simgear/scene/tgdb/obj.cxx

   1 // obj.cxx -- routines to handle loading scenery and building the plib
   2 //            scene graph.
   3 //
   4 // Written by Curtis Olson, started October 1997.
   5 //
   6 // Copyright (C) 1997  Curtis L. Olson  - http://www.flightgear.org/~curt
   7 //
   8 // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
   9 // modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  10 // published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
  11 // License, or (at your option) any later version.
  12 //
  13 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  14 // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  15 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  16 // General Public License for more details.
  17 //
  18 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  19 // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  20 // Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA.
  21 //
  22 // $Id$
  23
  24
  25 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
  26 #  include <simgear_config.h>
  27 #endif
  28
  29 #include "obj.hxx"
  30
  31 #include <simgear/compiler.h>
  32
  33 #include <osg/Fog>
  34 #include <osg/Geode>
  35 #include <osg/Geometry>
  36 #include <osg/Group>
  37 #include <osg/LOD>
  38 #include <osg/MatrixTransform>
  39 #include <osg/Point>
  40 #include <osg/Referenced>
  41 #include <osg/StateSet>
  42 #include <osg/Switch>
  43
  44 #include <osgUtil/Simplifier>
  45
  46 #include <boost/foreach.hpp>
  47
  48 #include <algorithm>
  49
  50 #include <simgear/debug/logstream.hxx>
  51 #include <simgear/io/sg_binobj.hxx>
  52 #include <simgear/math/sg_geodesy.hxx>
  53 #include <simgear/math/sg_random.h>
  54 #include <simgear/math/SGMisc.hxx>
  55 #include <simgear/scene/material/Effect.hxx>
  56 #include <simgear/scene/material/EffectGeode.hxx>
  57 #include <simgear/scene/material/mat.hxx>
  58 #include <simgear/scene/material/matmodel.hxx>
  59 #include <simgear/scene/material/matlib.hxx>
  60 #include <simgear/scene/model/SGOffsetTransform.hxx>
  61 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGUpdateVisitor.hxx>
  62 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGNodeMasks.hxx>
  63 #include <simgear/scene/util/QuadTreeBuilder.hxx>
  64 #include <simgear/scene/util/SGReaderWriterOptions.hxx>
  65 #include <simgear/scene/util/OptionsReadFileCallback.hxx>
  66
  67 #include "SGTexturedTriangleBin.hxx"
  68 #include "SGLightBin.hxx"
  69 #include "SGModelBin.hxx"
  70 #include "SGBuildingBin.hxx"
  71 #include "TreeBin.hxx"
  72 #include "SGDirectionalLightBin.hxx"
  73 #include "GroundLightManager.hxx"
  74
  75 #include "pt_lights.hxx"
  76
  77 #define SG_SIMPLIFIER_RATIO 0.001
  78 #define SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_LENGTH 1000.0
  79 #define SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_ERROR 2000.0
  80 #define SG_OBJECT_RANGE 9000.0
  81 #define SG_TILE_RADIUS 14000.0
  82
  83 using namespace simgear;
  84
  85 typedef std::map<std::string,SGTexturedTriangleBin> SGMaterialTriangleMap;
  86 typedef std::list<SGLightBin> SGLightListBin;
  87 typedef std::list<SGDirectionalLightBin> SGDirectionalLightListBin;
  88
  89 class SGTileGeometryBin : public osg::Referenced {
  90 public:
  91   SGMaterialTriangleMap materialTriangleMap;
  92   SGLightBin tileLights;
  93   SGLightBin randomTileLights;
  94   SGTreeBinList randomForest;
  95   SGDirectionalLightBin runwayLights;
  96   SGDirectionalLightBin taxiLights;
  97   SGDirectionalLightListBin vasiLights;
  98   SGDirectionalLightListBin rabitLights;
  99   SGLightListBin odalLights;
 100   SGDirectionalLightListBin holdshortLights;
 101   SGDirectionalLightListBin guardLights;
 102   SGDirectionalLightListBin reilLights;
 103   SGMatModelBin randomModels;
 104   SGBuildingBinList randomBuildings;
 105
 106   static SGVec4f
 107   getMaterialLightColor(const SGMaterial* material)
 108   {
 109     if (!material)
 110       return SGVec4f(1, 1, 1, 0.8);
 111     return material->get_light_color();
 112   }
 113
 114   static void
 115   addPointGeometry(SGLightBin& lights,
 116                    const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 117                    const SGVec4f& color,
 118                    const int_list& pts_v)
 119   {
 120     for (unsigned i = 0; i < pts_v.size(); ++i)
 121       lights.insert(toVec3f(vertices[pts_v[i]]), color);
 122   }
 123
 124   static void
 125   addPointGeometry(SGDirectionalLightBin& lights,
 126                    const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 127                    const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals,
 128                    const SGVec4f& color,
 129                    const int_list& pts_v,
 130                    const int_list& pts_n)
 131   {
 132     // If the normal indices match the vertex indices, use seperate
 133     // normal indices. Else reuse the vertex indices for the normals.
 134     if (pts_v.size() == pts_n.size()) {
 135       for (unsigned i = 0; i < pts_v.size(); ++i)
 136         lights.insert(toVec3f(vertices[pts_v[i]]), normals[pts_n[i]], color);
 137     } else {
 138       for (unsigned i = 0; i < pts_v.size(); ++i)
 139         lights.insert(toVec3f(vertices[pts_v[i]]), normals[pts_v[i]], color);
 140     }
 141   }
 142
 143   bool
 144   insertPtGeometry(const SGBinObject& obj, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 145   {
 146     if (obj.get_pts_v().size() != obj.get_pts_n().size()) {
 147       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 148              "Group list sizes for points do not match!");
 149       return false;
 150     }
 151
 152     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_pts_v().size(); ++grp) {
 153       std::string materialName = obj.get_pt_materials()[grp];
 154       SGMaterial* material = 0;
 155       if (matlib)
 156           material = matlib->findCached(materialName);
 157       SGVec4f color = getMaterialLightColor(material);
 158
 159       if (3 <= materialName.size() && materialName.substr(0, 3) != "RWY") {
 160         // Just plain lights. Not something for the runway.
 161         addPointGeometry(tileLights, obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), color,
 162                          obj.get_pts_v()[grp]);
 163       } else if (materialName == "RWY_BLUE_TAXIWAY_LIGHTS"
 164                  || materialName == "RWY_GREEN_TAXIWAY_LIGHTS") {
 165         addPointGeometry(taxiLights, obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), obj.get_normals(),
 166                          color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp], obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 167       } else if (materialName == "RWY_VASI_LIGHTS") {
 168         vasiLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 169         addPointGeometry(vasiLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 170                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 171                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 172       } else if (materialName == "RWY_SEQUENCED_LIGHTS") {
 173         rabitLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 174         addPointGeometry(rabitLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 175                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 176                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 177       } else if (materialName == "RWY_ODALS_LIGHTS") {
 178         odalLights.push_back(SGLightBin());
 179         addPointGeometry(odalLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 180                          color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp]);
 181       } else if (materialName == "RWY_YELLOW_PULSE_LIGHTS") {
 182         holdshortLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 183         addPointGeometry(holdshortLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 184                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 185                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 186       } else if (materialName == "RWY_GUARD_LIGHTS") {
 187         guardLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 188         addPointGeometry(guardLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 189                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 190                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 191       } else if (materialName == "RWY_REIL_LIGHTS") {
 192         reilLights.push_back(SGDirectionalLightBin());
 193         addPointGeometry(reilLights.back(), obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 194                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 195                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 196       } else {
 197         // what is left must be runway lights
 198         addPointGeometry(runwayLights, obj.get_wgs84_nodes(),
 199                          obj.get_normals(), color, obj.get_pts_v()[grp],
 200                          obj.get_pts_n()[grp]);
 201       }
 202     }
 203
 204     return true;
 205   }
 206
 207
 208   static SGVec2f
 209   getTexCoord(const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords, const int_list& tc,
 210               const SGVec2f& tcScale, unsigned i)
 211   {
 212     if (tc.empty())
 213       return tcScale;
 214     else if (tc.size() == 1)
 215       return mult(texCoords[tc[0]], tcScale);
 216     else
 217       return mult(texCoords[tc[i]], tcScale);
 218   }
 219
 220   static void
 221   addTriangleGeometry(SGTexturedTriangleBin& triangles,
 222                       const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 223                       const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals,
 224                       const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords,
 225                       const int_list& tris_v,
 226                       const int_list& tris_n,
 227                       const int_list& tris_tc,
 228                       const SGVec2f& tcScale)
 229   {
 230     if (tris_v.size() != tris_n.size()) {
 231       // If the normal indices do not match, they should be inmplicitly
 232       // the same than the vertex indices. So just call ourselves again
 233       // with the matching index vector.
 234       addTriangleGeometry(triangles, vertices, normals, texCoords,
 235                           tris_v, tris_v, tris_tc, tcScale);
 236       return;
 237     }
 238
 239     for (unsigned i = 2; i < tris_v.size(); i += 3) {
 240       SGVertNormTex v0;
 241       v0.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[tris_v[i-2]]);
 242       v0.normal = normals[tris_n[i-2]];
 243       v0.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc, tcScale, i-2);
 244       SGVertNormTex v1;
 245       v1.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[tris_v[i-1]]);
 246       v1.normal = normals[tris_n[i-1]];
 247       v1.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc, tcScale, i-1);
 248       SGVertNormTex v2;
 249       v2.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[tris_v[i]]);
 250       v2.normal = normals[tris_n[i]];
 251       v2.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, tris_tc, tcScale, i);
 252       triangles.insert(v0, v1, v2);
 253     }
 254   }
 255
 256   static void
 257   addStripGeometry(SGTexturedTriangleBin& triangles,
 258                    const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 259                    const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals,
 260                    const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords,
 261                    const int_list& strips_v,
 262                    const int_list& strips_n,
 263                    const int_list& strips_tc,
 264                    const SGVec2f& tcScale)
 265   {
 266     if (strips_v.size() != strips_n.size()) {
 267       // If the normal indices do not match, they should be inmplicitly
 268       // the same than the vertex indices. So just call ourselves again
 269       // with the matching index vector.
 270       addStripGeometry(triangles, vertices, normals, texCoords,
 271                        strips_v, strips_v, strips_tc, tcScale);
 272       return;
 273     }
 274
 275     for (unsigned i = 2; i < strips_v.size(); ++i) {
 276       SGVertNormTex v0;
 277       v0.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[strips_v[i-2]]);
 278       v0.normal = normals[strips_n[i-2]];
 279       v0.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc, tcScale, i-2);
 280       SGVertNormTex v1;
 281       v1.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[strips_v[i-1]]);
 282       v1.normal = normals[strips_n[i-1]];
 283       v1.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc, tcScale, i-1);
 284       SGVertNormTex v2;
 285       v2.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[strips_v[i]]);
 286       v2.normal = normals[strips_n[i]];
 287       v2.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, strips_tc, tcScale, i);
 288       if (i%2)
 289         triangles.insert(v1, v0, v2);
 290       else
 291         triangles.insert(v0, v1, v2);
 292     }
 293   }
 294
 295   static void
 296   addFanGeometry(SGTexturedTriangleBin& triangles,
 297                  const std::vector<SGVec3d>& vertices,
 298                  const std::vector<SGVec3f>& normals,
 299                  const std::vector<SGVec2f>& texCoords,
 300                  const int_list& fans_v,
 301                  const int_list& fans_n,
 302                  const int_list& fans_tc,
 303                  const SGVec2f& tcScale)
 304   {
 305     if (fans_v.size() != fans_n.size()) {
 306       // If the normal indices do not match, they should be implicitly
 307       // the same than the vertex indices. So just call ourselves again
 308       // with the matching index vector.
 309       addFanGeometry(triangles, vertices, normals, texCoords,
 310                      fans_v, fans_v, fans_tc, tcScale);
 311       return;
 312     }
 313
 314     SGVertNormTex v0;
 315     v0.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[fans_v[0]]);
 316     v0.normal = normals[fans_n[0]];
 317     v0.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc, tcScale, 0);
 318     SGVertNormTex v1;
 319     v1.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[fans_v[1]]);
 320     v1.normal = normals[fans_n[1]];
 321     v1.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc, tcScale, 1);
 322     for (unsigned i = 2; i < fans_v.size(); ++i) {
 323       SGVertNormTex v2;
 324       v2.vertex = toVec3f(vertices[fans_v[i]]);
 325       v2.normal = normals[fans_n[i]];
 326       v2.texCoord = getTexCoord(texCoords, fans_tc, tcScale, i);
 327       triangles.insert(v0, v1, v2);
 328       v1 = v2;
 329     }
 330   }
 331
 332   SGVec2f getTexCoordScale(const std::string& name, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 333   {
 334     if (!matlib)
 335       return SGVec2f(1, 1);
 336     SGMaterial* material = matlib->findCached(name);
 337     if (!material)
 338       return SGVec2f(1, 1);
 339
 340     return material->get_tex_coord_scale();
 341   }
 342
 343   bool
 344   insertSurfaceGeometry(const SGBinObject& obj, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 345   {
 346     if (obj.get_tris_n().size() < obj.get_tris_v().size() ||
 347         obj.get_tris_tc().size() < obj.get_tris_v().size()) {
 348       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 349              "Group list sizes for triangles do not match!");
 350       return false;
 351     }
 352
 353     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_tris_v().size(); ++grp) {
 354       std::string materialName = obj.get_tri_materials()[grp];
 355       SGVec2f tcScale = getTexCoordScale(materialName, matlib);
 356       addTriangleGeometry(materialTriangleMap[materialName],
 357                           obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), obj.get_normals(),
 358                           obj.get_texcoords(), obj.get_tris_v()[grp],
 359                           obj.get_tris_n()[grp], obj.get_tris_tc()[grp],
 360                           tcScale);
 361     }
 362
 363     if (obj.get_strips_n().size() < obj.get_strips_v().size() ||
 364         obj.get_strips_tc().size() < obj.get_strips_v().size()) {
 365       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 366              "Group list sizes for strips do not match!");
 367       return false;
 368     }
 369     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_strips_v().size(); ++grp) {
 370       std::string materialName = obj.get_strip_materials()[grp];
 371       SGVec2f tcScale = getTexCoordScale(materialName, matlib);
 372       addStripGeometry(materialTriangleMap[materialName],
 373                        obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), obj.get_normals(),
 374                        obj.get_texcoords(), obj.get_strips_v()[grp],
 375                        obj.get_strips_n()[grp], obj.get_strips_tc()[grp],
 376                        tcScale);
 377     }
 378
 379     if (obj.get_fans_n().size() < obj.get_fans_v().size() ||
 380         obj.get_fans_tc().size() < obj.get_fans_v().size()) {
 381       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_ALERT,
 382              "Group list sizes for fans do not match!");
 383       return false;
 384     }
 385     for (unsigned grp = 0; grp < obj.get_fans_v().size(); ++grp) {
 386       std::string materialName = obj.get_fan_materials()[grp];
 387       SGVec2f tcScale = getTexCoordScale(materialName, matlib);
 388       addFanGeometry(materialTriangleMap[materialName],
 389                      obj.get_wgs84_nodes(), obj.get_normals(),
 390                      obj.get_texcoords(), obj.get_fans_v()[grp],
 391                      obj.get_fans_n()[grp], obj.get_fans_tc()[grp],
 392                      tcScale);
 393     }
 394     return true;
 395   }
 396
 397   osg::Node* getSurfaceGeometry(SGMaterialLib* matlib, bool useVBOs) const
 398   {
 399     if (materialTriangleMap.empty())
 400       return 0;
 401
 402     EffectGeode* eg = 0;
 403     osg::Group* group = (materialTriangleMap.size() > 1 ? new osg::Group : 0);
 404     //osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
 405     SGMaterialTriangleMap::const_iterator i;
 406     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 407       osg::Geometry* geometry = i->second.buildGeometry(useVBOs);
 408       SGMaterial *mat = 0;
 409       if (matlib)
 410         mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 411       eg = new EffectGeode;
 412       eg->setName("EffectGeode");
 413       if (mat)
 414         eg->setEffect(mat->get_effect(i->second));
 415       eg->addDrawable(geometry);
 416       eg->runGenerators(geometry);  // Generate extra data needed by effect
 417       if (group) {
 418         group->setName("surfaceGeometryGroup");
 419         group->addChild(eg);
 420       }
 421     }
 422     if (group)
 423         return group;
 424     else
 425         return eg;
 426   }
 427
 428   void computeRandomSurfaceLights(SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 429   {
 430     SGMaterialTriangleMap::iterator i;
 431
 432     // generate a repeatable random seed
 433     mt seed;
 434     mt_init(&seed, unsigned(123));
 435
 436     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 437       SGMaterial *mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 438       if (!mat)
 439         continue;
 440
 441       float coverage = mat->get_light_coverage();
 442       if (coverage <= 0)
 443         continue;
 444       if (coverage < 10000.0) {
 445         SG_LOG(SG_INPUT, SG_ALERT, "Light coverage is "
 446                << coverage << ", pushing up to 10000");
 447         coverage = 10000;
 448       }
 449
 450       std::vector<SGVec3f> randomPoints;
 451       i->second.addRandomSurfacePoints(coverage, 3, mat->get_object_mask(i->second), randomPoints);
 452       std::vector<SGVec3f>::iterator j;
 453       for (j = randomPoints.begin(); j != randomPoints.end(); ++j) {
 454         float zombie = mt_rand(&seed);
 455         // factor = sg_random() ^ 2, range = 0 .. 1 concentrated towards 0
 456         float factor = mt_rand(&seed);
 457         factor *= factor;
 458
 459         float bright = 1;
 460         SGVec4f color;
 461         if ( zombie > 0.5 ) {
 462           // 50% chance of yellowish
 463           color = SGVec4f(0.9f, 0.9f, 0.3f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 464         } else if (zombie > 0.15f) {
 465           // 35% chance of whitish
 466           color = SGVec4f(0.9, 0.9f, 0.8f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 467         } else if (zombie > 0.05f) {
 468           // 10% chance of orangish
 469           color = SGVec4f(0.9f, 0.6f, 0.2f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 470         } else {
 471           // 5% chance of redish
 472           color = SGVec4f(0.9f, 0.2f, 0.2f, bright - factor * 0.2f);
 473         }
 474         randomTileLights.insert(*j, color);
 475       }
 476     }
 477   }
 478
 479   void computeRandomObjectsAndBuildings(
 480     SGMaterialLib* matlib,
 481     float building_density,
 482     bool use_random_objects,
 483     bool use_random_buildings,
 484     bool useVBOs)
 485   {
 486     SGMaterialTriangleMap::iterator i;
 487
 488     // generate a repeatable random seed
 489     mt seed;
 490     mt_init(&seed, unsigned(123));
 491
 492     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 493       SGMaterial *mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 494       SGTexturedTriangleBin triangleBin = i->second;
 495
 496       if (!mat)
 497         continue;
 498
 499       osg::Texture2D* object_mask  = mat->get_object_mask(triangleBin);
 500
 501       int   group_count            = mat->get_object_group_count();
 502       float building_coverage      = mat->get_building_coverage();
 503       float cos_zero_density_angle = mat->get_cos_object_zero_density_slope_angle();
 504       float cos_max_density_angle  = mat->get_cos_object_max_density_slope_angle();
 505
 506       if (building_coverage == 0)
 507          continue;
 508
 509       SGBuildingBin* bin = NULL;
 510
 511       if (building_coverage > 0) {
 512         bin = new SGBuildingBin(mat, useVBOs);
 513         randomBuildings.push_back(bin);
 514       }
 515
 516       unsigned num = i->second.getNumTriangles();
 517       int random_dropped = 0;
 518       int mask_dropped = 0;
 519       int building_dropped = 0;
 520       int triangle_dropped = 0;
 521
 522       for (unsigned i = 0; i < num; ++i) {
 523         SGTexturedTriangleBin::triangle_ref triangleRef = triangleBin.getTriangleRef(i);
 524
 525         SGVec3f vorigin = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[0]).vertex;
 526         SGVec3f v0 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[1]).vertex - vorigin;
 527         SGVec3f v1 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[2]).vertex - vorigin;
 528         SGVec2f torigin = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[0]).texCoord;
 529         SGVec2f t0 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[1]).texCoord - torigin;
 530         SGVec2f t1 = triangleBin.getVertex(triangleRef[2]).texCoord - torigin;
 531         SGVec3f normal = cross(v0, v1);
 532
 533         // Ensure the slope isn't too steep by checking the
 534         // cos of the angle between the slope normal and the
 535         // vertical (conveniently the z-component of the normalized
 536         // normal) and values passed in.
 537         float cos = normalize(normal).z();
 538         float slope_density = 1.0;
 539         if (cos < cos_zero_density_angle) continue; // Too steep for any objects
 540         if (cos < cos_max_density_angle) {
 541           slope_density =
 542             (cos - cos_zero_density_angle) /
 543             (cos_max_density_angle - cos_zero_density_angle);
 544         }
 545
 546         // Containers to hold the random buildings and objects generated
 547         // for this triangle for collision detection purposes.
 548         std::vector< std::pair< SGVec3f, float> > triangleObjectsList;
 549         std::vector< std::pair< SGVec3f, float> > triangleBuildingList;
 550
 551         // Compute the area
 552         float area = 0.5f*length(normal);
 553         if (area <= SGLimitsf::min())
 554           continue;
 555
 556         // Generate any random objects
 557         if (use_random_objects && (group_count > 0))
 558         {
 559           for (int j = 0; j < group_count; j++)
 560           {
 561             SGMatModelGroup *object_group =  mat->get_object_group(j);
 562             int nObjects = object_group->get_object_count();
 563
 564             if (nObjects == 0) continue;
 565
 566             // For each of the random models in the group, determine an appropriate
 567             // number of random placements and insert them.
 568             for (int k = 0; k < nObjects; k++) {
 569               SGMatModel * object = object_group->get_object(k);
 570
 571               // Determine the number of objecst to place, taking into account
 572               // the slope density factor.
 573               double n = slope_density * area / object->get_coverage_m2();
 574
 575               // Use the zombie door method to determine fractional object placement.
 576               n = n + mt_rand(&seed);
 577
 578               // place an object each unit of area
 579               while ( n > 1.0 ) {
 580                 float a = mt_rand(&seed);
 581                 float b = mt_rand(&seed);
 582                 if ( a + b > 1 ) {
 583                   a = 1 - a;
 584                   b = 1 - b;
 585                 }
 586
 587                 SGVec3f randomPoint = vorigin + a*v0 + b*v1;
 588                 float rotation = static_cast<float>(mt_rand(&seed));
 589
 590                 // Check that the point is sufficiently far from
 591                 // the edge of the triangle by measuring the distance
 592                 // from the three lines that make up the triangle.
 593                 float spacing = object->get_spacing_m();
 594
 595                 SGVec3f p = randomPoint - vorigin;
 596                 float edges[] = { length(cross(p     , p - v0)) / length(v0),
 597                                   length(cross(p - v0, p - v1)) / length(v1 - v0),
 598                                   length(cross(p - v1, p     )) / length(v1)      };
 599                 float edge_dist = *std::min_element(edges, edges + 3);
 600
 601                 if (edge_dist < spacing) {
 602                   n -= 1.0;
 603                   continue;
 604                 }
 605
 606                 if (object_mask != NULL) {
 607                   SGVec2f texCoord = torigin + a*t0 + b*t1;
 608
 609                   // Check this random point against the object mask
 610                   // blue (for buildings) channel.
 611                   osg::Image* img = object_mask->getImage();
 612                   unsigned int x = (int) (img->s() * texCoord.x()) % img->s();
 613                   unsigned int y = (int) (img->t() * texCoord.y()) % img->t();
 614
 615                   if (mt_rand(&seed) > img->getColor(x, y).b()) {
 616                     // Failed object mask check
 617                     n -= 1.0;
 618                     continue;
 619                   }
 620
 621                   rotation = img->getColor(x,y).r();
 622                 }
 623
 624                 bool close = false;
 625
 626                 // Check it isn't too close to any other random objects in the triangle
 627                 std::vector<std::pair<SGVec3f, float> >::iterator l;
 628                 for (l = triangleObjectsList.begin(); l != triangleObjectsList.end(); ++l) {
 629                   float min_dist2 = (l->second + object->get_spacing_m()) *
 630                                     (l->second + object->get_spacing_m());
 631
 632                   if (distSqr(l->first, randomPoint) > min_dist2) {
 633                     close = true;
 634                     continue;
 635                   }
 636                 }
 637
 638                 if (!close) {
 639                     triangleObjectsList.push_back(std::make_pair(randomPoint, object->get_spacing_m()));
 640                     randomModels.insert(randomPoint,
 641                                         object,
 642                                         (int)object->get_randomized_range_m(&seed),
 643                                         rotation);
 644                 }
 645               }
 646             }
 647           }
 648         }
 649
 650         // Random objects now generated.  Now generate the random buildings (if any);
 651         if (use_random_buildings && (building_coverage > 0) && (building_density > 0)) {
 652
 653           // Calculate the number of buildings, taking into account building density (which is linear)
 654           // and the slope density factor.
 655           double num = building_density * building_density * slope_density * area / building_coverage;
 656
 657           // For partial units of area, use a zombie door method to
 658           // create the proper random chance of an object being created
 659           // for this triangle.
 660           num = num + mt_rand(&seed);
 661
 662           if (num < 1.0f) {
 663             continue;
 664           }
 665
 666           // Cosine of the angle between the two vectors.
 667           float cosine = (dot(v0, v1) / (length(v0) * length(v1)));
 668
 669           // Determine a grid spacing in each vector such that the correct
 670           // coverage will result.
 671           float stepv0 = (sqrtf(building_coverage) / building_density) / length(v0) / sqrtf(1 - cosine * cosine);
 672           float stepv1 = (sqrtf(building_coverage) / building_density) / length(v1);
 673
 674           stepv0 = std::min(stepv0, 1.0f);
 675           stepv1 = std::min(stepv1, 1.0f);
 676
 677           // Start at a random point. a will be immediately incremented below.
 678           float a = -mt_rand(&seed) * stepv0;
 679           float b = mt_rand(&seed) * stepv1;
 680
 681           // Place an object each unit of area
 682           while (num > 1.0) {
 683             num -= 1.0;
 684
 685             // Set the next location to place a building
 686             a += stepv0;
 687
 688             if ((a + b) > 1.0f) {
 689               // Reached the end of the scan-line on v0. Reset and increment
 690               // scan-line on v1
 691               a = mt_rand(&seed) * stepv0;
 692               b += stepv1;
 693             }
 694
 695             if (b > 1.0f) {
 696               // In a degenerate case of a single point, we might be outside the
 697               // scanline.  Note that we need to still ensure that a+b < 1.
 698               b = mt_rand(&seed) * stepv1 * (1.0f - a);
 699             }
 700
 701             if ((a + b) > 1.0f ) {
 702               // Truly degenerate case - simply choose a random point guaranteed
 703               // to fulfil the constraing of a+b < 1.
 704               a = mt_rand(&seed);
 705               b = mt_rand(&seed) * (1.0f - a);
 706             }
 707
 708             SGVec3f randomPoint = vorigin + a*v0 + b*v1;
 709             float rotation = mt_rand(&seed);
 710
 711             if (object_mask != NULL) {
 712               SGVec2f texCoord = torigin + a*t0 + b*t1;
 713               osg::Image* img = object_mask->getImage();
 714               int x = (int) (img->s() * texCoord.x()) % img->s();
 715               int y = (int) (img->t() * texCoord.y()) % img->t();
 716
 717               // In some degenerate cases x or y can be < 1, in which case the mod operand fails
 718               while (x < 0) x += img->s();
 719               while (y < 0) y += img->t();
 720
 721               if (mt_rand(&seed) < img->getColor(x, y).b()) {
 722                 // Object passes mask. Rotation is taken from the red channel
 723                 rotation = img->getColor(x,y).r();
 724               } else {
 725                 // Fails mask test - try again.
 726                 mask_dropped++;
 727                 continue;
 728               }
 729             }
 730
 731             // Check building isn't too close to the triangle edge.
 732             float type_roll = mt_rand(&seed);
 733             SGBuildingBin::BuildingType buildingtype = bin->getBuildingType(type_roll);
 734             float radius = bin->getBuildingMaxRadius(buildingtype);
 735
 736             // Determine the actual center of the building, by shifting from the
 737             // center of the front face to the true center.
 738             osg::Matrix rotationMat = osg::Matrix::rotate(- rotation * M_PI * 2,
 739                                                  osg::Vec3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
 740             SGVec3f buildingCenter = randomPoint + toSG(osg::Vec3f(-0.5 * bin->getBuildingMaxDepth(buildingtype), 0.0, 0.0) * rotationMat);
 741
 742             SGVec3f p = buildingCenter - vorigin;
 743             float edges[] = { length(cross(p     , p - v0)) / length(v0),
 744                               length(cross(p - v0, p - v1)) / length(v1 - v0),
 745                               length(cross(p - v1, p     )) / length(v1)      };
 746             float edge_dist = *std::min_element(edges, edges + 3);
 747
 748             if (edge_dist < radius) {
 749               triangle_dropped++;
 750               continue;
 751             }
 752
 753             // Check building isn't too close to random objects and other buildings.
 754             bool close = false;
 755             std::vector<std::pair<SGVec3f, float> >::iterator iter;
 756
 757             for (iter = triangleBuildingList.begin(); iter != triangleBuildingList.end(); ++iter) {
 758               float min_dist = iter->second + radius;
 759               if (distSqr(iter->first, buildingCenter) < min_dist * min_dist) {
 760                 close = true;
 761                 continue;
 762               }
 763             }
 764
 765             if (close) {
 766               building_dropped++;
 767               continue;
 768             }
 769
 770             for (iter = triangleObjectsList.begin(); iter != triangleObjectsList.end(); ++iter) {
 771               float min_dist = iter->second + radius;
 772               if (distSqr(iter->first, buildingCenter) < min_dist * min_dist) {
 773                 close = true;
 774                 continue;
 775               }
 776             }
 777
 778             if (close) {
 779               random_dropped++;
 780               continue;
 781             }
 782
 783             std::pair<SGVec3f, float> pt = std::make_pair(buildingCenter, radius);
 784             triangleBuildingList.push_back(pt);
 785             bin->insert(randomPoint, rotation, buildingtype);
 786           }
 787         }
 788
 789         triangleObjectsList.clear();
 790         triangleBuildingList.clear();
 791       }
 792
 793       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "Random Buildings: " << ((bin) ? bin->getNumBuildings() : 0));
 794       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "  Dropped due to mask: " << mask_dropped);
 795       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "  Dropped due to random object: " << random_dropped);
 796       SG_LOG(SG_TERRAIN, SG_DEBUG, "  Dropped due to other buildings: " << building_dropped);
 797     }
 798   }
 799
 800   void computeRandomForest(SGMaterialLib* matlib, float vegetation_density)
 801   {
 802     SGMaterialTriangleMap::iterator i;
 803
 804     // generate a repeatable random seed
 805     mt seed;
 806
 807     mt_init(&seed, unsigned(586));
 808
 809     for (i = materialTriangleMap.begin(); i != materialTriangleMap.end(); ++i) {
 810       SGMaterial *mat = matlib->findCached(i->first);
 811       if (!mat)
 812         continue;
 813
 814       float wood_coverage = mat->get_wood_coverage();
 815       if ((wood_coverage <= 0) || (vegetation_density <= 0))
 816         continue;
 817
 818       // Attributes that don't vary by tree but do vary by material
 819       bool found = false;
 820       TreeBin* bin = NULL;
 821
 822       BOOST_FOREACH(bin, randomForest)
 823       {
 824         if ((bin->texture           == mat->get_tree_texture()  ) &&
 825             (bin->texture_varieties == mat->get_tree_varieties()) &&
 826             (bin->range             == mat->get_tree_range()    ) &&
 827             (bin->width             == mat->get_tree_width()    ) &&
 828             (bin->height            == mat->get_tree_height()   )   ) {
 829             found = true;
 830             break;
 831         }
 832       }
 833
 834       if (!found) {
 835         bin = new TreeBin();
 836         bin->texture = mat->get_tree_texture();
 837           SG_LOG(SG_INPUT, SG_DEBUG, "Tree texture " << bin->texture);
 838         bin->range   = mat->get_tree_range();
 839         bin->width   = mat->get_tree_width();
 840         bin->height  = mat->get_tree_height();
 841         bin->texture_varieties = mat->get_tree_varieties();
 842         randomForest.push_back(bin);
 843       }
 844
 845       std::vector<SGVec3f> randomPoints;
 846       i->second.addRandomTreePoints(wood_coverage,
 847                                     mat->get_object_mask(i->second),
 848                                     vegetation_density,
 849                                     mat->get_cos_tree_max_density_slope_angle(),
 850                                     mat->get_cos_tree_zero_density_slope_angle(),
 851                                     randomPoints);
 852
 853       std::vector<SGVec3f>::iterator k;
 854       for (k = randomPoints.begin(); k != randomPoints.end(); ++k) {
 855         bin->insert(*k);
 856       }
 857     }
 858   }
 859
 860   bool insertBinObj(const SGBinObject& obj, SGMaterialLib* matlib)
 861   {
 862     if (!insertPtGeometry(obj, matlib))
 863       return false;
 864     if (!insertSurfaceGeometry(obj, matlib))
 865       return false;
 866     return true;
 867   }
 868 };
 869
 870 typedef std::pair<osg::Node*, int> ModelLOD;
 871 struct MakeQuadLeaf {
 872     osg::LOD* operator() () const { return new osg::LOD; }
 873 };
 874 struct AddModelLOD {
 875     void operator() (osg::LOD* leaf, ModelLOD& mlod) const
 876     {
 877         leaf->addChild(mlod.first, 0, mlod.second);
 878     }
 879 };
 880 struct GetModelLODCoord {
 881     GetModelLODCoord() {}
 882     GetModelLODCoord(const GetModelLODCoord& rhs)
 883     {}
 884     osg::Vec3 operator() (const ModelLOD& mlod) const
 885     {
 886         return mlod.first->getBound().center();
 887     }
 888 };
 889
 890 typedef QuadTreeBuilder<osg::LOD*, ModelLOD, MakeQuadLeaf, AddModelLOD,
 891                         GetModelLODCoord>  RandomObjectsQuadtree;
 892
 893 class RandomObjectCallback : public OptionsReadFileCallback {
 894 public:
 895     virtual osgDB::ReaderWriter::ReadResult
 896     readNode(const std::string&, const osgDB::Options*)
 897     {
 898         osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> group = new osg::Group;
 899         group->setName("Random Object and Lighting Group");
 900         group->setDataVariance(osg::Object::STATIC);
 901
 902         osg::Node* node = loadTerrain();
 903         if (node)
 904           group->addChild(node);
 905
 906         osg::LOD* lightLOD = generateLightingTileObjects();
 907         if (lightLOD)
 908           group->addChild(lightLOD);
 909
 910         osg::LOD* objectLOD = generateRandomTileObjects();
 911         if (objectLOD)
 912           group->addChild(objectLOD);
 913
 914         return group.release();
 915     }
 916
 917     // Load terrain if required
 918     osg::Node* loadTerrain()
 919     {
 920       if (! _loadterrain)
 921         return NULL;
 922
 923       SGBinObject tile;
 924       if (!tile.read_bin(_path))
 925         return NULL;
 926
 927       SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
 928       bool useVBOs = false;
 929       bool simplifyNear    = false;
 930       double ratio       = SG_SIMPLIFIER_RATIO;
 931       double maxLength   = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_LENGTH;
 932       double maxError    = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_ERROR;
 933
 934       if (_options) {
 935         matlib = _options->getMaterialLib();
 936         useVBOs = (_options->getPluginStringData("SimGear::USE_VBOS") == "ON");
 937         SGPropertyNode* propertyNode = _options->getPropertyNode().get();
 938         simplifyNear = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/enabled-near", simplifyNear);
 939         ratio = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/ratio", ratio);
 940         maxLength = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-length", maxLength);
 941         maxError = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-error", maxError);
 942       }
 943
 944       SGVec3d center = tile.get_gbs_center();
 945       SGGeod geodPos = SGGeod::fromCart(center);
 946       SGQuatd hlOr = SGQuatd::fromLonLat(geodPos)*SGQuatd::fromEulerDeg(0, 0, 180);
 947
 948       // rotate the tiles so that the bounding boxes get nearly axis aligned.
 949       // this will help the collision tree's bounding boxes a bit ...
 950       std::vector<SGVec3d> nodes = tile.get_wgs84_nodes();
 951       for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i)
 952         nodes[i] = hlOr.transform(nodes[i]);
 953       tile.set_wgs84_nodes(nodes);
 954
 955       SGQuatf hlOrf(hlOr[0], hlOr[1], hlOr[2], hlOr[3]);
 956       std::vector<SGVec3f> normals = tile.get_normals();
 957       for (unsigned i = 0; i < normals.size(); ++i)
 958         normals[i] = hlOrf.transform(normals[i]);
 959       tile.set_normals(normals);
 960
 961       osg::ref_ptr<SGTileGeometryBin> tileGeometryBin = new SGTileGeometryBin;
 962
 963       if (!tileGeometryBin->insertBinObj(tile, matlib))
 964         return NULL;
 965
 966       osg::Node* node = tileGeometryBin->getSurfaceGeometry(matlib, useVBOs);
 967       if (node && simplifyNear) {
 968         osgUtil::Simplifier simplifier(ratio, maxError, maxLength);
 969         node->accept(simplifier);
 970       }
 971
 972       return node;
 973     }
 974
 975     // Generate all the lighting objects for the tile.
 976     osg::LOD* generateLightingTileObjects()
 977     {
 978       SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
 979
 980       if (_options)
 981         matlib = _options->getMaterialLib();
 982
 983       // FIXME: ugly, has a side effect
 984       if (matlib)
 985         _tileGeometryBin->computeRandomSurfaceLights(matlib);
 986
 987       GroundLightManager* lightManager = GroundLightManager::instance();
 988       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> lightGroup = new SGOffsetTransform(0.94);
 989       SGVec3f up(0, 0, 1);
 990
 991       if (_tileGeometryBin->tileLights.getNumLights() > 0
 992           || _tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights.getNumLights() > 0) {
 993         osg::Group* groundLights0 = new osg::Group;
 994         groundLights0->setStateSet(lightManager->getGroundLightStateSet());
 995         groundLights0->setNodeMask(GROUNDLIGHTS0_BIT);
 996         osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
 997         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->tileLights));
 998         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights, 4, -0.3f));
 999         groundLights0->addChild(geode);
1000         lightGroup->addChild(groundLights0);
1001       }
1002
1003       if (_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights.getNumLights() > 0) {
1004         osg::Group* groundLights1 = new osg::Group;
1005         groundLights1->setStateSet(lightManager->getGroundLightStateSet());
1006         groundLights1->setNodeMask(GROUNDLIGHTS1_BIT);
1007         osg::Group* groundLights2 = new osg::Group;
1008         groundLights2->setStateSet(lightManager->getGroundLightStateSet());
1009         groundLights2->setNodeMask(GROUNDLIGHTS2_BIT);
1010         osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode;
1011         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights, 2, -0.15f));
1012         groundLights1->addChild(geode);
1013         lightGroup->addChild(groundLights1);
1014         geode = new osg::Geode;
1015         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->randomTileLights));
1016         groundLights2->addChild(geode);
1017         lightGroup->addChild(groundLights2);
1018       }
1019
1020       if (!_tileGeometryBin->vasiLights.empty()) {
1021         EffectGeode* vasiGeode = new EffectGeode;
1022         Effect* vasiEffect
1023             = getLightEffect(24, osg::Vec3(1, 0.0001, 0.000001), 1, 24, true, _options);
1024         vasiGeode->setEffect(vasiEffect);
1025         SGVec4f red(1, 0, 0, 1);
1026         SGMaterial* mat = 0;
1027         if (matlib)
1028           mat = matlib->findCached("RWY_RED_LIGHTS");
1029         if (mat)
1030           red = mat->get_light_color();
1031         SGVec4f white(1, 1, 1, 1);
1032         mat = 0;
1033         if (matlib)
1034           mat = matlib->findCached("RWY_WHITE_LIGHTS");
1035         if (mat)
1036           white = mat->get_light_color();
1037         SGDirectionalLightListBin::const_iterator i;
1038         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->vasiLights.begin();
1039              i != _tileGeometryBin->vasiLights.end(); ++i) {
1040           vasiGeode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getVasi(up, *i, red, white));
1041         }
1042         vasiGeode->setStateSet(lightManager->getRunwayLightStateSet());
1043         lightGroup->addChild(vasiGeode);
1044       }
1045
1046       Effect* runwayEffect = 0;
1047       if (_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights.getNumLights() > 0
1048           || !_tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.empty()
1049           || !_tileGeometryBin->reilLights.empty()
1050           || !_tileGeometryBin->odalLights.empty()
1051           || _tileGeometryBin->taxiLights.getNumLights() > 0)
1052           runwayEffect = getLightEffect(16, osg::Vec3(1, 0.001, 0.0002), 1, 16, true, _options);
1053       if (_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights.getNumLights() > 0
1054           || !_tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.empty()
1055           || !_tileGeometryBin->reilLights.empty()
1056           || !_tileGeometryBin->odalLights.empty()
1057           || !_tileGeometryBin->holdshortLights.empty()
1058           || !_tileGeometryBin->guardLights.empty()) {
1059         osg::Group* rwyLights = new osg::Group;
1060         rwyLights->setStateSet(lightManager->getRunwayLightStateSet());
1061         rwyLights->setNodeMask(RUNWAYLIGHTS_BIT);
1062         if (_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights.getNumLights() != 0) {
1063           EffectGeode* geode = new EffectGeode;
1064           geode->setEffect(runwayEffect);
1065           geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->runwayLights));
1066           rwyLights->addChild(geode);
1067         }
1068         SGDirectionalLightListBin::const_iterator i;
1069         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.begin();
1070              i != _tileGeometryBin->rabitLights.end(); ++i) {
1071           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getSequenced(*i, _options));
1072         }
1073         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->reilLights.begin();
1074              i != _tileGeometryBin->reilLights.end(); ++i) {
1075           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getSequenced(*i, _options));
1076         }
1077         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->holdshortLights.begin();
1078              i != _tileGeometryBin->holdshortLights.end(); ++i) {
1079           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getHoldShort(*i, _options));
1080         }
1081         for (i = _tileGeometryBin->guardLights.begin();
1082              i != _tileGeometryBin->guardLights.end(); ++i) {
1083           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getGuard(*i, _options));
1084         }
1085         SGLightListBin::const_iterator j;
1086         for (j = _tileGeometryBin->odalLights.begin();
1087              j != _tileGeometryBin->odalLights.end(); ++j) {
1088           rwyLights->addChild(SGLightFactory::getOdal(*j, _options));
1089         }
1090         lightGroup->addChild(rwyLights);
1091       }
1092
1093       if (_tileGeometryBin->taxiLights.getNumLights() > 0) {
1094         osg::Group* taxiLights = new osg::Group;
1095         taxiLights->setStateSet(lightManager->getTaxiLightStateSet());
1096         taxiLights->setNodeMask(RUNWAYLIGHTS_BIT);
1097         EffectGeode* geode = new EffectGeode;
1098         geode->setEffect(runwayEffect);
1099         geode->addDrawable(SGLightFactory::getLights(_tileGeometryBin->taxiLights));
1100         taxiLights->addChild(geode);
1101         lightGroup->addChild(taxiLights);
1102       }
1103
1104       osg::LOD* lightLOD = NULL;
1105
1106       if (lightGroup->getNumChildren() > 0) {
1107         lightLOD = new osg::LOD;
1108         lightLOD->addChild(lightGroup.get(), 0, 60000);
1109         // VASI is always on, so doesn't use light bits.
1110         lightLOD->setNodeMask(LIGHTS_BITS | MODEL_BIT | PERMANENTLIGHT_BIT);
1111       }
1112
1113       return lightLOD;
1114     }
1115
1116     // Generate all the random forest, objects and buildings for the tile
1117     osg::LOD* generateRandomTileObjects()
1118     {
1119       SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
1120       bool use_random_objects = false;
1121       bool use_random_vegetation = false;
1122       bool use_random_buildings = false;
1123       float vegetation_density = 1.0f;
1124       float building_density = 1.0f;
1125       bool useVBOs = false;
1126
1127       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> randomObjects;
1128       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> forestNode;
1129       osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> buildingNode;
1130
1131       if (_options) {
1132         matlib = _options->getMaterialLib();
1133         SGPropertyNode* propertyNode = _options->getPropertyNode().get();
1134         if (propertyNode) {
1135             use_random_objects
1136                 = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/random-objects",
1137                                              use_random_objects);
1138             use_random_vegetation
1139                 = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/random-vegetation",
1140                                              use_random_vegetation);
1141             vegetation_density
1142                 = propertyNode->getFloatValue("/sim/rendering/vegetation-density",
1143                                               vegetation_density);
1144             use_random_buildings
1145                 = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/random-buildings",
1146                                              use_random_buildings);
1147             building_density
1148                 = propertyNode->getFloatValue("/sim/rendering/building-density",
1149                                               building_density);
1150         }
1151
1152         useVBOs = (_options->getPluginStringData("SimGear::USE_VBOS") == "ON");
1153       }
1154
1155
1156
1157       if (matlib && (use_random_objects || use_random_buildings)) {
1158         _tileGeometryBin->computeRandomObjectsAndBuildings(matlib,
1159                                                          building_density,
1160                                                          use_random_objects,
1161                                                          use_random_buildings,
1162                                                          useVBOs);
1163       }
1164
1165
1166       if (_tileGeometryBin->randomModels.getNumModels() > 0) {
1167         // Generate a repeatable random seed
1168         mt seed;
1169         mt_init(&seed, unsigned(123));
1170
1171         std::vector<ModelLOD> models;
1172         for (unsigned int i = 0;
1173              i < _tileGeometryBin->randomModels.getNumModels(); i++) {
1174           SGMatModelBin::MatModel obj
1175             = _tileGeometryBin->randomModels.getMatModel(i);
1176
1177           SGPropertyNode* root = _options->getPropertyNode()->getRootNode();
1178           osg::Node* node = obj.model->get_random_model(root, &seed);
1179
1180           // Create a matrix to place the object in the correct
1181           // location, and then apply the rotation matrix created
1182           // above, with an additional random (or taken from
1183           // the object mask) heading rotation if appropriate.
1184           osg::Matrix transformMat;
1185           transformMat = osg::Matrix::translate(toOsg(obj.position));
1186           if (obj.model->get_heading_type() == SGMatModel::HEADING_RANDOM) {
1187             // Rotate the object around the z axis.
1188             double hdg = mt_rand(&seed) * M_PI * 2;
1189             transformMat.preMult(osg::Matrix::rotate(hdg,
1190                                                      osg::Vec3d(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)));
1191           }
1192
1193           if (obj.model->get_heading_type() == SGMatModel::HEADING_MASK) {
1194             // Rotate the object around the z axis.
1195             double hdg =  - obj.rotation * M_PI * 2;
1196             transformMat.preMult(osg::Matrix::rotate(hdg,
1197                                                      osg::Vec3d(0.0, 0.0, 1.0)));
1198           }
1199
1200           osg::MatrixTransform* position =
1201             new osg::MatrixTransform(transformMat);
1202           position->setName("positionRandomModel");
1203           position->addChild(node);
1204           models.push_back(ModelLOD(position, obj.lod));
1205         }
1206         RandomObjectsQuadtree quadtree((GetModelLODCoord()), (AddModelLOD()));
1207         quadtree.buildQuadTree(models.begin(), models.end());
1208         randomObjects = quadtree.getRoot();
1209         randomObjects->setName("Random objects");
1210       }
1211
1212       if (! _tileGeometryBin->randomBuildings.empty()) {
1213         buildingNode = createRandomBuildings(_tileGeometryBin->randomBuildings, osg::Matrix::identity(),
1214                                     _options);
1215         buildingNode->setName("Random buildings");
1216         _tileGeometryBin->randomBuildings.clear();
1217       }
1218
1219       if (use_random_vegetation && matlib) {
1220         // Now add some random forest.
1221         _tileGeometryBin->computeRandomForest(matlib, vegetation_density);
1222
1223         if (! _tileGeometryBin->randomForest.empty()) {
1224           forestNode = createForest(_tileGeometryBin->randomForest, osg::Matrix::identity(),
1225                                     _options);
1226           forestNode->setName("Random trees");
1227         }
1228       }
1229
1230       osg::LOD* objectLOD = NULL;
1231
1232       if (randomObjects.valid() ||  forestNode.valid() || buildingNode.valid()) {
1233         objectLOD = new osg::LOD;
1234
1235         if (randomObjects.valid()) objectLOD->addChild(randomObjects.get(), 0, 20000);
1236         if (forestNode.valid())  objectLOD->addChild(forestNode.get(), 0, 20000);
1237         if (buildingNode.valid()) objectLOD->addChild(buildingNode.get(), 0, 20000);
1238
1239         unsigned nodeMask = SG_NODEMASK_CASTSHADOW_BIT | SG_NODEMASK_RECEIVESHADOW_BIT | SG_NODEMASK_TERRAIN_BIT;
1240         objectLOD->setNodeMask(nodeMask);
1241       }
1242
1243       return objectLOD;
1244     }
1245
1246     /// The original options to use for this bunch of models
1247     osg::ref_ptr<SGReaderWriterOptions> _options;
1248     osg::ref_ptr<SGTileGeometryBin> _tileGeometryBin;
1249     string _path;
1250     bool _loadterrain;
1251 };
1252
1253 osg::Node*
1254 SGLoadBTG(const std::string& path, const simgear::SGReaderWriterOptions* options)
1255 {
1256     SGBinObject tile;
1257     if (!tile.read_bin(path))
1258       return NULL;
1259
1260     SGMaterialLibPtr matlib;
1261     bool useVBOs = false;
1262     bool simplifyDistant = false;
1263     bool simplifyNear    = false;
1264     double ratio       = SG_SIMPLIFIER_RATIO;
1265     double maxLength   = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_LENGTH;
1266     double maxError    = SG_SIMPLIFIER_MAX_ERROR;
1267     double object_range = SG_OBJECT_RANGE;
1268
1269     if (options) {
1270       matlib = options->getMaterialLib();
1271       useVBOs = (options->getPluginStringData("SimGear::USE_VBOS") == "ON");
1272       SGPropertyNode* propertyNode = options->getPropertyNode().get();
1273
1274       // We control whether we simplify the nearby terrain and distant terrain separatey.
1275       // However, we don't allow only simplifying the near terrain!
1276       simplifyNear = propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/enabled-near", simplifyNear);
1277       simplifyDistant = simplifyNear || propertyNode->getBoolValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/enabled-far", simplifyDistant);
1278       ratio = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/ratio", ratio);
1279       maxLength = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-length", maxLength);
1280       maxError = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/terrain/simplifier/max-error", maxError);
1281                         object_range = propertyNode->getDoubleValue("/sim/rendering/static-lod/rough", object_range);
1282     }
1283
1284     SGVec3d center = tile.get_gbs_center();
1285     SGGeod geodPos = SGGeod::fromCart(center);
1286     SGQuatd hlOr = SGQuatd::fromLonLat(geodPos)*SGQuatd::fromEulerDeg(0, 0, 180);
1287
1288     // rotate the tiles so that the bounding boxes get nearly axis aligned.
1289     // this will help the collision tree's bounding boxes a bit ...
1290     std::vector<SGVec3d> nodes = tile.get_wgs84_nodes();
1291     for (unsigned i = 0; i < nodes.size(); ++i)
1292       nodes[i] = hlOr.transform(nodes[i]);
1293     tile.set_wgs84_nodes(nodes);
1294
1295     SGQuatf hlOrf(hlOr[0], hlOr[1], hlOr[2], hlOr[3]);
1296     std::vector<SGVec3f> normals = tile.get_normals();
1297     for (unsigned i = 0; i < normals.size(); ++i)
1298       normals[i] = hlOrf.transform(normals[i]);
1299     tile.set_normals(normals);
1300
1301     osg::ref_ptr<SGTileGeometryBin> tileGeometryBin = new SGTileGeometryBin;
1302
1303     if (!tileGeometryBin->insertBinObj(tile, matlib))
1304       return NULL;
1305
1306
1307     osg::Node* node = tileGeometryBin->getSurfaceGeometry(matlib, useVBOs);
1308     if (node && simplifyDistant) {
1309       osgUtil::Simplifier simplifier(ratio, maxError, maxLength);
1310       node->accept(simplifier);
1311     }
1312
1313     // The toplevel transform for that tile.
1314     osg::MatrixTransform* transform = new osg::MatrixTransform;
1315     transform->setName(path);
1316     transform->setMatrix(osg::Matrix::rotate(toOsg(hlOr))*
1317                          osg::Matrix::translate(toOsg(center)));
1318
1319     // PagedLOD for the random objects so we don't need to generate
1320     // them all on tile loading.
1321     osg::PagedLOD* pagedLOD = new osg::PagedLOD;
1322     pagedLOD->setCenterMode(osg::PagedLOD::USE_BOUNDING_SPHERE_CENTER);
1323     pagedLOD->setName("pagedObjectLOD");
1324
1325     if (node) {
1326       if (simplifyNear == simplifyDistant) {
1327         // Same terrain type is used for both near and far distances,
1328         // so add it to the main group.
1329         osg::Group* terrainGroup = new osg::Group;
1330         terrainGroup->setName("BTGTerrainGroup");
1331         terrainGroup->addChild(node);
1332         transform->addChild(terrainGroup);
1333       } else if (simplifyDistant) {
1334         // Simplified terrain is only used in the distance, the
1335         // call-back below will re-generate the closer version
1336         pagedLOD->addChild(node, object_range + SG_TILE_RADIUS, FLT_MAX);
1337       }
1338     }
1339
1340     // we just need to know about the read file callback that itself holds the data
1341     osg::ref_ptr<RandomObjectCallback> randomObjectCallback = new RandomObjectCallback;
1342     randomObjectCallback->_options = SGReaderWriterOptions::copyOrCreate(options);
1343     randomObjectCallback->_tileGeometryBin = tileGeometryBin;
1344     randomObjectCallback->_path = std::string(path);
1345     randomObjectCallback->_loadterrain = ! (simplifyNear == simplifyDistant);
1346
1347     osg::ref_ptr<osgDB::Options> callbackOptions = new osgDB::Options;
1348     callbackOptions->setReadFileCallback(randomObjectCallback.get());
1349     pagedLOD->setDatabaseOptions(callbackOptions.get());
1350
1351     pagedLOD->setFileName(pagedLOD->getNumChildren(), "Dummy name - use the stored data in the read file callback");
1352     pagedLOD->setRange(pagedLOD->getNumChildren(), 0, object_range + SG_TILE_RADIUS);
1353     transform->addChild(pagedLOD);
1354     transform->setNodeMask( ~simgear::MODELLIGHT_BIT );
1355
1356     return transform;
1357 }