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1 /*%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
2
3  Module:       FGEngine.cpp
4  Author:       Jon Berndt
5  Date started: 01/21/99
6  Called by:    FGAircraft
7
8  ------------- Copyright (C) 1999  Jon S. Berndt (jon@jsbsim.org) -------------
9
10  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
11  the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software
12  Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
13  version.
14
15  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
16  ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
17  FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
18
19  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with
20  this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple
21  Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
22
23  Further information about the GNU Lesser General Public License can also be found on
24  the world wide web at http://www.gnu.org.
25
26 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
27 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
28 See header file.
29
30 HISTORY
31 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
32 01/21/99   JSB   Created
33 09/03/99   JSB   Changed Rocket thrust equation to correct -= Thrust instead of
34                  += Thrust (thanks to Tony Peden)
35
36 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
37 INCLUDES
38 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%*/
39
40 #include "FGEngine.h"
41 #include "FGTank.h"
42 #include "FGPropeller.h"
43 #include "FGNozzle.h"
44 #include "FGRotor.h"
45 #include "models/FGPropulsion.h"
46 #include "input_output/FGXMLParse.h"
47 #include "math/FGColumnVector3.h"
48
49 #include <iostream>
50 #include <fstream>
51 #include <cstdlib>
52
53 using namespace std;
54
55 namespace JSBSim {
56
57 static const char *IdSrc = "$Id: FGEngine.cpp,v 1.39 2010/08/21 17:13:48 jberndt Exp $";
58 static const char *IdHdr = ID_ENGINE;
59
60 /*%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
61 CLASS IMPLEMENTATION
62 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%*/
63
64 FGEngine::FGEngine(FGFDMExec* exec, Element* engine_element, int engine_number)
65                       : EngineNumber(engine_number)
66 {
67   Element* local_element;
68   FGColumnVector3 location, orientation;
69
70   Name = "";
71   Type = etUnknown;
72   X = Y = Z = 0.0;
73   EnginePitch = EngineYaw = 0.0;
74   SLFuelFlowMax = 0.0;
75   MaxThrottle = 1.0;
76   MinThrottle = 0.0;
77   FuelDensity = 6.0;
78   unsigned int i;
79
80   ResetToIC(); // initialize dynamic terms
81
82   FDMExec = exec;
83   Atmosphere = FDMExec->GetAtmosphere();
84   FCS = FDMExec->GetFCS();
85   Propulsion = FDMExec->GetPropulsion();
86   Aircraft = FDMExec->GetAircraft();
87   Propagate = FDMExec->GetPropagate();
88   Auxiliary = FDMExec->GetAuxiliary();
89
90   PropertyManager = FDMExec->GetPropertyManager();
91
92   Name = engine_element->GetAttributeValue("name");
93
94   Load(engine_element, PropertyManager, to_string(EngineNumber)); // Call ModelFunctions loader
95
96 // Find and set engine location
97
98   local_element = engine_element->GetParent()->FindElement("location");
99   if (local_element)  location = local_element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("IN");
100   else      cerr << "No engine location found for this engine." << endl;
101
102   local_element = engine_element->GetParent()->FindElement("orient");
103   if (local_element)  orientation = local_element->FindElementTripletConvertTo("RAD");
104 //  else          cerr << "No engine orientation found for this engine." << endl;
105 // Jon: The engine orientation has a default and is not normally used.
106
107   SetPlacement(location, orientation);
108
109   // Load thruster
110   local_element = engine_element->GetParent()->FindElement("thruster");
111   if (local_element) {
112     if (!LoadThruster(local_element)) exit(-1);
113   } else {
114     cerr << "No thruster definition supplied with engine definition." << endl;
115   }
116
117   // Build and initialize the feed tank vector.
118   for (i=0; i<(Propulsion->GetNumTanks()); i++) {
119     SourceTanks.push_back(0);
120   }
121
122   // Load feed tank[s] references
123   local_element = engine_element->GetParent()->FindElement("feed");
124   if (local_element) {
125     while (local_element) {
126       int tankID = (int)local_element->GetDataAsNumber();
127       FGTank* tank = Propulsion->GetTank(tankID); 
128       if (tank) {
129         AddFeedTank(tankID, tank->GetPriority());
130         FuelDensity = tank->GetDensity();
131       } else {
132         cerr << "Feed tank " << tankID <<
133           " specified in engine definition does not exist." << endl;
134       }
135       local_element = engine_element->GetParent()->FindNextElement("feed");
136     }
137   } else {
138     cerr << "No feed tank specified in engine definition." << endl;
139   }
140
141   string property_name, base_property_name;
142   base_property_name = CreateIndexedPropertyName("propulsion/engine", EngineNumber);
143
144   property_name = base_property_name + "/set-running";
145   PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGEngine::GetRunning, &FGEngine::SetRunning );
146   property_name = base_property_name + "/thrust-lbs";
147   PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), Thruster, &FGThruster::GetThrust);
148   property_name = base_property_name + "/fuel-flow-rate-pps";
149   PropertyManager->Tie( property_name.c_str(), this, &FGEngine::GetFuelFlowRate);
150
151   PostLoad(engine_element, PropertyManager, to_string(EngineNumber));
152
153   //cout << "Engine[" << EngineNumber << "] using fuel density: " << FuelDensity << endl;
154
155   Debug(0);
156 }
157
158 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
159
160 FGEngine::~FGEngine()
161 {
162   delete Thruster;
163   Debug(1);
164 }
165
166 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
167
168 void FGEngine::ResetToIC(void)
169 {
170   Throttle = 0.0;
171   Mixture = 1.0;
172   Starter = false;
173   FuelExpended = 0.0;
174   Starved = Running = Cranking = false;
175   PctPower = 0.0;
176   TrimMode = false;
177   FuelFlow_gph = 0.0;
178   FuelFlow_pph = 0.0;
179   FuelFlowRate = 0.0;
180   FuelFreeze = false;
181 }
182
183 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
184 // This base class function should be called from within the
185 // derived class' Calculate() function before any other calculations are done.
186 // This base class method removes fuel from the fuel tanks as appropriate,
187 // and sets the starved flag if necessary.
188 // This version of the fuel consumption code should never see an oxidizer tank.
189
190 void FGEngine::ConsumeFuel(void)
191 {
192   if (FuelFreeze) return;
193   if (TrimMode) return;
194
195   unsigned int i;
196   double Fshortage, FuelNeeded;
197   FGTank* Tank;
198   unsigned int TanksWithFuel = 0;
199   Fshortage = FuelNeeded = 0.0;
200   double FuelToBurn;
201   unsigned int CurrentPriority = 1;
202   vector <int> FeedList;
203   Starved = false;
204
205   FuelToBurn = CalcFuelNeed();
206   if (FuelToBurn == 0.0) return;
207
208   // Count how many fuel tanks with the current priority level have fuel.
209   // If none, then try next lower priority.  Build the feed list.
210   while ((TanksWithFuel == 0) && (CurrentPriority <= Propulsion->GetNumTanks())) {
211     for (i=0; i<Propulsion->GetNumTanks(); i++) {
212       if (SourceTanks[i] != 0) {
213         Tank = Propulsion->GetTank(i);
214         if (Tank->GetType() == FGTank::ttFUEL) {
215           if ((Tank->GetContents() > 0.0) && ((unsigned int)Tank->GetPriority() == CurrentPriority)) {
216              ++TanksWithFuel;
217              FeedList.push_back(i);
218            } 
219         } else {
220            cerr << "No oxidizer tanks should be used for this engine type." << endl;
221         }
222       }
223     }
224     if (TanksWithFuel == 0) CurrentPriority++;
225   }
226
227   // No fuel found at any priority!
228   if (TanksWithFuel == 0) {
229     Starved = true;
230     return;
231   }
232
233   // Remove equal amount of fuel from each feed tank.  
234   FuelNeeded = FuelToBurn/TanksWithFuel;
235   for (i=0; i<FeedList.size(); i++) {
236     Tank = Propulsion->GetTank(FeedList[i]);
237     Tank->Drain(FuelNeeded); 
238   }
239
240 }
241
242 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
243
244 double FGEngine::CalcFuelNeed(void)
245 {
246   double dT = FDMExec->GetDeltaT()*Propulsion->GetRate();
247   FuelFlowRate = SLFuelFlowMax*PctPower;
248   FuelExpended = FuelFlowRate*dT;
249   return FuelExpended;
250 }
251
252 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
253
254 void FGEngine::SetPlacement(FGColumnVector3& location, FGColumnVector3& orientation)
255 {
256   X = location(eX);
257   Y = location(eY);
258   Z = location(eZ);
259   EnginePitch = orientation(ePitch);
260   EngineYaw = orientation (eYaw);
261 }
262
263 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
264
265 void FGEngine::AddFeedTank(int tkID, int priority)
266 {
267   SourceTanks[tkID] = priority;
268 }
269
270 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
271
272 FGColumnVector3& FGEngine::GetBodyForces(void)
273 {
274   return Thruster->GetBodyForces();
275 }
276
277 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
278
279 FGColumnVector3& FGEngine::GetMoments(void)
280 {
281   return Thruster->GetMoments();
282 }
283
284 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
285
286 bool FGEngine::LoadThruster(Element *thruster_element)
287 {
288   string token, fullpath, localpath;
289   string thruster_filename, thruster_fullpathname, thrType;
290   string enginePath = FDMExec->GetEnginePath();
291   string aircraftPath = FDMExec->GetFullAircraftPath();
292   ifstream thruster_file;
293   FGColumnVector3 location, orientation;
294   string separator = "/";
295
296   fullpath = enginePath + separator;
297   localpath = aircraftPath + separator + "Engines" + separator;
298
299   thruster_filename = thruster_element->GetAttributeValue("file");
300   if ( !thruster_filename.empty()) {
301     thruster_fullpathname = fullpath + thruster_filename + ".xml";
302     thruster_file.open(thruster_fullpathname.c_str());
303     if ( !thruster_file.is_open()) {
304       thruster_fullpathname = localpath + thruster_filename + ".xml";
305       thruster_file.open(thruster_fullpathname.c_str());
306       if ( !thruster_file.is_open()) {
307         cerr << "Could not open thruster file: " << thruster_filename << ".xml" << endl;
308         return false;
309       } else {
310         thruster_file.close();
311       }
312     } else {
313       thruster_file.close();
314     }
315   } else {
316     cerr << "No thruster filename given." << endl;
317     return false;
318   }
319
320   document = LoadXMLDocument(thruster_fullpathname);
321   document->SetParent(thruster_element);
322
323   thrType = document->GetName();
324
325   if (thrType == "propeller") {
326     Thruster = new FGPropeller(FDMExec, document, EngineNumber);
327   } else if (thrType == "nozzle") {
328     Thruster = new FGNozzle(FDMExec, document, EngineNumber);
329   } else if (thrType == "rotor") {
330     Thruster = new FGRotor(FDMExec, document, EngineNumber);
331   } else if (thrType == "direct") {
332     Thruster = new FGThruster( FDMExec, document, EngineNumber);
333   }
334
335   Thruster->SetdeltaT(FDMExec->GetDeltaT() * Propulsion->GetRate());
336
337   Debug(2);
338   return true;
339 }
340
341 //%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
342 //    The bitmasked value choices are as follows:
343 //    unset: In this case (the default) JSBSim would only print
344 //       out the normally expected messages, essentially echoing
345 //       the config files as they are read. If the environment
346 //       variable is not set, debug_lvl is set to 1 internally
347 //    0: This requests JSBSim not to output any messages
348 //       whatsoever.
349 //    1: This value explicity requests the normal JSBSim
350 //       startup messages
351 //    2: This value asks for a message to be printed out when
352 //       a class is instantiated
353 //    4: When this value is set, a message is displayed when a
354 //       FGModel object executes its Run() method
355 //    8: When this value is set, various runtime state variables
356 //       are printed out periodically
357 //    16: When set various parameters are sanity checked and
358 //       a message is printed out when they go out of bounds
359
360 void FGEngine::Debug(int from)
361 {
362   if (debug_lvl <= 0) return;
363
364   if (debug_lvl & 1) { // Standard console startup message output
365     if (from == 0) { // Constructor
366
367     }
368     if (from == 2) { // After thruster loading
369       cout << "      X = " << Thruster->GetLocationX() << endl;
370       cout << "      Y = " << Thruster->GetLocationY() << endl;
371       cout << "      Z = " << Thruster->GetLocationZ() << endl;
372       cout << "      Pitch = " << radtodeg*Thruster->GetAnglesToBody(ePitch) << " degrees" << endl;
373       cout << "      Yaw = " << radtodeg*Thruster->GetAnglesToBody(eYaw) << " degrees" << endl;
374     }
375   }
376   if (debug_lvl & 2 ) { // Instantiation/Destruction notification
377     if (from == 0) cout << "Instantiated: FGEngine" << endl;
378     if (from == 1) cout << "Destroyed:    FGEngine" << endl;
379   }
380   if (debug_lvl & 4 ) { // Run() method entry print for FGModel-derived objects
381   }
382   if (debug_lvl & 8 ) { // Runtime state variables
383   }
384   if (debug_lvl & 16) { // Sanity checking
385   }
386   if (debug_lvl & 64) {
387     if (from == 0) { // Constructor
388       cout << IdSrc << endl;
389       cout << IdHdr << endl;
390     }
391   }
392 }
393 }