = SG_SIMPLIFIER_RATIO;
1321     double maxLength   = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_LENGTH;
1322     double maxError    = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_ERROR;
1323     double object_range = SG_OBJECT_RANGE;
1324
1325     if (options) {
1326       matlib = options->getMaterialLib();
1327       useVBOs = (options->getPluginStringData("SimGear::USE_VBOS") == "ON");
1328       SGPropertyNode* propertyNode = options->getPropertyNode().get();
1329
1330       // We control whether we simplify the nearby terrain and distant terrain separatey.
1331       // However, we don't allow only simplifying the near terrain!
1332       simplifyNear = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/enabled-near", simplifyNear);
1333       simplifyDistant = simplifyNear || propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/enabled-far", simplifyDistant);
1334       ratio = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/ratio", ratio);
1335       maxLength = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-length", maxLength);
1336       maxError = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-error", maxError);
1337                         object_range = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/static-lod/rough", object_range);
1338     }
1339
1340     SGVec3d center = tile.get_gbs_center();
1341     SGGeod geodPos = SGGeod::fromCart(center);
1342     SGQuatd hlOr = SGQuatd::fromLonLat(geodPos)*SGQuatd::fromEulerDeg(0, 0, 180);
1343
1344     // rotate the tiles so that the bounding boxes get nearly axis aligned.
1345     // this will help the collision tree's bounding boxes a bit ...
1346     std::vector<SGVec3d> nodes = tile.get_wgs84_nodes();
1347     for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i)
1348       nodes[i] = hlOr.transform(nodes[i]);
1349     tile.set_wgs84_nodes(nodes);
1350
1351     SGQuatf hlOrf(hlOr[0], hlOr[1], hlOr[2], hlOr[3]);
1352     std::vector<SGVec3f> normals = tile.get_normals();
1353     for (unsigned i = 0; i < normals.size(); ++i)
1354       normals[i] = hlOrf.transform(normals[i]);
1355     tile.set_normals(normals);
1356
1357     osg::ref_ptr<SGTileGeometryBin> tileGeometryBin = new SGTileGeometryBin;
1358
1359     if (!tileGeometryBin->insertBinObj(tile, matlib))
1360       return NULL;
1361
1362
1363     osg::Node* node = tileGeometryBin->getSurfaceGeometry(matlib, useVBOs);
1364     if (node && simplifyDistant) {
1365       osgUtil::Simplifier simplifier(ratio, maxError, maxLength);
1366       node->accept(simplifier);
1367     }
1368
1369     // The toplevel transform for that tile.
1370     osg::MatrixTransform* transform = new osg::MatrixTransform;
1371     transform->setName(path);
1372     transform->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(toOsg(hlOr))*
1373                          osg::Matrix::translate(toOsg(center)));
1374
1375     // PagedLOD for the random objects so we don't need to generate
1376     // them all on tile loading.
1377     osg::PagedLOD* pagedLOD = new osg::PagedLOD;
1378     pagedLOD->setCenterMode(osg::PagedLOD::USE_BOUNDING_SPHERE_CENTER);
1379     pagedLOD->setName("pagedObjectLOD");
1380
1381     if (node) {
1382       if (simplifyNear == simplifyDistant) {
1383         // Same terrain type is used for both near and far distances,
1384         // so add it to the main group.
1385         osg::Group* terrainGroup = new osg::Group;
1386         terrainGroup->setName("BTGTerrainGroup");
1387         terrainGroup->addChild(node);
1388         transform->addChild(terrainGroup);
1389       } else if (simplifyDistant) {
1390         // Simplified terrain is only used in the distance, the
1391         // call-back below will re-generate the closer version
1392         pagedLOD->addChild(node, object_range + SG_TILE_RADIUS, FLT_MAX);
1393       }
1394     }
1395
1396     // we just need to know about the read file callback that itself holds the data
1397     osg::ref_ptr<RandomObjectCallback> randomObjectCallback = new RandomObjectCallback;
1398     randomObjectCallback->_options = SGReaderWriterOptions::copyOrCreate(options);
1399     randomObjectCallback->_tileGeometryBin = tileGeometryBin;
1400     randomObjectCallback->_path = std::string(path);
1401     randomObjectCallback->_loadterrain = ! (simplifyNear == simplifyDistant);
1402
1403     osg::ref_ptr<osgDB::Options> callbackOptions = new osgDB::Options;
1404     callbackOptions->setReadFileCallback(randomObjectCallback.get());
1405     pagedLOD->setDatabaseOptions(callbackOptions.get());
1406
1407     pagedLOD->setFileName(pagedLOD->getNumChildren(), "Dummy name - use the stored data in the read file callback");
1408     pagedLOD->setRange(pagedLOD->getNumChildren(), 0, object_range + SG_TILE_RADIUS);
1409     transform->addChild(pagedLOD);
1410     transform->setNodeMask( ~simgear::MODELLIGHT_BIT );
1411
1412     return transform;
1413 }