src/Database/DBA.php

   1 <?php
   2
   3 namespace Friendica\Database;
   4
   5 // Do not use Core\Config in this class at risk of infinite loop.
   6 // Please use App->getConfigVariable() instead.
   7 //use Friendica\Core\Config;
   8
   9 use Friendica\Core\Logger;
  10 use Friendica\Core\System;
  11 use Friendica\Util\DateTimeFormat;
  12 use mysqli;
  13 use mysqli_result;
  14 use mysqli_stmt;
  15 use PDO;
  16 use PDOException;
  17 use PDOStatement;
  18
  19 require_once 'include/dba.php';
  20
  21 /**
  22  * @class MySQL database class
  23  *
  24  * This class is for the low level database stuff that does driver specific things.
  25  */
  26 class DBA
  27 {
  28         /**
  29          * Lowest possible date value
  30          */
  31         const NULL_DATE     = '0001-01-01';
  32         /**
  33          * Lowest possible datetime value
  34          */
  35         const NULL_DATETIME = '0001-01-01 00:00:00';
  36
  37         public static $connected = false;
  38
  39         private static $server_info = '';
  40         private static $connection;
  41         private static $driver;
  42         private static $error = false;
  43         private static $errorno = 0;
  44         private static $affected_rows = 0;
  45         private static $in_transaction = false;
  46         private static $in_retrial = false;
  47         private static $relation = [];
  48         private static $db_serveraddr = '';
  49         private static $db_user = '';
  50         private static $db_pass = '';
  51         private static $db_name = '';
  52         private static $db_charset = '';
  53
  54         public static function connect($serveraddr, $user, $pass, $db, $charset = null)
  55         {
  56                 if (!is_null(self::$connection) && self::connected()) {
  57                         return true;
  58                 }
  59
  60                 // We are storing these values for being able to perform a reconnect
  61                 self::$db_serveraddr = $serveraddr;
  62                 self::$db_user = $user;
  63                 self::$db_pass = $pass;
  64                 self::$db_name = $db;
  65                 self::$db_charset = $charset;
  66
  67                 $port = 0;
  68                 $serveraddr = trim($serveraddr);
  69
  70                 $serverdata = explode(':', $serveraddr);
  71                 $server = $serverdata[0];
  72
  73                 if (count($serverdata) > 1) {
  74                         $port = trim($serverdata[1]);
  75                 }
  76
  77                 $server = trim($server);
  78                 $user = trim($user);
  79                 $pass = trim($pass);
  80                 $db = trim($db);
  81                 $charset = trim($charset);
  82
  83                 if (!(strlen($server) && strlen($user))) {
  84                         return false;
  85                 }
  86
  87                 if (class_exists('\PDO') && in_array('mysql', PDO::getAvailableDrivers())) {
  88                         self::$driver = 'pdo';
  89                         $connect = "mysql:host=".$server.";dbname=".$db;
  90
  91                         if ($port > 0) {
  92                                 $connect .= ";port=".$port;
  93                         }
  94
  95                         if ($charset) {
  96                                 $connect .= ";charset=".$charset;
  97                         }
  98
  99                         try {
 100                                 self::$connection = @new PDO($connect, $user, $pass);
 101                                 self::$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
 102                                 self::$connected = true;
 103                         } catch (PDOException $e) {
 104                                 /// @TODO At least log exception, don't ignore it!
 105                         }
 106                 }
 107
 108                 if (!self::$connected && class_exists('\mysqli')) {
 109                         self::$driver = 'mysqli';
 110
 111                         if ($port > 0) {
 112                                 self::$connection = @new mysqli($server, $user, $pass, $db, $port);
 113                         } else {
 114                                 self::$connection = @new mysqli($server, $user, $pass, $db);
 115                         }
 116
 117                         if (!mysqli_connect_errno()) {
 118                                 self::$connected = true;
 119
 120                                 if ($charset) {
 121                                         self::$connection->set_charset($charset);
 122                                 }
 123                         }
 124                 }
 125
 126                 // No suitable SQL driver was found.
 127                 if (!self::$connected) {
 128                         self::$driver = null;
 129                         self::$connection = null;
 130                 }
 131
 132                 return self::$connected;
 133         }
 134
 135         /**
 136          * Disconnects the current database connection
 137          */
 138         public static function disconnect()
 139         {
 140                 if (is_null(self::$connection)) {
 141                         return;
 142                 }
 143
 144                 switch (self::$driver) {
 145                         case 'pdo':
 146                                 self::$connection = null;
 147                                 break;
 148                         case 'mysqli':
 149                                 self::$connection->close();
 150                                 self::$connection = null;
 151                                 break;
 152                 }
 153         }
 154
 155         /**
 156          * Perform a reconnect of an existing database connection
 157          */
 158         public static function reconnect() {
 159                 self::disconnect();
 160
 161                 $ret = self::connect(self::$db_serveraddr, self::$db_user, self::$db_pass, self::$db_name, self::$db_charset);
 162                 return $ret;
 163         }
 164
 165         /**
 166          * Return the database object.
 167          * @return PDO|mysqli
 168          */
 169         public static function getConnection()
 170         {
 171                 return self::$connection;
 172         }
 173
 174         /**
 175          * @brief Returns the MySQL server version string
 176          *
 177          * This function discriminate between the deprecated mysql API and the current
 178          * object-oriented mysqli API. Example of returned string: 5.5.46-0+deb8u1
 179          *
 180          * @return string
 181          */
 182         public static function serverInfo() {
 183                 if (self::$server_info == '') {
 184                         switch (self::$driver) {
 185                                 case 'pdo':
 186                                         self::$server_info = self::$connection->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION);
 187                                         break;
 188                                 case 'mysqli':
 189                                         self::$server_info = self::$connection->server_info;
 190                                         break;
 191                         }
 192                 }
 193                 return self::$server_info;
 194         }
 195
 196         /**
 197          * @brief Returns the selected database name
 198          *
 199          * @return string
 200          */
 201         public static function databaseName() {
 202                 $ret = self::p("SELECT DATABASE() AS `db`");
 203                 $data = self::toArray($ret);
 204                 return $data[0]['db'];
 205         }
 206
 207         /**
 208          * @brief Analyze a database query and log this if some conditions are met.
 209          *
 210          * @param string $query The database query that will be analyzed
 211          */
 212         private static function logIndex($query) {
 213                 $a = get_app();
 214
 215                 if (!$a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_log_index')) {
 216                         return;
 217                 }
 218
 219                 // Don't explain an explain statement
 220                 if (strtolower(substr($query, 0, 7)) == "explain") {
 221                         return;
 222                 }
 223
 224                 // Only do the explain on "select", "update" and "delete"
 225                 if (!in_array(strtolower(substr($query, 0, 6)), ["select", "update", "delete"])) {
 226                         return;
 227                 }
 228
 229                 $r = self::p("EXPLAIN ".$query);
 230                 if (!self::isResult($r)) {
 231                         return;
 232                 }
 233
 234                 $watchlist = explode(',', $a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_log_index_watch'));
 235                 $blacklist = explode(',', $a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_log_index_blacklist'));
 236
 237                 while ($row = self::fetch($r)) {
 238                         if ((intval($a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_loglimit_index')) > 0)) {
 239                                 $log = (in_array($row['key'], $watchlist) &&
 240                                         ($row['rows'] >= intval($a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_loglimit_index'))));
 241                         } else {
 242                                 $log = false;
 243                         }
 244
 245                         if ((intval($a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_loglimit_index_high')) > 0) && ($row['rows'] >= intval($a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_loglimit_index_high')))) {
 246                                 $log = true;
 247                         }
 248
 249                         if (in_array($row['key'], $blacklist) || ($row['key'] == "")) {
 250                                 $log = false;
 251                         }
 252
 253                         if ($log) {
 254                                 $backtrace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
 255                                 @file_put_contents($a->getConfigVariable('system', 'db_log_index'), DateTimeFormat::utcNow()."\t".
 256                                                 $row['key']."\t".$row['rows']."\t".$row['Extra']."\t".
 257                                                 basename($backtrace[1]["file"])."\t".
 258                                                 $backtrace[1]["line"]."\t".$backtrace[2]["function"]."\t".
 259                                                 substr($query, 0, 2000)."\n", FILE_APPEND);
 260                         }
 261                 }
 262         }
 263
 264         public static function escape($str) {
 265                 if (self::$connected) {
 266                         switch (self::$driver) {
 267                                 case 'pdo':
 268                                         return substr(@self::$connection->quote($str, PDO::PARAM_STR), 1, -1);
 269
 270                                 case 'mysqli':
 271                                         return @self::$connection->real_escape_string($str);
 272                         }
 273                 } else {
 274                         return str_replace("'", "\\'", $str);
 275                 }
 276         }
 277
 278         public static function connected() {
 279                 $connected = false;
 280
 281                 if (is_null(self::$connection)) {
 282                         return false;
 283                 }
 284
 285                 switch (self::$driver) {
 286                         case 'pdo':
 287                                 $r = self::p("SELECT 1");
 288                                 if (self::isResult($r)) {
 289                                         $row = self::toArray($r);
 290                                         $connected = ($row[0]['1'] == '1');
 291                                 }
 292                                 break;
 293                         case 'mysqli':
 294                                 $connected = self::$connection->ping();
 295                                 break;
 296                 }
 297                 return $connected;
 298         }
 299
 300         /**
 301          * @brief Replaces ANY_VALUE() function by MIN() function,
 302          *  if the database server does not support ANY_VALUE().
 303          *
 304          * Considerations for Standard SQL, or MySQL with ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY (default since 5.7.5).
 305          * ANY_VALUE() is available from MySQL 5.7.5 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/miscellaneous-functions.html
 306          * A standard fall-back is to use MIN().
 307          *
 308          * @param string $sql An SQL string without the values
 309          * @return string The input SQL string modified if necessary.
 310          */
 311         public static function anyValueFallback($sql) {
 312                 $server_info = self::serverInfo();
 313                 if (version_compare($server_info, '5.7.5', '<') ||
 314                         (stripos($server_info, 'MariaDB') !== false)) {
 315                         $sql = str_ireplace('ANY_VALUE(', 'MIN(', $sql);
 316                 }
 317                 return $sql;
 318         }
 319
 320         /**
 321          * @brief beautifies the query - useful for "SHOW PROCESSLIST"
 322          *
 323          * This is safe when we bind the parameters later.
 324          * The parameter values aren't part of the SQL.
 325          *
 326          * @param string $sql An SQL string without the values
 327          * @return string The input SQL string modified if necessary.
 328          */
 329         public static function cleanQuery($sql) {
 330                 $search = ["\t", "\n", "\r", "  "];
 331                 $replace = [' ', ' ', ' ', ' '];
 332                 do {
 333                         $oldsql = $sql;
 334                         $sql = str_replace($search, $replace, $sql);
 335                 } while ($oldsql != $sql);
 336
 337                 return $sql;
 338         }
 339
 340
 341         /**
 342          * @brief Replaces the ? placeholders with the parameters in the $args array
 343          *
 344          * @param string $sql SQL query
 345          * @param array $args The parameters that are to replace the ? placeholders
 346          * @return string The replaced SQL query
 347          */
 348         private static function replaceParameters($sql, $args) {
 349                 $offset = 0;
 350                 foreach ($args AS $param => $value) {
 351                         if (is_int($args[$param]) || is_float($args[$param])) {
 352                                 $replace = intval($args[$param]);
 353                         } else {
 354                                 $replace = "'".self::escape($args[$param])."'";
 355                         }
 356
 357                         $pos = strpos($sql, '?', $offset);
 358                         if ($pos !== false) {
 359                                 $sql = substr_replace($sql, $replace, $pos, 1);
 360                         }
 361                         $offset = $pos + strlen($replace);
 362                 }
 363                 return $sql;
 364         }
 365
 366         /**
 367          * @brief Convert parameter array to an universal form
 368          * @param array $args Parameter array
 369          * @return array universalized parameter array
 370          */
 371         private static function getParam($args) {
 372                 unset($args[0]);
 373
 374                 // When the second function parameter is an array then use this as the parameter array
 375                 if ((count($args) > 0) && (is_array($args[1]))) {
 376                         return $args[1];
 377                 } else {
 378                         return $args;
 379                 }
 380         }
 381
 382         /**
 383          * @brief Executes a prepared statement that returns data
 384          * @usage Example: $r = p("SELECT * FROM `item` WHERE `guid` = ?", $guid);
 385          *
 386          * Please only use it with complicated queries.
 387          * For all regular queries please use DBA::select or DBA::exists
 388          *
 389          * @param string $sql SQL statement
 390          * @return bool|object statement object or result object
 391          */
 392         public static function p($sql) {
 393                 $a = get_app();
 394
 395                 $stamp1 = microtime(true);
 396
 397                 $params = self::getParam(func_get_args());
 398
 399                 // Renumber the array keys to be sure that they fit
 400                 $i = 0;
 401                 $args = [];
 402                 foreach ($params AS $param) {
 403                         // Avoid problems with some MySQL servers and boolean values. See issue #3645
 404                         if (is_bool($param)) {
 405                                 $param = (int)$param;
 406                         }
 407                         $args[++$i] = $param;
 408                 }
 409
 410                 if (!self::$connected) {
 411                         return false;
 412                 }
 413
 414                 if ((substr_count($sql, '?') != count($args)) && (count($args) > 0)) {
 415                         // Question: Should we continue or stop the query here?
 416                         Logger::log('Parameter mismatch. Query "'.$sql.'" - Parameters '.print_r($args, true), Logger::DEBUG);
 417                 }
 418
 419                 $sql = self::cleanQuery($sql);
 420                 $sql = self::anyValueFallback($sql);
 421
 422                 $orig_sql = $sql;
 423
 424                 if ($a->getConfigValue('system', 'db_callstack')) {
 425                         $sql = "/*".System::callstack()." */ ".$sql;
 426                 }
 427
 428                 self::$error = '';
 429                 self::$errorno = 0;
 430                 self::$affected_rows = 0;
 431
 432                 // We have to make some things different if this function is called from "e"
 433                 $trace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS, 2);
 434
 435                 if (isset($trace[1])) {
 436                         $called_from = $trace[1];
 437                 } else {
 438                         // We use just something that is defined to avoid warnings
 439                         $called_from = $trace[0];
 440                 }
 441                 // We are having an own error logging in the function "e"
 442                 $called_from_e = ($called_from['function'] == 'e');
 443
 444                 switch (self::$driver) {
 445                         case 'pdo':
 446                                 // If there are no arguments we use "query"
 447                                 if (count($args) == 0) {
 448                                         if (!$retval = self::$connection->query($sql)) {
 449                                                 $errorInfo = self::$connection->errorInfo();
 450                                                 self::$error = $errorInfo[2];
 451                                                 self::$errorno = $errorInfo[1];
 452                                                 $retval = false;
 453                                                 break;
 454                                         }
 455                                         self::$affected_rows = $retval->rowCount();
 456                                         break;
 457                                 }
 458
 459                                 if (!$stmt = self::$connection->prepare($sql)) {
 460                                         $errorInfo = self::$connection->errorInfo();
 461                                         self::$error = $errorInfo[2];
 462                                         self::$errorno = $errorInfo[1];
 463                                         $retval = false;
 464                                         break;
 465                                 }
 466
 467                                 foreach ($args AS $param => $value) {
 468                                         if (is_int($args[$param])) {
 469                                                 $data_type = PDO::PARAM_INT;
 470                                         } else {
 471                                                 $data_type = PDO::PARAM_STR;
 472                                         }
 473                                         $stmt->bindParam($param, $args[$param], $data_type);
 474                                 }
 475
 476                                 if (!$stmt->execute()) {
 477                                         $errorInfo = $stmt->errorInfo();
 478                                         self::$error = $errorInfo[2];
 479                                         self::$errorno = $errorInfo[1];
 480                                         $retval = false;
 481                                 } else {
 482                                         $retval = $stmt;
 483                                         self::$affected_rows = $retval->rowCount();
 484                                 }
 485                                 break;
 486                         case 'mysqli':
 487                                 // There are SQL statements that cannot be executed with a prepared statement
 488                                 $parts = explode(' ', $orig_sql);
 489                                 $command = strtolower($parts[0]);
 490                                 $can_be_prepared = in_array($command, ['select', 'update', 'insert', 'delete']);
 491
 492                                 // The fallback routine is called as well when there are no arguments
 493                                 if (!$can_be_prepared || (count($args) == 0)) {
 494                                         $retval = self::$connection->query(self::replaceParameters($sql, $args));
 495                                         if (self::$connection->errno) {
 496                                                 self::$error = self::$connection->error;
 497                                                 self::$errorno = self::$connection->errno;
 498                                                 $retval = false;
 499                                         } else {
 500                                                 if (isset($retval->num_rows)) {
 501                                                         self::$affected_rows = $retval->num_rows;
 502                                                 } else {
 503                                                         self::$affected_rows = self::$connection->affected_rows;
 504                                                 }
 505                                         }
 506                                         break;
 507                                 }
 508
 509                                 $stmt = self::$connection->stmt_init();
 510
 511                                 if (!$stmt->prepare($sql)) {
 512                                         self::$error = $stmt->error;
 513                                         self::$errorno = $stmt->errno;
 514                                         $retval = false;
 515                                         break;
 516                                 }
 517
 518                                 $param_types = '';
 519                                 $values = [];
 520                                 foreach ($args AS $param => $value) {
 521                                         if (is_int($args[$param])) {
 522                                                 $param_types .= 'i';
 523                                         } elseif (is_float($args[$param])) {
 524                                                 $param_types .= 'd';
 525                                         } elseif (is_string($args[$param])) {
 526                                                 $param_types .= 's';
 527                                         } else {
 528                                                 $param_types .= 'b';
 529                                         }
 530                                         $values[] = &$args[$param];
 531                                 }
 532
 533                                 if (count($values) > 0) {
 534                                         array_unshift($values, $param_types);
 535                                         call_user_func_array([$stmt, 'bind_param'], $values);
 536                                 }
 537
 538                                 if (!$stmt->execute()) {
 539                                         self::$error = self::$connection->error;
 540                                         self::$errorno = self::$connection->errno;
 541                                         $retval = false;
 542                                 } else {
 543                                         $stmt->store_result();
 544                                         $retval = $stmt;
 545                                         self::$affected_rows = $retval->affected_rows;
 546                                 }
 547                                 break;
 548                 }
 549
 550                 // We are having an own error logging in the function "e"
 551                 if ((self::$errorno != 0) && !$called_from_e) {
 552                         // We have to preserve the error code, somewhere in the logging it get lost
 553                         $error = self::$error;
 554                         $errorno = self::$errorno;
 555
 556                         Logger::log('DB Error '.self::$errorno.': '.self::$error."\n".
 557                                 System::callstack(8)."\n".self::replaceParameters($sql, $args));
 558
 559                         // On a lost connection we try to reconnect - but only once.
 560                         if ($errorno == 2006) {
 561                                 if (self::$in_retrial || !self::reconnect()) {
 562                                         // It doesn't make sense to continue when the database connection was lost
 563                                         if (self::$in_retrial) {
 564                                                 Logger::log('Giving up retrial because of database error '.$errorno.': '.$error);
 565                                         } else {
 566                                                 Logger::log("Couldn't reconnect after database error ".$errorno.': '.$error);
 567                                         }
 568                                         exit(1);
 569                                 } else {
 570                                         // We try it again
 571                                         Logger::log('Reconnected after database error '.$errorno.': '.$error);
 572                                         self::$in_retrial = true;
 573                                         $ret = self::p($sql, $args);
 574                                         self::$in_retrial = false;
 575                                         return $ret;
 576                                 }
 577                         }
 578
 579                         self::$error = $error;
 580                         self::$errorno = $errorno;
 581                 }
 582
 583                 $a->saveTimestamp($stamp1, 'database');
 584
 585                 if ($a->getConfigValue('system', 'db_log')) {
 586                         $stamp2 = microtime(true);
 587                         $duration = (float)($stamp2 - $stamp1);
 588
 589                         if (($duration > $a->getConfigValue('system', 'db_loglimit'))) {
 590                                 $duration = round($duration, 3);
 591                                 $backtrace = debug_backtrace(DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS);
 592
 593                                 @file_put_contents($a->getConfigValue('system', 'db_log'), DateTimeFormat::utcNow()."\t".$duration."\t".
 594                                                 basename($backtrace[1]["file"])."\t".
 595                                                 $backtrace[1]["line"]."\t".$backtrace[2]["function"]."\t".
 596                                                 substr(self::replaceParameters($sql, $args), 0, 2000)."\n", FILE_APPEND);
 597                         }
 598                 }
 599                 return $retval;
 600         }
 601
 602         /**
 603          * @brief Executes a prepared statement like UPDATE or INSERT that doesn't return data
 604          *
 605          * Please use DBA::delete, DBA::insert, DBA::update, ... instead
 606          *
 607          * @param string $sql SQL statement
 608          * @return boolean Was the query successfull? False is returned only if an error occurred
 609          */
 610         public static function e($sql) {
 611                 $a = get_app();
 612
 613                 $stamp = microtime(true);
 614
 615                 $params = self::getParam(func_get_args());
 616
 617                 // In a case of a deadlock we are repeating the query 20 times
 618                 $timeout = 20;
 619
 620                 do {
 621                         $stmt = self::p($sql, $params);
 622
 623                         if (is_bool($stmt)) {
 624                                 $retval = $stmt;
 625                         } elseif (is_object($stmt)) {
 626                                 $retval = true;
 627                         } else {
 628                                 $retval = false;
 629                         }
 630
 631                         self::close($stmt);
 632
 633                 } while ((self::$errorno == 1213) && (--$timeout > 0));
 634
 635                 if (self::$errorno != 0) {
 636                         // We have to preserve the error code, somewhere in the logging it get lost
 637                         $error = self::$error;
 638                         $errorno = self::$errorno;
 639
 640                         Logger::log('DB Error '.self::$errorno.': '.self::$error."\n".
 641                                 System::callstack(8)."\n".self::replaceParameters($sql, $params));
 642
 643                         // On a lost connection we simply quit.
 644                         // A reconnect like in self::p could be dangerous with modifications
 645                         if ($errorno == 2006) {
 646                                 Logger::log('Giving up because of database error '.$errorno.': '.$error);
 647                                 exit(1);
 648                         }
 649
 650                         self::$error = $error;
 651                         self::$errorno = $errorno;
 652                 }
 653
 654                 $a->saveTimestamp($stamp, "database_write");
 655
 656                 return $retval;
 657         }
 658
 659         /**
 660          * @brief Check if data exists
 661          *
 662          * @param string $table Table name
 663          * @param array $condition array of fields for condition
 664          *
 665          * @return boolean Are there rows for that condition?
 666          */
 667         public static function exists($table, $condition) {
 668                 if (empty($table)) {
 669                         return false;
 670                 }
 671
 672                 $fields = [];
 673
 674                 if (empty($condition)) {
 675                         return DBStructure::existsTable($table);
 676                 }
 677
 678                 reset($condition);
 679                 $first_key = key($condition);
 680                 if (!is_int($first_key)) {
 681                         $fields = [$first_key];
 682                 }
 683
 684                 $stmt = self::select($table, $fields, $condition, ['limit' => 1]);
 685
 686                 if (is_bool($stmt)) {
 687                         $retval = $stmt;
 688                 } else {
 689                         $retval = (self::numRows($stmt) > 0);
 690                 }
 691
 692                 self::close($stmt);
 693
 694                 return $retval;
 695         }
 696
 697         /**
 698          * Fetches the first row
 699          *
 700          * Please use DBA::selectFirst or DBA::exists whenever this is possible.
 701          *
 702          * @brief Fetches the first row
 703          * @param string $sql SQL statement
 704          * @return array first row of query
 705          */
 706         public static function fetchFirst($sql) {
 707                 $params = self::getParam(func_get_args());
 708
 709                 $stmt = self::p($sql, $params);
 710
 711                 if (is_bool($stmt)) {
 712                         $retval = $stmt;
 713                 } else {
 714                         $retval = self::fetch($stmt);
 715                 }
 716
 717                 self::close($stmt);
 718
 719                 return $retval;
 720         }
 721
 722         /**
 723          * @brief Returns the number of affected rows of the last statement
 724          *
 725          * @return int Number of rows
 726          */
 727         public static function affectedRows() {
 728                 return self::$affected_rows;
 729         }
 730
 731         /**
 732          * @brief Returns the number of columns of a statement
 733          *
 734          * @param object Statement object
 735          * @return int Number of columns
 736          */
 737         public static function columnCount($stmt) {
 738                 if (!is_object($stmt)) {
 739                         return 0;
 740                 }
 741                 switch (self::$driver) {
 742                         case 'pdo':
 743                                 return $stmt->columnCount();
 744                         case 'mysqli':
 745                                 return $stmt->field_count;
 746                 }
 747                 return 0;
 748         }
 749         /**
 750          * @brief Returns the number of rows of a statement
 751          *
 752          * @param PDOStatement|mysqli_result|mysqli_stmt Statement object
 753          * @return int Number of rows
 754          */
 755         public static function numRows($stmt) {
 756                 if (!is_object($stmt)) {
 757                         return 0;
 758                 }
 759                 switch (self::$driver) {
 760                         case 'pdo':
 761                                 return $stmt->rowCount();
 762                         case 'mysqli':
 763                                 return $stmt->num_rows;
 764                 }
 765                 return 0;
 766         }
 767
 768         /**
 769          * @brief Fetch a single row
 770          *
 771          * @param mixed $stmt statement object
 772          * @return array current row
 773          */
 774         public static function fetch($stmt) {
 775                 $a = get_app();
 776
 777                 $stamp1 = microtime(true);
 778
 779                 $columns = [];
 780
 781                 if (!is_object($stmt)) {
 782                         return false;
 783                 }
 784
 785                 switch (self::$driver) {
 786                         case 'pdo':
 787                                 $columns = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
 788                                 break;
 789                         case 'mysqli':
 790                                 if (get_class($stmt) == 'mysqli_result') {
 791                                         $columns = $stmt->fetch_assoc();
 792                                         break;
 793                                 }
 794
 795                                 // This code works, but is slow
 796
 797                                 // Bind the result to a result array
 798                                 $cols = [];
 799
 800                                 $cols_num = [];
 801                                 for ($x = 0; $x < $stmt->field_count; $x++) {
 802                                         $cols[] = &$cols_num[$x];
 803                                 }
 804
 805                                 call_user_func_array([$stmt, 'bind_result'], $cols);
 806
 807                                 if (!$stmt->fetch()) {
 808                                         return false;
 809                                 }
 810
 811                                 // The slow part:
 812                                 // We need to get the field names for the array keys
 813                                 // It seems that there is no better way to do this.
 814                                 $result = $stmt->result_metadata();
 815                                 $fields = $result->fetch_fields();
 816
 817                                 foreach ($cols_num AS $param => $col) {
 818                                         $columns[$fields[$param]->name] = $col;
 819                                 }
 820                 }
 821
 822                 $a->saveTimestamp($stamp1, 'database');
 823
 824                 return $columns;
 825         }
 826
 827         /**
 828          * @brief Insert a row into a table
 829          *
 830          * @param string $table Table name
 831          * @param array $param parameter array
 832          * @param bool $on_duplicate_update Do an update on a duplicate entry
 833          *
 834          * @return boolean was the insert successful?
 835          */
 836         public static function insert($table, $param, $on_duplicate_update = false) {
 837
 838                 if (empty($table) || empty($param)) {
 839                         Logger::log('Table and fields have to be set');
 840                         return false;
 841                 }
 842
 843                 $sql = "INSERT INTO `".self::escape($table)."` (`".implode("`, `", array_keys($param))."`) VALUES (".
 844                         substr(str_repeat("?, ", count($param)), 0, -2).")";
 845
 846                 if ($on_duplicate_update) {
 847                         $sql .= " ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE `".implode("` = ?, `", array_keys($param))."` = ?";
 848
 849                         $values = array_values($param);
 850                         $param = array_merge_recursive($values, $values);
 851                 }
 852
 853                 return self::e($sql, $param);
 854         }
 855
 856         /**
 857          * @brief Fetch the id of the last insert command
 858          *
 859          * @return integer Last inserted id
 860          */
 861         public static function lastInsertId() {
 862                 switch (self::$driver) {
 863                         case 'pdo':
 864                                 $id = self::$connection->lastInsertId();
 865                                 break;
 866                         case 'mysqli':
 867                                 $id = self::$connection->insert_id;
 868                                 break;
 869                 }
 870                 return $id;
 871         }
 872
 873         /**
 874          * @brief Locks a table for exclusive write access
 875          *
 876          * This function can be extended in the future to accept a table array as well.
 877          *
 878          * @param string $table Table name
 879          *
 880          * @return boolean was the lock successful?
 881          */
 882         public static function lock($table) {
 883                 // See here: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/lock-tables-and-transactions.html
 884                 if (self::$driver == 'pdo') {
 885                         self::e("SET autocommit=0");
 886                         self::$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, true);
 887                 } else {
 888                         self::$connection->autocommit(false);
 889                 }
 890
 891                 $success = self::e("LOCK TABLES `".self::escape($table)."` WRITE");
 892
 893                 if (self::$driver == 'pdo') {
 894                         self::$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
 895                 }
 896
 897                 if (!$success) {
 898                         if (self::$driver == 'pdo') {
 899                                 self::e("SET autocommit=1");
 900                         } else {
 901                                 self::$connection->autocommit(true);
 902                         }
 903                 } else {
 904                         self::$in_transaction = true;
 905                 }
 906                 return $success;
 907         }
 908
 909         /**
 910          * @brief Unlocks all locked tables
 911          *
 912          * @return boolean was the unlock successful?
 913          */
 914         public static function unlock() {
 915                 // See here: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/lock-tables-and-transactions.html
 916                 self::performCommit();
 917
 918                 if (self::$driver == 'pdo') {
 919                         self::$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, true);
 920                 }
 921
 922                 $success = self::e("UNLOCK TABLES");
 923
 924                 if (self::$driver == 'pdo') {
 925                         self::$connection->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
 926                         self::e("SET autocommit=1");
 927                 } else {
 928                         self::$connection->autocommit(true);
 929                 }
 930
 931                 self::$in_transaction = false;
 932                 return $success;
 933         }
 934
 935         /**
 936          * @brief Starts a transaction
 937          *
 938          * @return boolean Was the command executed successfully?
 939          */
 940         public static function transaction() {
 941                 if (!self::performCommit()) {
 942                         return false;
 943                 }
 944
 945                 switch (self::$driver) {
 946                         case 'pdo':
 947                                 if (!self::$connection->inTransaction() && !self::$connection->beginTransaction()) {
 948                                         return false;
 949                                 }
 950                                 break;
 951
 952                         case 'mysqli':
 953                                 if (!self::$connection->begin_transaction()) {
 954                                         return false;
 955                                 }
 956                                 break;
 957                 }
 958
 959                 self::$in_transaction = true;
 960                 return true;
 961         }
 962
 963         private static function performCommit()
 964         {
 965                 switch (self::$driver) {
 966                         case 'pdo':
 967                                 if (!self::$connection->inTransaction()) {
 968                                         return true;
 969                                 }
 970
 971                                 return self::$connection->commit();
 972
 973                         case 'mysqli':
 974                                 return self::$connection->commit();
 975                 }
 976
 977                 return true;
 978         }
 979
 980         /**
 981          * @brief Does a commit
 982          *
 983          * @return boolean Was the command executed successfully?
 984          */
 985         public static function commit() {
 986                 if (!self::performCommit()) {
 987                         return false;
 988                 }
 989                 self::$in_transaction = false;
 990                 return true;
 991         }
 992
 993         /**
 994          * @brief Does a rollback
 995          *
 996          * @return boolean Was the command executed successfully?
 997          */
 998         public static function rollback() {
 999                 $ret = false;
1000
1001                 switch (self::$driver) {
1002                         case 'pdo':
1003                                 if (!self::$connection->inTransaction()) {
1004                                         $ret = true;
1005                                         break;
1006                                 }
1007                                 $ret = self::$connection->rollBack();
1008                                 break;
1009
1010                         case 'mysqli':
1011                                 $ret = self::$connection->rollback();
1012                                 break;
1013                 }
1014                 self::$in_transaction = false;
1015                 return $ret;
1016         }
1017
1018         /**
1019          * @brief Build the array with the table relations
1020          *
1021          * The array is build from the database definitions in DBStructure.php
1022          *
1023          * This process must only be started once, since the value is cached.
1024          */
1025         private static function buildRelationData() {
1026                 $definition = DBStructure::definition();
1027
1028                 foreach ($definition AS $table => $structure) {
1029                         foreach ($structure['fields'] AS $field => $field_struct) {
1030                                 if (isset($field_struct['relation'])) {
1031                                         foreach ($field_struct['relation'] AS $rel_table => $rel_field) {
1032                                                 self::$relation[$rel_table][$rel_field][$table][] = $field;
1033                                         }
1034                                 }
1035                         }
1036                 }
1037         }
1038
1039         /**
1040          * @brief Delete a row from a table
1041          *
1042          * @param string  $table       Table name
1043          * @param array   $conditions  Field condition(s)
1044          * @param array   $options
1045          *                - cascade: If true we delete records in other tables that depend on the one we're deleting through
1046          *                           relations (default: true)
1047          * @param array   $callstack   Internal use: prevent endless loops
1048          *
1049          * @return boolean was the delete successful?
1050          */
1051         public static function delete($table, array $conditions, array $options = [], array &$callstack = [])
1052         {
1053                 if (empty($table) || empty($conditions)) {
1054                         Logger::log('Table and conditions have to be set');
1055                         return false;
1056                 }
1057
1058                 $commands = [];
1059
1060                 // Create a key for the loop prevention
1061                 $key = $table . ':' . json_encode($conditions);
1062
1063                 // We quit when this key already exists in the callstack.
1064                 if (isset($callstack[$key])) {
1065                         return $commands;
1066                 }
1067
1068                 $callstack[$key] = true;
1069
1070                 $table = self::escape($table);
1071
1072                 $commands[$key] = ['table' => $table, 'conditions' => $conditions];
1073
1074                 // Don't use "defaults" here, since it would set "false" to "true"
1075                 if (isset($options['cascade'])) {
1076                         $cascade = $options['cascade'];
1077                 } else {
1078                         $cascade = true;
1079                 }
1080
1081                 // To speed up the whole process we cache the table relations
1082                 if ($cascade && count(self::$relation) == 0) {
1083                         self::buildRelationData();
1084                 }
1085
1086                 // Is there a relation entry for the table?
1087                 if ($cascade && isset(self::$relation[$table])) {
1088                         // We only allow a simple "one field" relation.
1089                         $field = array_keys(self::$relation[$table])[0];
1090                         $rel_def = array_values(self::$relation[$table])[0];
1091
1092                         // Create a key for preventing double queries
1093                         $qkey = $field . '-' . $table . ':' . json_encode($conditions);
1094
1095                         // When the search field is the relation field, we don't need to fetch the rows
1096                         // This is useful when the leading record is already deleted in the frontend but the rest is done in the backend
1097                         if ((count($conditions) == 1) && ($field == array_keys($conditions)[0])) {
1098                                 foreach ($rel_def AS $rel_table => $rel_fields) {
1099                                         foreach ($rel_fields AS $rel_field) {
1100                                                 $retval = self::delete($rel_table, [$rel_field => array_values($conditions)[0]], $options, $callstack);
1101                                         }
1102                                 }
1103                                 // We quit when this key already exists in the callstack.
1104                         } elseif (!isset($callstack[$qkey])) {
1105                                 $callstack[$qkey] = true;
1106
1107                                 // Fetch all rows that are to be deleted
1108                                 $data = self::select($table, [$field], $conditions);
1109
1110                                 while ($row = self::fetch($data)) {
1111                                         self::delete($table, [$field => $row[$field]], $options, $callstack);
1112                                 }
1113
1114                                 self::close($data);
1115
1116                                 // Since we had split the delete command we don't need the original command anymore
1117                                 unset($commands[$key]);
1118                         }
1119                 }
1120
1121                 // Now we finalize the process
1122                 $do_transaction = !self::$in_transaction;
1123
1124                 if ($do_transaction) {
1125                         self::transaction();
1126                 }
1127
1128                 $compacted = [];
1129                 $counter = [];
1130
1131                 foreach ($commands AS $command) {
1132                         $conditions = $command['conditions'];
1133                         reset($conditions);
1134                         $first_key = key($conditions);
1135
1136                         $condition_string = self::buildCondition($conditions);
1137
1138                         if ((count($command['conditions']) > 1) || is_int($first_key)) {
1139                                 $sql = "DELETE FROM `" . $command['table'] . "`" . $condition_string;
1140                                 Logger::log(self::replaceParameters($sql, $conditions), Logger::DATA);
1141
1142                                 if (!self::e($sql, $conditions)) {
1143                                         if ($do_transaction) {
1144                                                 self::rollback();
1145                                         }
1146                                         return false;
1147                                 }
1148                         } else {
1149                                 $key_table = $command['table'];
1150                                 $key_condition = array_keys($command['conditions'])[0];
1151                                 $value = array_values($command['conditions'])[0];
1152
1153                                 // Split the SQL queries in chunks of 100 values
1154                                 // We do the $i stuff here to make the code better readable
1155                                 $i = isset($counter[$key_table][$key_condition]) ? $counter[$key_table][$key_condition] : 0;
1156                                 if (isset($compacted[$key_table][$key_condition][$i]) && count($compacted[$key_table][$key_condition][$i]) > 100) {
1157                                         ++$i;
1158                                 }
1159
1160                                 $compacted[$key_table][$key_condition][$i][$value] = $value;
1161                                 $counter[$key_table][$key_condition] = $i;
1162                         }
1163                 }
1164                 foreach ($compacted AS $table => $values) {
1165                         foreach ($values AS $field => $field_value_list) {
1166                                 foreach ($field_value_list AS $field_values) {
1167                                         $sql = "DELETE FROM `" . $table . "` WHERE `" . $field . "` IN (" .
1168                                                 substr(str_repeat("?, ", count($field_values)), 0, -2) . ");";
1169
1170                                         Logger::log(self::replaceParameters($sql, $field_values), Logger::DATA);
1171
1172                                         if (!self::e($sql, $field_values)) {
1173                                                 if ($do_transaction) {
1174                                                         self::rollback();
1175                                                 }
1176                                                 return false;
1177                                         }
1178                                 }
1179                         }
1180                 }
1181                 if ($do_transaction) {
1182                         self::commit();
1183                 }
1184                 return true;
1185         }
1186
1187         /**
1188          * @brief Updates rows
1189          *
1190          * Updates rows in the database. When $old_fields is set to an array,
1191          * the system will only do an update if the fields in that array changed.
1192          *
1193          * Attention:
1194          * Only the values in $old_fields are compared.
1195          * This is an intentional behaviour.
1196          *
1197          * Example:
1198          * We include the timestamp field in $fields but not in $old_fields.
1199          * Then the row will only get the new timestamp when the other fields had changed.
1200          *
1201          * When $old_fields is set to a boolean value the system will do this compare itself.
1202          * When $old_fields is set to "true" the system will do an insert if the row doesn't exists.
1203          *
1204          * Attention:
1205          * Only set $old_fields to a boolean value when you are sure that you will update a single row.
1206          * When you set $old_fields to "true" then $fields must contain all relevant fields!
1207          *
1208          * @param string $table Table name
1209          * @param array $fields contains the fields that are updated
1210          * @param array $condition condition array with the key values
1211          * @param array|boolean $old_fields array with the old field values that are about to be replaced (true = update on duplicate)
1212          *
1213          * @return boolean was the update successfull?
1214          */
1215         public static function update($table, $fields, $condition, $old_fields = []) {
1216
1217                 if (empty($table) || empty($fields) || empty($condition)) {
1218                         Logger::log('Table, fields and condition have to be set');
1219                         return false;
1220                 }
1221
1222                 $table = self::escape($table);
1223
1224                 $condition_string = self::buildCondition($condition);
1225
1226                 if (is_bool($old_fields)) {
1227                         $do_insert = $old_fields;
1228
1229                         $old_fields = self::selectFirst($table, [], $condition);
1230
1231                         if (is_bool($old_fields)) {
1232                                 if ($do_insert) {
1233                                         $values = array_merge($condition, $fields);
1234                                         return self::insert($table, $values, $do_insert);
1235                                 }
1236                                 $old_fields = [];
1237                         }
1238                 }
1239
1240                 $do_update = (count($old_fields) == 0);
1241
1242                 foreach ($old_fields AS $fieldname => $content) {
1243                         if (isset($fields[$fieldname])) {
1244                                 if ($fields[$fieldname] == $content) {
1245                                         unset($fields[$fieldname]);
1246                                 } else {
1247                                         $do_update = true;
1248                                 }
1249                         }
1250                 }
1251
1252                 if (!$do_update || (count($fields) == 0)) {
1253                         return true;
1254                 }
1255
1256                 $sql = "UPDATE `".$table."` SET `".
1257                         implode("` = ?, `", array_keys($fields))."` = ?".$condition_string;
1258
1259                 $params1 = array_values($fields);
1260                 $params2 = array_values($condition);
1261                 $params = array_merge_recursive($params1, $params2);
1262
1263                 return self::e($sql, $params);
1264         }
1265
1266         /**
1267          * Retrieve a single record from a table and returns it in an associative array
1268          *
1269          * @brief Retrieve a single record from a table
1270          * @param string $table
1271          * @param array  $fields
1272          * @param array  $condition
1273          * @param array  $params
1274          * @return bool|array
1275          * @see self::select
1276          */
1277         public static function selectFirst($table, array $fields = [], array $condition = [], $params = [])
1278         {
1279                 $params['limit'] = 1;
1280                 $result = self::select($table, $fields, $condition, $params);
1281
1282                 if (is_bool($result)) {
1283                         return $result;
1284                 } else {
1285                         $row = self::fetch($result);
1286                         self::close($result);
1287                         return $row;
1288                 }
1289         }
1290
1291         /**
1292          * @brief Select rows from a table
1293          *
1294          * @param string $table     Table name
1295          * @param array  $fields    Array of selected fields, empty for all
1296          * @param array  $condition Array of fields for condition
1297          * @param array  $params    Array of several parameters
1298          *
1299          * @return boolean|object
1300          *
1301          * Example:
1302          * $table = "item";
1303          * $fields = array("id", "uri", "uid", "network");
1304          *
1305          * $condition = array("uid" => 1, "network" => 'dspr');
1306          * or:
1307          * $condition = array("`uid` = ? AND `network` IN (?, ?)", 1, 'dfrn', 'dspr');
1308          *
1309          * $params = array("order" => array("id", "received" => true), "limit" => 10);
1310          *
1311          * $data = DBA::select($table, $fields, $condition, $params);
1312          */
1313         public static function select($table, array $fields = [], array $condition = [], array $params = [])
1314         {
1315                 if ($table == '') {
1316                         return false;
1317                 }
1318
1319                 $table = self::escape($table);
1320
1321                 if (count($fields) > 0) {
1322                         $select_fields = "`" . implode("`, `", array_values($fields)) . "`";
1323                 } else {
1324                         $select_fields = "*";
1325                 }
1326
1327                 $condition_string = self::buildCondition($condition);
1328
1329                 $param_string = self::buildParameter($params);
1330
1331                 $sql = "SELECT " . $select_fields . " FROM `" . $table . "`" . $condition_string . $param_string;
1332
1333                 $result = self::p($sql, $condition);
1334
1335                 return $result;
1336         }
1337
1338         /**
1339          * @brief Counts the rows from a table satisfying the provided condition
1340          *
1341          * @param string $table Table name
1342          * @param array $condition array of fields for condition
1343          *
1344          * @return int
1345          *
1346          * Example:
1347          * $table = "item";
1348          *
1349          * $condition = ["uid" => 1, "network" => 'dspr'];
1350          * or:
1351          * $condition = ["`uid` = ? AND `network` IN (?, ?)", 1, 'dfrn', 'dspr'];
1352          *
1353          * $count = DBA::count($table, $condition);
1354          */
1355         public static function count($table, array $condition = [])
1356         {
1357                 if ($table == '') {
1358                         return false;
1359                 }
1360
1361                 $condition_string = self::buildCondition($condition);
1362
1363                 $sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS `count` FROM `".$table."`".$condition_string;
1364
1365                 $row = self::fetchFirst($sql, $condition);
1366
1367                 return $row['count'];
1368         }
1369
1370         /**
1371          * @brief Returns the SQL condition string built from the provided condition array
1372          *
1373          * This function operates with two modes.
1374          * - Supplied with a filed/value associative array, it builds simple strict
1375          *   equality conditions linked by AND.
1376          * - Supplied with a flat list, the first element is the condition string and
1377          *   the following arguments are the values to be interpolated
1378          *
1379          * $condition = ["uid" => 1, "network" => 'dspr'];
1380          * or:
1381          * $condition = ["`uid` = ? AND `network` IN (?, ?)", 1, 'dfrn', 'dspr'];
1382          *
1383          * In either case, the provided array is left with the parameters only
1384          *
1385          * @param array $condition
1386          * @return string
1387          */
1388         public static function buildCondition(array &$condition = [])
1389         {
1390                 $condition_string = '';
1391                 if (count($condition) > 0) {
1392                         reset($condition);
1393                         $first_key = key($condition);
1394                         if (is_int($first_key)) {
1395                                 $condition_string = " WHERE (" . array_shift($condition) . ")";
1396                         } else {
1397                                 $new_values = [];
1398                                 $condition_string = "";
1399                                 foreach ($condition as $field => $value) {
1400                                         if ($condition_string != "") {
1401                                                 $condition_string .= " AND ";
1402                                         }
1403                                         if (is_array($value)) {
1404                                                 /* Workaround for MySQL Bug #64791.
1405                                                  * Never mix data types inside any IN() condition.
1406                                                  * In case of mixed types, cast all as string.
1407                                                  * Logic needs to be consistent with DBA::p() data types.
1408                                                  */
1409                                                 $is_int = false;
1410                                                 $is_alpha = false;
1411                                                 foreach ($value as $single_value) {
1412                                                         if (is_int($single_value)) {
1413                                                                 $is_int = true;
1414                                                         } else {
1415                                                                 $is_alpha = true;
1416                                                         }
1417                                                 }
1418
1419                                                 if ($is_int && $is_alpha) {
1420                                                         foreach ($value as &$ref) {
1421                                                                 if (is_int($ref)) {
1422                                                                         $ref = (string)$ref;
1423                                                                 }
1424                                                         }
1425                                                         unset($ref); //Prevent accidental re-use.
1426                                                 }
1427
1428                                                 $new_values = array_merge($new_values, array_values($value));
1429                                                 $placeholders = substr(str_repeat("?, ", count($value)), 0, -2);
1430                                                 $condition_string .= "`" . $field . "` IN (" . $placeholders . ")";
1431                                         } else {
1432                                                 $new_values[$field] = $value;
1433                                                 $condition_string .= "`" . $field . "` = ?";
1434                                         }
1435                                 }
1436                                 $condition_string = " WHERE (" . $condition_string . ")";
1437                                 $condition = $new_values;
1438                         }
1439                 }
1440
1441                 return $condition_string;
1442         }
1443
1444         /**
1445          * @brief Returns the SQL parameter string built from the provided parameter array
1446          *
1447          * @param array $params
1448          * @return string
1449          */
1450         public static function buildParameter(array $params = [])
1451         {
1452                 $order_string = '';
1453                 if (isset($params['order'])) {
1454                         $order_string = " ORDER BY ";
1455                         foreach ($params['order'] AS $fields => $order) {
1456                                 if (!is_int($fields)) {
1457                                         $order_string .= "`" . $fields . "` " . ($order ? "DESC" : "ASC") . ", ";
1458                                 } else {
1459                                         $order_string .= "`" . $order . "`, ";
1460                                 }
1461                         }
1462                         $order_string = substr($order_string, 0, -2);
1463                 }
1464
1465                 $limit_string = '';
1466                 if (isset($params['limit']) && is_int($params['limit'])) {
1467                         $limit_string = " LIMIT " . intval($params['limit']);
1468                 }
1469
1470                 if (isset($params['limit']) && is_array($params['limit'])) {
1471                         $limit_string = " LIMIT " . intval($params['limit'][0]) . ", " . intval($params['limit'][1]);
1472                 }
1473
1474                 return $order_string.$limit_string;
1475         }
1476
1477         /**
1478          * @brief Fills an array with data from a query
1479          *
1480          * @param object $stmt statement object
1481          * @return array Data array
1482          */
1483         public static function toArray($stmt, $do_close = true) {
1484                 if (is_bool($stmt)) {
1485                         return $stmt;
1486                 }
1487
1488                 $data = [];
1489                 while ($row = self::fetch($stmt)) {
1490                         $data[] = $row;
1491                 }
1492                 if ($do_close) {
1493                         self::close($stmt);
1494                 }
1495                 return $data;
1496         }
1497
1498         /**
1499          * @brief Returns the error number of the last query
1500          *
1501          * @return string Error number (0 if no error)
1502          */
1503         public static function errorNo() {
1504                 return self::$errorno;
1505         }
1506
1507         /**
1508          * @brief Returns the error message of the last query
1509          *
1510          * @return string Error message ('' if no error)
1511          */
1512         public static function errorMessage() {
1513                 return self::$error;
1514         }
1515
1516         /**
1517          * @brief Closes the current statement
1518          *
1519          * @param object $stmt statement object
1520          * @return boolean was the close successful?
1521          */
1522         public static function close($stmt) {
1523                 $a = get_app();
1524
1525                 $stamp1 = microtime(true);
1526
1527                 if (!is_object($stmt)) {
1528                         return false;
1529                 }
1530
1531                 switch (self::$driver) {
1532                         case 'pdo':
1533                                 $ret = $stmt->closeCursor();
1534                                 break;
1535                         case 'mysqli':
1536                                 // MySQLi offers both a mysqli_stmt and a mysqli_result class.
1537                                 // We should be careful not to assume the object type of $stmt
1538                                 // because DBA::p() has been able to return both types.
1539                                 if ($stmt instanceof mysqli_stmt) {
1540                                         $stmt->free_result();
1541                                         $ret = $stmt->close();
1542                                 } elseif ($stmt instanceof mysqli_result) {
1543                                         $stmt->free();
1544                                         $ret = true;
1545                                 } else {
1546                                         $ret = false;
1547                                 }
1548                                 break;
1549                 }
1550
1551                 $a->saveTimestamp($stamp1, 'database');
1552
1553                 return $ret;
1554         }
1555
1556         /**
1557          * @brief Return a list of database processes
1558          *
1559          * @return array
1560          *      'list' => List of processes, separated in their different states
1561          *      'amount' => Number of concurrent database processes
1562          */
1563         public static function processlist()
1564         {
1565                 $ret = self::p("SHOW PROCESSLIST");
1566                 $data = self::toArray($ret);
1567
1568                 $s = [];
1569
1570                 $processes = 0;
1571                 $states = [];
1572                 foreach ($data as $process) {
1573                         $state = trim($process["State"]);
1574
1575                         // Filter out all non blocking processes
1576                         if (!in_array($state, ["", "init", "statistics", "updating"])) {
1577                                 ++$states[$state];
1578                                 ++$processes;
1579                         }
1580                 }
1581
1582                 $statelist = "";
1583                 foreach ($states as $state => $usage) {
1584                         if ($statelist != "") {
1585                                 $statelist .= ", ";
1586                         }
1587                         $statelist .= $state.": ".$usage;
1588                 }
1589                 return(["list" => $statelist, "amount" => $processes]);
1590         }
1591
1592         /**
1593          * Checks if $array is a filled array with at least one entry.
1594          *
1595          * @param mixed $array A filled array with at least one entry
1596          *
1597          * @return boolean Whether $array is a filled array or an object with rows
1598          */
1599         public static function isResult($array)
1600         {
1601                 // It could be a return value from an update statement
1602                 if (is_bool($array)) {
1603                         return $array;
1604                 }
1605
1606                 if (is_object($array)) {
1607                         return self::numRows($array) > 0;
1608                 }
1609
1610                 return (is_array($array) && (count($array) > 0));
1611         }
1612
1613         /**
1614          * @brief Callback function for "esc_array"
1615          *
1616          * @param mixed   $value         Array value
1617          * @param string  $key           Array key
1618          * @param boolean $add_quotation add quotation marks for string values
1619          * @return void
1620          */
1621         private static function escapeArrayCallback(&$value, $key, $add_quotation)
1622         {
1623                 if (!$add_quotation) {
1624                         if (is_bool($value)) {
1625                                 $value = ($value ? '1' : '0');
1626                         } else {
1627                                 $value = self::escape($value);
1628                         }
1629                         return;
1630                 }
1631
1632                 if (is_bool($value)) {
1633                         $value = ($value ? 'true' : 'false');
1634                 } elseif (is_float($value) || is_integer($value)) {
1635                         $value = (string) $value;
1636                 } else {
1637                         $value = "'" . self::escape($value) . "'";
1638                 }
1639         }
1640
1641         /**
1642          * @brief Escapes a whole array
1643          *
1644          * @param mixed   $arr           Array with values to be escaped
1645          * @param boolean $add_quotation add quotation marks for string values
1646          * @return void
1647          */
1648         public static function escapeArray(&$arr, $add_quotation = false)
1649         {
1650                 array_walk($arr, 'self::escapeArrayCallback', $add_quotation);
1651         }
1652 }