]> git.mxchange.org Git - flightgear.git/blobdiff - src/FDM/JSBSim/JSBSim.cxx
Merge branch 'next' of git://gitorious.org/fg/flightgear into next
[flightgear.git] / src / FDM / JSBSim / JSBSim.cxx
index cf9e683726907b0f3659f24558ce39f508d9a237..612424629aa053d9098a421695ed052c88925563 100644 (file)
@@ -5,20 +5,20 @@
 // Copyright (C) 1999  Curtis L. Olson  - curt@flightgear.org
 //
 // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
-// modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+// modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
 // published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
 // License, or (at your option) any later version.
 //
 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 // WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
-// General Public License for more details.
+// Lesser General Public License for more details.
 //
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
 // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 // Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 //
-// $Id$
+// $Id: JSBSim.cxx,v 1.63 2010/10/07 03:45:40 jberndt Exp $
 
 
 #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
 
 #include <simgear/compiler.h>
 
-#include <stdio.h>     //      size_t
-#ifdef SG_MATH_EXCEPTION_CLASH
-#  include <math.h>
-#endif
-
-#include STL_STRING
+#include <stdio.h>    //    size_t
+#include <string>
 
 #include <simgear/constants.h>
 #include <simgear/debug/logstream.hxx>
 #include <simgear/math/sg_geodesy.hxx>
 #include <simgear/misc/sg_path.hxx>
+#include <simgear/structure/commands.hxx>
 
 #include <FDM/flight.hxx>
 
-#include <Aircraft/aircraft.hxx>
-#include <Controls/controls.hxx>
+#include <Aircraft/controls.hxx>
 #include <Main/globals.hxx>
 #include <Main/fg_props.hxx>
 
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGFDMExec.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGAircraft.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGFCS.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGPropagate.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGState.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGAuxiliary.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGInitialCondition.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGTrim.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGAtmosphere.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGMassBalance.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGAerodynamics.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGLGear.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGPropertyManager.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGEngine.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGPiston.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGTurbine.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGRocket.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGElectric.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGNozzle.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGPropeller.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGRotor.h>
-#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGTank.h>
 #include "JSBSim.hxx"
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGFDMExec.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/FGJSBBase.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/initialization/FGInitialCondition.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/initialization/FGTrim.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGModel.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGAircraft.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGFCS.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGPropagate.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGAuxiliary.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGInertial.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGAtmosphere.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGMassBalance.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGAerodynamics.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGLGear.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGGroundReactions.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/FGPropulsion.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGEngine.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGPiston.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGTurbine.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGTurboProp.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGRocket.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGElectric.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGNozzle.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGPropeller.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGRotor.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/models/propulsion/FGTank.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/input_output/FGPropertyManager.h>
+#include <FDM/JSBSim/input_output/FGGroundCallback.h>
+
+using namespace JSBSim;
 
 static inline double
 FMAX (double a, double b)
@@ -76,14 +80,45 @@ FMAX (double a, double b)
   return a > b ? a : b;
 }
 
+class FGFSGroundCallback : public FGGroundCallback {
+public:
+  FGFSGroundCallback(FGJSBsim* ifc) : mInterface(ifc) {}
+  virtual ~FGFSGroundCallback() {}
+
+  /** Get the altitude above sea level dependent on the location. */
+  virtual double GetAltitude(const FGLocation& l) const {
+    double pt[3] = { SG_FEET_TO_METER*l(eX),
+                     SG_FEET_TO_METER*l(eY),
+                     SG_FEET_TO_METER*l(eZ) };
+    double lat, lon, alt;
+    sgCartToGeod( pt, &lat, &lon, &alt);
+    return alt * SG_METER_TO_FEET;
+  }
+
+  /** Compute the altitude above ground. */
+  virtual double GetAGLevel(double t, const FGLocation& l,
+                            FGLocation& cont, FGColumnVector3& n,
+                            FGColumnVector3& v, FGColumnVector3& w) const {
+    double loc_cart[3] = { l(eX), l(eY), l(eZ) };
+    double contact[3], normal[3], vel[3], angularVel[3], agl = 0;
+    mInterface->get_agl_ft(t, loc_cart, SG_METER_TO_FEET*2, contact, normal,
+                           vel, angularVel, &agl);
+    n = FGColumnVector3( normal[0], normal[1], normal[2] );
+    v = FGColumnVector3( vel[0], vel[1], vel[2] );
+    w = FGColumnVector3( angularVel[0], angularVel[1], angularVel[2] );
+    cont = FGColumnVector3( contact[0], contact[1], contact[2] );
+    return agl;
+  }
+private:
+  FGJSBsim* mInterface;
+};
 
 /******************************************************************************/
 
 FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
-  : FGInterface(dt)
+  : FGInterface(dt), got_wire(false)
 {
     bool result;
-
                                 // Set up the debugging level
                                 // FIXME: this will not respond to
                                 // runtime changes
@@ -111,7 +146,9 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
 
     fdmex = new FGFDMExec( (FGPropertyManager*)globals->get_props() );
 
-    State           = fdmex->GetState();
+    // Register ground callback.
+    fdmex->SetGroundCallback( new FGFSGroundCallback(this) );
+
     Atmosphere      = fdmex->GetAtmosphere();
     FCS             = fdmex->GetFCS();
     MassBalance     = fdmex->GetMassBalance();
@@ -119,6 +156,7 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
     Aircraft        = fdmex->GetAircraft();
     Propagate        = fdmex->GetPropagate();
     Auxiliary       = fdmex->GetAuxiliary();
+    Inertial        = fdmex->GetInertial();
     Aerodynamics    = fdmex->GetAerodynamics();
     GroundReactions = fdmex->GetGroundReactions();
 
@@ -129,10 +167,21 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
 
     SGPath engine_path( fgGetString("/sim/aircraft-dir") );
     engine_path.append( "Engine" );
-    State->Setdt( dt );
+
+    SGPath systems_path( fgGetString("/sim/aircraft-dir") );
+    systems_path.append( "Systems" );
+
+// deprecate sim-time-sec for simulation/sim-time-sec
+// remove alias with increased configuration file version number (2.1 or later)
+    SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("/fdm/jsbsim/simulation/sim-time-sec");
+    fgGetNode("/fdm/jsbsim/sim-time-sec", true)->alias( node );
+// end of sim-time-sec deprecation patch
+
+    fdmex->Setdt( dt );
 
     result = fdmex->LoadModel( aircraft_path.str(),
                                engine_path.str(),
+                               systems_path.str(),
                                fgGetString("/sim/aero"), false );
 
     if (result) {
@@ -167,10 +216,13 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
       if (node->getChild("level-gal_us", 0, false) != 0) {
         Propulsion->GetTank(i)->SetContents(node->getDoubleValue("level-gal_us") * 6.6);
       } else {
-        node->setDoubleValue("level-lb", Propulsion->GetTank(i)->GetContents());
+        node->setDoubleValue("level-lbs", Propulsion->GetTank(i)->GetContents());
         node->setDoubleValue("level-gal_us", Propulsion->GetTank(i)->GetContents() / 6.6);
       }
+      node->setDoubleValue("capacity-gal_us",
+                           Propulsion->GetTank(i)->GetCapacity() / 6.6);
     }
+    Propulsion->SetFuelFreeze((fgGetNode("/sim/freeze/fuel",true))->getBoolValue());
 
     fgSetDouble("/fdm/trim/pitch-trim", FCS->GetPitchTrimCmd());
     fgSetDouble("/fdm/trim/throttle",   FCS->GetThrottleCmd(0));
@@ -201,6 +253,8 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
     speedbrake_pos_pct
         =fgGetNode("/surface-positions/speedbrake-pos-norm",true);
     spoilers_pos_pct=fgGetNode("/surface-positions/spoilers-pos-norm",true);
+    tailhook_pos_pct=fgGetNode("/gear/tailhook/position-norm",true);
+    wing_fold_pos_pct=fgGetNode("surface-positions/wing-fold-pos-norm",true);
 
     elevator_pos_pct->setDoubleValue(0);
     left_aileron_pos_pct->setDoubleValue(0);
@@ -210,6 +264,10 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
     speedbrake_pos_pct->setDoubleValue(0);
     spoilers_pos_pct->setDoubleValue(0);
 
+    ab_brake_engaged = fgGetNode("/autopilot/autobrake/engaged", true);
+    ab_brake_left_pct = fgGetNode("/autopilot/autobrake/brake-left-output", true);
+    ab_brake_right_pct = fgGetNode("/autopilot/autobrake/brake-right-output", true);
+    
     temperature = fgGetNode("/environment/temperature-degc",true);
     pressure = fgGetNode("/environment/pressure-inhg",true);
     density = fgGetNode("/environment/density-slugft3",true);
@@ -220,11 +278,20 @@ FGJSBsim::FGJSBsim( double dt )
     wind_from_east = fgGetNode("/environment/wind-from-east-fps" ,true);
     wind_from_down = fgGetNode("/environment/wind-from-down-fps" ,true);
 
+    slaved = fgGetNode("/sim/slaved/enabled", true);
+
     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < Propulsion->GetNumEngines(); i++) {
       SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("engines/engine", i, true);
       Propulsion->GetEngine(i)->GetThruster()->SetRPM(node->getDoubleValue("rpm") /
                      Propulsion->GetEngine(i)->GetThruster()->GetGearRatio());
     }
+
+    hook_root_struct = FGColumnVector3(
+        fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-offset-x-in", 196),
+        fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-offset-y-in", 0),
+        fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-offset-z-in", -16));
+
+    crashed = false;
 }
 
 /******************************************************************************/
@@ -240,37 +307,28 @@ FGJSBsim::~FGJSBsim(void)
 
 void FGJSBsim::init()
 {
-    double tmp;
-
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "Starting and initializing JSBsim" );
 
     // Explicitly call the superclass's
     // init method first.
 
-#ifdef FG_WEATHERCM
-    Atmosphere->UseInternal();
-#else
     if (fgGetBool("/environment/params/control-fdm-atmosphere")) {
       Atmosphere->UseExternal();
       Atmosphere->SetExTemperature(
                   9.0/5.0*(temperature->getDoubleValue()+273.15) );
       Atmosphere->SetExPressure(pressure->getDoubleValue()*70.726566);
       Atmosphere->SetExDensity(density->getDoubleValue());
-
-      tmp = turbulence_gain->getDoubleValue();
-      Atmosphere->SetTurbGain(tmp * tmp * 100.0);
-
-      tmp = turbulence_rate->getDoubleValue();
-      Atmosphere->SetTurbRate(tmp);
+      Atmosphere->SetTurbType(FGAtmosphere::ttCulp);
+      Atmosphere->SetTurbGain(turbulence_gain->getDoubleValue());
+      Atmosphere->SetTurbRate(turbulence_rate->getDoubleValue());
 
     } else {
       Atmosphere->UseInternal();
     }
-#endif
 
-    fgic->SetVnorthFpsIC( wind_from_north->getDoubleValue() );
-    fgic->SetVeastFpsIC( wind_from_east->getDoubleValue() );
-    fgic->SetVdownFpsIC( wind_from_down->getDoubleValue() );
+    fgic->SetVNorthFpsIC( -wind_from_north->getDoubleValue() );
+    fgic->SetVEastFpsIC( -wind_from_east->getDoubleValue() );
+    fgic->SetVDownFpsIC( -wind_from_down->getDoubleValue() );
 
     //Atmosphere->SetExTemperature(get_Static_temperature());
     //Atmosphere->SetExPressure(get_Static_pressure());
@@ -279,6 +337,31 @@ void FGJSBsim::init()
      << ", " << fdmex->GetAtmosphere()->GetPressure()
      << ", " << fdmex->GetAtmosphere()->GetDensity() );
 
+// deprecate egt_degf for egt-degf to have consistent naming
+// TODO: raise log-level to ALERT in summer 2010, 
+// remove alias in fall 2010, 
+// remove this code in winter 2010
+    for (unsigned int i=0; i < Propulsion->GetNumEngines(); i++) {
+      SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("engines/engine", i, true);
+      SGPropertyNode * egtn = node->getNode( "egt_degf" );
+      if( egtn != NULL ) {
+        SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_WARN,
+               "Aircraft uses deprecated node egt_degf. Please upgrade to egt-degf");
+        node->getNode("egt-degf", true)->alias( egtn );
+      }
+    }
+// end of egt_degf deprecation patch
+
+    if (fgGetBool("/sim/presets/running")) {
+          for (unsigned int i=0; i < Propulsion->GetNumEngines(); i++) {
+            SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("engines/engine", i, true);
+            node->setBoolValue("running", true);
+            Propulsion->GetEngine(i)->SetRunning(true);
+          }
+    }
+
+    FCS->SetDfPos( ofNorm, globals->get_controls()->get_flaps() );
+
     common_init();
 
     copy_to_JSBsim();
@@ -290,9 +373,9 @@ void FGJSBsim::init()
     switch(fgic->GetSpeedSet()) {
     case setned:
         SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO, "  Vn,Ve,Vd= "
-               << Propagate->GetVel(eNorth) << ", "
-               << Propagate->GetVel(eEast) << ", "
-               << Propagate->GetVel(eDown) << " ft/s");
+               << Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eNorth) << ", "
+               << Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eEast) << ", "
+               << Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eDown) << " ft/s");
     break;
     case setuvw:
         SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO, "  U,V,W= "
@@ -314,17 +397,17 @@ void FGJSBsim::init()
     stall_warning->setDoubleValue(0);
 
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  Bank Angle: "
-            << Propagate->GetEuler(ePhi)*RADTODEG << " deg" );
+            << Propagate->GetEuler(FGJSBBase::ePhi)*RADTODEG << " deg" );
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  Pitch Angle: "
-            << Propagate->GetEuler(eTht)*RADTODEG << " deg" );
+            << Propagate->GetEuler(FGJSBBase::eTht)*RADTODEG << " deg" );
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  True Heading: "
-            << Propagate->GetEuler(ePsi)*RADTODEG << " deg" );
+            << Propagate->GetEuler(FGJSBBase::ePsi)*RADTODEG << " deg" );
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  Latitude: "
             << Propagate->GetLocation().GetLatitudeDeg() << " deg" );
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  Longitude: "
             << Propagate->GetLocation().GetLongitudeDeg() << " deg" );
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  Altitude: "
-            << Propagate->Geth() << " feet" );
+            << Propagate->GetAltitudeASL() << " feet" );
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  loaded initial conditions" );
 
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "  set dt" );
@@ -341,6 +424,12 @@ void FGJSBsim::init()
 
 void FGJSBsim::update( double dt )
 {
+    if(crashed) {
+      if(!fgGetBool("/sim/crashed"))
+        fgSetBool("/sim/crashed", true);
+      return;
+    }
+
     if (is_suspended())
       return;
 
@@ -348,7 +437,50 @@ void FGJSBsim::update( double dt )
 
     int i;
 
-    // double save_alt = 0.0;
+    // Compute the radius of the aircraft. That is the radius of a ball
+    // where all gear units are in. At the moment it is at least 10ft ...
+    double acrad = 10.0;
+    int n_gears = GroundReactions->GetNumGearUnits();
+    for (i=0; i<n_gears; ++i) {
+      FGColumnVector3 bl = GroundReactions->GetGearUnit(i)->GetBodyLocation();
+      double r = bl.Magnitude();
+      if (acrad < r)
+        acrad = r;
+    }
+
+    // Compute the potential movement of this aircraft and query for the
+    // ground in this area.
+    double groundCacheRadius = acrad + 2*dt*Propagate->GetUVW().Magnitude();
+    double alt, slr, lat, lon;
+    FGColumnVector3 cart = Auxiliary->GetLocationVRP();
+    if ( needTrim && startup_trim->getBoolValue() ) {
+      alt = fgic->GetAltitudeASLFtIC();
+      slr = fgic->GetSeaLevelRadiusFtIC();
+      lat = fgic->GetLatitudeDegIC() * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS;
+      lon = fgic->GetLongitudeDegIC() * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS;
+      cart = FGLocation(lon, lat, alt+slr);
+    }
+    double cart_pos[3] = { cart(1), cart(2), cart(3) };
+    double t0 = fdmex->GetSimTime();
+    bool cache_ok = prepare_ground_cache_ft( t0, t0 + dt, cart_pos,
+                                             groundCacheRadius );
+    if (!cache_ok) {
+      SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_WARN,
+             "FGInterface is being called without scenery below the aircraft!");
+
+      alt = fgic->GetAltitudeASLFtIC();
+      SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_WARN, "altitude         = " << alt);
+
+      slr = fgic->GetSeaLevelRadiusFtIC();
+      SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_WARN, "sea level radius = " << slr);
+
+      lat = fgic->GetLatitudeDegIC() * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS;
+      SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_WARN, "latitude         = " << lat);
+
+      lon = fgic->GetLongitudeDegIC() * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS;
+      SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_WARN, "longitude        = " << lon);
+      //return;
+    }
 
     copy_to_JSBsim();
 
@@ -356,10 +488,17 @@ void FGJSBsim::update( double dt )
 
     if ( needTrim ) {
       if ( startup_trim->getBoolValue() ) {
+        double contact[3], d[3], agl;
+        get_agl_ft(fdmex->GetSimTime(), cart_pos, SG_METER_TO_FEET*2, contact,
+                   d, d, d, &agl);
+        double terrain_alt = sqrt(contact[0]*contact[0] + contact[1]*contact[1]
+             + contact[2]*contact[2]) - fgic->GetSeaLevelRadiusFtIC();
+
         SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO,
-          "Ready to trim, terrain altitude is: "
-            << cur_fdm_state->get_Runway_altitude() * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-        fgic->SetTerrainAltitudeFtIC( cur_fdm_state->get_ground_elev_ft() );
+          "Ready to trim, terrain elevation is: "
+            << terrain_alt * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+
+        fgic->SetTerrainElevationFtIC( terrain_alt );
         do_trim();
       } else {
         fdmex->RunIC();  //apply any changes made through the set_ functions
@@ -369,13 +508,16 @@ void FGJSBsim::update( double dt )
 
     for ( i=0; i < multiloop; i++ ) {
       fdmex->Run();
+      update_external_forces(fdmex->GetSimTime() + i * fdmex->GetDeltaT());      
     }
 
     FGJSBBase::Message* msg;
-    while (fdmex->ReadMessage()) {
-      msg = fdmex->ProcessMessage();
+    while (msg = fdmex->ProcessNextMessage()) {
+//      msg = fdmex->ProcessNextMessage();
       switch (msg->type) {
       case FGJSBBase::Message::eText:
+        if (msg->text == "Crash Detected: Simulation FREEZE.")
+          crashed = true;
         SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, msg->messageId << ": " << msg->text );
         break;
       case FGJSBBase::Message::eBool:
@@ -415,8 +557,6 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
     FCS->SetPitchTrimCmd( globals->get_controls()->get_elevator_trim() );
     FCS->SetDrCmd( -globals->get_controls()->get_rudder() );
     FCS->SetYawTrimCmd( -globals->get_controls()->get_rudder_trim() );
-    // FIXME: make that get_steering work
-//     FCS->SetDsCmd( globals->get_controls()->get_steering()/80.0 );
     FCS->SetDsCmd( globals->get_controls()->get_rudder() );
     FCS->SetDfCmd( globals->get_controls()->get_flaps() );
     FCS->SetDsbCmd( globals->get_controls()->get_speedbrake() );
@@ -425,8 +565,18 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
         // Parking brake sets minimum braking
         // level for mains.
     double parking_brake = globals->get_controls()->get_brake_parking();
-    FCS->SetLBrake(FMAX(globals->get_controls()->get_brake_left(), parking_brake));
-    FCS->SetRBrake(FMAX(globals->get_controls()->get_brake_right(), parking_brake));
+    double left_brake = globals->get_controls()->get_brake_left();
+    double right_brake = globals->get_controls()->get_brake_right();
+    
+    if (ab_brake_engaged->getBoolValue()) {
+      left_brake = ab_brake_left_pct->getDoubleValue();
+      right_brake = ab_brake_right_pct->getDoubleValue(); 
+    }
+    
+    FCS->SetLBrake(FMAX(left_brake, parking_brake));
+    FCS->SetRBrake(FMAX(right_brake, parking_brake));
+    
+    
     FCS->SetCBrake( 0.0 );
     // FCS->SetCBrake( globals->get_controls()->get_brake(2) );
 
@@ -437,6 +587,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
       FCS->SetThrottleCmd(i, globals->get_controls()->get_throttle(i));
       FCS->SetMixtureCmd(i, globals->get_controls()->get_mixture(i));
       FCS->SetPropAdvanceCmd(i, globals->get_controls()->get_prop_advance(i));
+      FCS->SetFeatherCmd(i, globals->get_controls()->get_feather(i));
 
       switch (Propulsion->GetEngine(i)->GetType()) {
       case FGEngine::etPiston:
@@ -450,7 +601,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
         FGTurbine* eng = (FGTurbine*)Propulsion->GetEngine(i);
         eng->SetAugmentation( globals->get_controls()->get_augmentation(i) );
         eng->SetReverse( globals->get_controls()->get_reverser(i) );
-        eng->SetInjection( globals->get_controls()->get_water_injection(i) );
+        //eng->SetInjection( globals->get_controls()->get_water_injection(i) );
         eng->SetCutoff( globals->get_controls()->get_cutoff(i) );
         eng->SetIgnition( globals->get_controls()->get_ignition(i) );
         break;
@@ -460,6 +611,19 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
         FGRocket* eng = (FGRocket*)Propulsion->GetEngine(i);
         break;
         } // end FGRocket code block
+      case FGEngine::etTurboprop:
+        { // FGTurboProp code block
+        FGTurboProp* eng = (FGTurboProp*)Propulsion->GetEngine(i);
+        eng->SetReverse( globals->get_controls()->get_reverser(i) );
+        eng->SetCutoff( globals->get_controls()->get_cutoff(i) );
+        eng->SetIgnition( globals->get_controls()->get_ignition(i) );
+
+        eng->SetGeneratorPower( globals->get_controls()->get_generator_breaker(i) );
+        eng->SetCondition( globals->get_controls()->get_condition(i) );
+        break;
+        } // end FGTurboProp code block
+      default:
+        break;
       }
 
       { // FGEngine code block
@@ -470,11 +634,8 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
       } // end FGEngine code block
     }
 
-    _set_Runway_altitude( cur_fdm_state->get_Runway_altitude() );
+
     Propagate->SetSeaLevelRadius( get_Sea_level_radius() );
-    Propagate->SetRunwayRadius( get_Runway_altitude()
-                               + get_Sea_level_radius() );
 
     Atmosphere->SetExTemperature(
                   9.0/5.0*(temperature->getDoubleValue()+273.15) );
@@ -482,14 +643,14 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
     Atmosphere->SetExDensity(density->getDoubleValue());
 
     tmp = turbulence_gain->getDoubleValue();
-    Atmosphere->SetTurbGain(tmp * tmp * 100.0);
+    //Atmosphere->SetTurbGain(tmp * tmp * 100.0);
 
     tmp = turbulence_rate->getDoubleValue();
-    Atmosphere->SetTurbRate(tmp);
+    //Atmosphere->SetTurbRate(tmp);
 
-    Atmosphere->SetWindNED( wind_from_north->getDoubleValue(),
-                            wind_from_east->getDoubleValue(),
-                            wind_from_down->getDoubleValue() );
+    Atmosphere->SetWindNED( -wind_from_north->getDoubleValue(),
+                            -wind_from_east->getDoubleValue(),
+                            -wind_from_down->getDoubleValue() );
 //    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO, "Wind NED: "
 //                  << get_V_north_airmass() << ", "
 //                  << get_V_east_airmass()  << ", "
@@ -499,10 +660,11 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_to_JSBsim()
       SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("/consumables/fuel/tank", i, true);
       FGTank * tank = Propulsion->GetTank(i);
       tank->SetContents(node->getDoubleValue("level-gal_us") * 6.6);
-//       tank->SetContents(node->getDoubleValue("level-lb"));
+//       tank->SetContents(node->getDoubleValue("level-lbs"));
     }
-    SGPropertyNode* node = fgGetNode("/systems/refuel", true);
-    Propulsion->SetRefuel(node->getDoubleValue("contact"));
+
+    Propulsion->SetFuelFreeze((fgGetNode("/sim/freeze/fuel",true))->getBoolValue());
+    fdmex->SetChild(slaved->getBoolValue());
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -541,18 +703,18 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
 
     // Velocities
 
-    _set_Velocities_Local( Propagate->GetVel(eNorth),
-                           Propagate->GetVel(eEast),
-                           Propagate->GetVel(eDown) );
+    _set_Velocities_Local( Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eNorth),
+                           Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eEast),
+                           Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eDown) );
 
     _set_Velocities_Wind_Body( Propagate->GetUVW(1),
                                Propagate->GetUVW(2),
                                Propagate->GetUVW(3) );
 
     // Make the HUD work ...
-    _set_Velocities_Ground( Propagate->GetVel(eNorth),
-                            Propagate->GetVel(eEast),
-                            -Propagate->GetVel(eDown) );
+    _set_Velocities_Ground( Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eNorth),
+                            Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eEast),
+                            -Propagate->GetVel(FGJSBBase::eDown) );
 
     _set_V_rel_wind( Auxiliary->GetVt() );
 
@@ -562,26 +724,35 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
 
     _set_V_ground_speed( Auxiliary->GetVground() );
 
-    _set_Omega_Body( Propagate->GetPQR(eP),
-                     Propagate->GetPQR(eQ),
-                     Propagate->GetPQR(eR) );
+    _set_Omega_Body( Propagate->GetPQR(FGJSBBase::eP),
+                     Propagate->GetPQR(FGJSBBase::eQ),
+                     Propagate->GetPQR(FGJSBBase::eR) );
 
-    _set_Euler_Rates( Auxiliary->GetEulerRates(ePhi),
-                      Auxiliary->GetEulerRates(eTht),
-                      Auxiliary->GetEulerRates(ePsi) );
+    _set_Euler_Rates( Auxiliary->GetEulerRates(FGJSBBase::ePhi),
+                      Auxiliary->GetEulerRates(FGJSBBase::eTht),
+                      Auxiliary->GetEulerRates(FGJSBBase::ePsi) );
 
     _set_Mach_number( Auxiliary->GetMach() );
 
     // Positions of Visual Reference Point
-    _updateGeocentricPosition( Auxiliary->GetLocationVRP().GetLatitude(),
-                               Auxiliary->GetLocationVRP().GetLongitude(),
-                               Auxiliary->GethVRP() );
+    FGLocation l = Auxiliary->GetLocationVRP();
+    _updateGeocentricPosition( l.GetLatitude(), l.GetLongitude(),
+                               l.GetRadius() - get_Sea_level_radius() );
 
     _set_Altitude_AGL( Propagate->GetDistanceAGL() );
+    {
+      double loc_cart[3] = { l(FGJSBBase::eX), l(FGJSBBase::eY), l(FGJSBBase::eZ) };
+      double contact[3], d[3], sd, t;
+      is_valid_m(&t, d, &sd);
+      get_agl_ft(t, loc_cart, SG_METER_TO_FEET*2, contact, d, d, d, &sd);
+      double rwrad
+        = FGColumnVector3( contact[0], contact[1], contact[2] ).Magnitude();
+      _set_Runway_altitude( rwrad - get_Sea_level_radius() );
+    }
 
-    _set_Euler_Angles( Propagate->GetEuler(ePhi),
-                       Propagate->GetEuler(eTht),
-                       Propagate->GetEuler(ePsi) );
+    _set_Euler_Angles( Propagate->GetEuler(FGJSBBase::ePhi),
+                       Propagate->GetEuler(FGJSBBase::eTht),
+                       Propagate->GetEuler(FGJSBBase::ePsi) );
 
     _set_Alpha( Auxiliary->Getalpha() );
     _set_Beta( Auxiliary->Getbeta() );
@@ -589,7 +760,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
 
     _set_Gamma_vert_rad( Auxiliary->GetGamma() );
 
-    _set_Earth_position_angle( Auxiliary->GetEarthPositionAngle() );
+    _set_Earth_position_angle( Inertial->GetEarthPositionAngle() );
 
     _set_Climb_Rate( Propagate->Gethdot() );
 
@@ -603,9 +774,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
     // Copy the engine values from JSBSim.
     for ( i=0; i < Propulsion->GetNumEngines(); i++ ) {
       SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("engines/engine", i, true);
-      char buf[30];
-      sprintf(buf, "engines/engine[%d]/thruster", i);
-      SGPropertyNode * tnode = fgGetNode(buf, true);
+      SGPropertyNode * tnode = node->getChild("thruster", 0, true);
       FGThruster * thruster = Propulsion->GetEngine(i)->GetThruster();
 
       switch (Propulsion->GetEngine(i)->GetType()) {
@@ -616,6 +785,10 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
         node->setDoubleValue("oil-temperature-degf", eng->getOilTemp_degF());
         node->setDoubleValue("oil-pressure-psi", eng->getOilPressure_psi());
         node->setDoubleValue("mp-osi", eng->getManifoldPressure_inHg());
+        // NOTE: mp-osi is not in ounces per square inch.
+        // This error is left for reasons of backwards compatibility with
+        // existing FlightGear sound and instrument configurations.
+        node->setDoubleValue("mp-inhg", eng->getManifoldPressure_inHg());
         node->setDoubleValue("cht-degf", eng->getCylinderHeadTemp_degF());
         node->setDoubleValue("rpm", eng->getRPM());
         } // end FGPiston code block
@@ -630,7 +803,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
         FGTurbine* eng = (FGTurbine*)Propulsion->GetEngine(i);
         node->setDoubleValue("n1", eng->GetN1());
         node->setDoubleValue("n2", eng->GetN2());
-        node->setDoubleValue("egt_degf", 32 + eng->GetEGT()*9/5);
+        node->setDoubleValue("egt-degf", 32 + eng->GetEGT()*9/5);
         node->setBoolValue("augmentation", eng->GetAugmentation());
         node->setBoolValue("water-injection", eng->GetInjection());
         node->setBoolValue("ignition", eng->GetIgnition());
@@ -646,12 +819,36 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
         globals->get_controls()->set_augmentation(i, eng->GetAugmentation() );
         } // end FGTurbine code block
         break;
+      case FGEngine::etTurboprop:
+        { // FGTurboProp code block
+        FGTurboProp* eng = (FGTurboProp*)Propulsion->GetEngine(i);
+        node->setDoubleValue("n1", eng->GetN1());
+        //node->setDoubleValue("n2", eng->GetN2());
+        node->setDoubleValue("itt_degf", 32 + eng->GetITT()*9/5);
+        node->setBoolValue("ignition", eng->GetIgnition());
+        node->setDoubleValue("nozzle-pos-norm", eng->GetNozzle());
+        node->setDoubleValue("inlet-pos-norm", eng->GetInlet());
+        node->setDoubleValue("oil-pressure-psi", eng->getOilPressure_psi());
+        node->setBoolValue("reversed", eng->GetReversed());
+        node->setBoolValue("cutoff", eng->GetCutoff());
+        node->setBoolValue("starting", eng->GetEngStarting());
+        node->setBoolValue("generator-power", eng->GetGeneratorPower());
+        node->setBoolValue("damaged", eng->GetCondition());
+        node->setBoolValue("ielu-intervent", eng->GetIeluIntervent());
+        node->setDoubleValue("oil-temperature-degf", eng->getOilTemp_degF());
+//        node->setBoolValue("onfire", eng->GetFire());
+        globals->get_controls()->set_reverser(i, eng->GetReversed() );
+        globals->get_controls()->set_cutoff(i, eng->GetCutoff() );
+        } // end FGTurboProp code block
+        break;
       case FGEngine::etElectric:
         { // FGElectric code block
         FGElectric* eng = (FGElectric*)Propulsion->GetEngine(i);
         node->setDoubleValue("rpm", eng->getRPM());
         } // end FGElectric code block
         break;
+      case FGEngine::etUnknown:
+        break;
       }
 
       { // FGEngine code block
@@ -677,6 +874,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
         tnode->setDoubleValue("rpm", thruster->GetRPM());
         tnode->setDoubleValue("pitch", prop->GetPitch());
         tnode->setDoubleValue("torque", prop->GetTorque());
+        tnode->setBoolValue("feathered", prop->GetFeather());
         } // end FGPropeller code block
         break;
       case FGThruster::ttRotor:
@@ -692,18 +890,16 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
 
     }
 
-    static const SGPropertyNode *fuel_freeze = fgGetNode("/sim/freeze/fuel");
-
     // Copy the fuel levels from JSBSim if fuel
     // freeze not enabled.
-    if ( ! fuel_freeze->getBoolValue() ) {
+    if ( ! Propulsion->GetFuelFreeze() ) {
       for (i = 0; i < Propulsion->GetNumTanks(); i++) {
         SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("/consumables/fuel/tank", i, true);
         FGTank* tank = Propulsion->GetTank(i);
         double contents = tank->GetContents();
         double temp = tank->GetTemperature_degC();
         node->setDoubleValue("level-gal_us", contents/6.6);
-        node->setDoubleValue("level-lb", contents);
+        node->setDoubleValue("level-lbs", contents);
         if (temp != -9999.0) node->setDoubleValue("temperature_degC", temp);
       }
     }
@@ -719,6 +915,14 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
     flap_pos_pct->setDoubleValue( FCS->GetDfPos(ofNorm) );
     speedbrake_pos_pct->setDoubleValue( FCS->GetDsbPos(ofNorm) );
     spoilers_pos_pct->setDoubleValue( FCS->GetDspPos(ofNorm) );
+    tailhook_pos_pct->setDoubleValue( FCS->GetTailhookPos() );
+    wing_fold_pos_pct->setDoubleValue( FCS->GetWingFoldPos() );
+
+    // force a sim crashed if crashed (altitude AGL < 0)
+    if (get_Altitude_AGL() < -100.0) {
+         fdmex->SuspendIntegration();
+         crashed = true;
+    }
 
     return true;
 }
@@ -726,17 +930,19 @@ bool FGJSBsim::copy_from_JSBsim()
 
 bool FGJSBsim::ToggleDataLogging(void)
 {
-    return fdmex->GetOutput()->Toggle();
+  // ToDo: handle this properly
+  fdmex->DisableOutput();
+  return false;
 }
 
 
 bool FGJSBsim::ToggleDataLogging(bool state)
 {
     if (state) {
-      fdmex->GetOutput()->Enable();
+      fdmex->EnableOutput();
       return true;
     } else {
-      fdmex->GetOutput()->Disable();
+      fdmex->DisableOutput();
       return false;
     }
 }
@@ -745,7 +951,7 @@ bool FGJSBsim::ToggleDataLogging(bool state)
 //Positions
 void FGJSBsim::set_Latitude(double lat)
 {
-    static const SGPropertyNode *altitude = fgGetNode("/position/altitude-ft");
+    static SGConstPropertyNode_ptr altitude = fgGetNode("/position/altitude-ft");
     double alt;
     double sea_level_radius_meters, lat_geoc;
 
@@ -766,8 +972,6 @@ void FGJSBsim::set_Latitude(double lat)
                       &sea_level_radius_meters, &lat_geoc );
     _set_Sea_level_radius( sea_level_radius_meters * SG_METER_TO_FEET  );
     fgic->SetSeaLevelRadiusFtIC( sea_level_radius_meters * SG_METER_TO_FEET  );
-    _set_Runway_altitude( cur_fdm_state->get_Runway_altitude() );
-    fgic->SetTerrainAltitudeFtIC( cur_fdm_state->get_ground_elev_ft() );
     fgic->SetLatitudeRadIC( lat_geoc );
     needTrim=true;
 }
@@ -782,14 +986,13 @@ void FGJSBsim::set_Longitude(double lon)
 
     update_ic();
     fgic->SetLongitudeRadIC( lon );
-    _set_Runway_altitude( cur_fdm_state->get_Runway_altitude() );
-    fgic->SetTerrainAltitudeFtIC( cur_fdm_state->get_ground_elev_ft() );
     needTrim=true;
 }
 
+// Sets the altitude above sea level.
 void FGJSBsim::set_Altitude(double alt)
 {
-    static const SGPropertyNode *latitude = fgGetNode("/position/latitude-deg");
+    static SGConstPropertyNode_ptr latitude = fgGetNode("/position/latitude-deg");
 
     double sea_level_radius_meters,lat_geoc;
 
@@ -804,12 +1007,10 @@ void FGJSBsim::set_Altitude(double alt)
                   &sea_level_radius_meters, &lat_geoc);
     _set_Sea_level_radius( sea_level_radius_meters * SG_METER_TO_FEET  );
     fgic->SetSeaLevelRadiusFtIC( sea_level_radius_meters * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-    _set_Runway_altitude( cur_fdm_state->get_Runway_altitude() );
-    fgic->SetTerrainAltitudeFtIC( cur_fdm_state->get_ground_elev_ft() );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO,
-          "Terrain altitude: " << cur_fdm_state->get_Runway_altitude() * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+          "Terrain elevation: " << FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude() * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
     fgic->SetLatitudeRadIC( lat_geoc );
-    fgic->SetAltitudeFtIC(alt);
+    fgic->SetAltitudeASLFtIC(alt);
     needTrim=true;
 }
 
@@ -846,9 +1047,9 @@ void FGJSBsim::set_Velocities_Local( double north, double east, double down )
     FGInterface::set_Velocities_Local(north, east, down);
 
     update_ic();
-    fgic->SetVnorthFpsIC(north);
-    fgic->SetVeastFpsIC(east);
-    fgic->SetVdownFpsIC(down);
+    fgic->SetVNorthFpsIC(north);
+    fgic->SetVEastFpsIC(east);
+    fgic->SetVDownFpsIC(down);
     needTrim=true;
 }
 
@@ -877,9 +1078,9 @@ void FGJSBsim::set_Euler_Angles( double phi, double theta, double psi )
     FGInterface::set_Euler_Angles(phi, theta, psi);
 
     update_ic();
-    fgic->SetPitchAngleRadIC(theta);
-    fgic->SetRollAngleRadIC(phi);
-    fgic->SetTrueHeadingRadIC(psi);
+    fgic->SetThetaRadIC(theta);
+    fgic->SetPhiRadIC(phi);
+    fgic->SetPsiRadIC(psi);
     needTrim=true;
 }
 
@@ -923,9 +1124,12 @@ void FGJSBsim::init_gear(void )
       node->setDoubleValue("yoffset-in", gear->GetBodyLocation()(2));
       node->setDoubleValue("zoffset-in", gear->GetBodyLocation()(3));
       node->setBoolValue("wow", gear->GetWOW());
+      node->setDoubleValue("rollspeed-ms", gear->GetWheelRollVel()*0.3043);
       node->setBoolValue("has-brake", gear->GetBrakeGroup() > 0);
-      node->setDoubleValue("position-norm", FCS->GetGearPos());
+      node->setDoubleValue("position-norm", gear->GetGearUnitPos());
       node->setDoubleValue("tire-pressure-norm", gear->GetTirePressure());
+      node->setDoubleValue("compression-norm", gear->GetCompLen());
+      node->setDoubleValue("compression-ft", gear->GetCompLen());
       if ( gear->GetSteerable() )
         node->setDoubleValue("steering-norm", gear->GetSteerNorm());
     }
@@ -939,8 +1143,11 @@ void FGJSBsim::update_gear(void)
       FGLGear *gear = gr->GetGearUnit(i);
       SGPropertyNode * node = fgGetNode("gear/gear", i, true);
       node->getChild("wow", 0, true)->setBoolValue( gear->GetWOW());
-      node->getChild("position-norm", 0, true)->setDoubleValue(FCS->GetGearPos());
+      node->getChild("rollspeed-ms", 0, true)->setDoubleValue(gear->GetWheelRollVel()*0.3043);
+      node->getChild("position-norm", 0, true)->setDoubleValue(gear->GetGearUnitPos());
       gear->SetTirePressure(node->getDoubleValue("tire-pressure-norm"));
+      node->setDoubleValue("compression-norm", gear->GetCompLen());
+      node->setDoubleValue("compression-ft", gear->GetCompLen());
       if ( gear->GetSteerable() )
         node->setDoubleValue("steering-norm", gear->GetSteerNorm());
     }
@@ -952,7 +1159,6 @@ void FGJSBsim::do_trim(void)
 
   if ( fgGetBool("/sim/presets/onground") )
   {
-    fgic->SetVcalibratedKtsIC(0.0);
     fgtrim = new FGTrim(fdmex,tGround);
   } else {
     fgtrim = new FGTrim(fdmex,tLongitudinal);
@@ -964,9 +1170,6 @@ void FGJSBsim::do_trim(void)
   } else {
     trimmed->setBoolValue(true);
   }
-  if (FGJSBBase::debug_lvl > 0)
-      State->ReportState();
-
   delete fgtrim;
 
   pitch_trim->setDoubleValue( FCS->GetPitchTrimCmd() );
@@ -990,12 +1193,214 @@ void FGJSBsim::update_ic(void)
    if ( !needTrim ) {
      fgic->SetLatitudeRadIC(get_Lat_geocentric() );
      fgic->SetLongitudeRadIC( get_Longitude() );
-     fgic->SetAltitudeFtIC( get_Altitude() );
+     fgic->SetAltitudeASLFtIC( get_Altitude() );
      fgic->SetVcalibratedKtsIC( get_V_calibrated_kts() );
-     fgic->SetPitchAngleRadIC( get_Theta() );
-     fgic->SetRollAngleRadIC( get_Phi() );
-     fgic->SetTrueHeadingRadIC( get_Psi() );
+     fgic->SetThetaRadIC( get_Theta() );
+     fgic->SetPhiRadIC( get_Phi() );
+     fgic->SetPsiRadIC( get_Psi() );
      fgic->SetClimbRateFpsIC( get_Climb_Rate() );
    }
 }
 
+bool
+FGJSBsim::get_agl_ft(double t, const double pt[3], double alt_off,
+                     double contact[3], double normal[3], double vel[3],
+                     double angularVel[3], double *agl)
+{
+   const SGMaterial* material;
+   simgear::BVHNode::Id id;
+   if (!FGInterface::get_agl_ft(t, pt, alt_off, contact, normal, vel,
+                                angularVel, material, id))
+       return false;
+   SGGeod geodPt = SGGeod::fromCart(SG_FEET_TO_METER*SGVec3d(pt));
+   SGQuatd hlToEc = SGQuatd::fromLonLat(geodPt);
+   *agl = dot(hlToEc.rotate(SGVec3d(0, 0, 1)), SGVec3d(contact) - SGVec3d(pt));
+   return true;
+}
+
+inline static double dot3(const FGColumnVector3& a, const FGColumnVector3& b)
+{
+    return a(1) * b(1) + a(2) * b(2) + a(3) * b(3);
+}
+
+inline static double sqr(double x)
+{
+    return x * x;
+}
+
+static double angle_diff(double a, double b)
+{
+    double diff = fabs(a - b);
+    if (diff > 180) diff = 360 - diff;
+    
+    return diff;
+}
+
+static void check_hook_solution(const FGColumnVector3& ground_normal_body, double E, double hook_length, double sin_fi_guess, double cos_fi_guess, double* sin_fis, double* cos_fis, double* fis, int* points)
+{
+    FGColumnVector3 tip(-hook_length * cos_fi_guess, 0, hook_length * sin_fi_guess);
+    double dist = dot3(tip, ground_normal_body);
+    if (fabs(dist + E) < 0.0001) {
+       sin_fis[*points] = sin_fi_guess;
+       cos_fis[*points] = cos_fi_guess;
+       fis[*points] = atan2(sin_fi_guess, cos_fi_guess) * SG_RADIANS_TO_DEGREES;
+       (*points)++;
+    } 
+}
+
+
+static void check_hook_solution(const FGColumnVector3& ground_normal_body, double E, double hook_length, double sin_fi_guess, double* sin_fis, double* cos_fis, double* fis, int* points)
+{
+    if (sin_fi_guess >= -1 && sin_fi_guess <= 1) {
+       double cos_fi_guess = sqrt(1 - sqr(sin_fi_guess));
+       check_hook_solution(ground_normal_body, E, hook_length, sin_fi_guess, cos_fi_guess, sin_fis, cos_fis, fis, points);
+       if (fabs(cos_fi_guess) > SG_EPSILON) {
+           check_hook_solution(ground_normal_body, E, hook_length, sin_fi_guess, -cos_fi_guess, sin_fis, cos_fis, fis, points);
+       }
+    }
+}
+
+void FGJSBsim::update_external_forces(double t_off)
+{
+    const FGMatrix33& Tb2l = Propagate->GetTb2l();
+    const FGMatrix33& Tl2b = Propagate->GetTl2b();
+    const FGLocation& Location = Propagate->GetLocation();
+    const FGMatrix33& Tec2l = Location.GetTec2l();
+        
+    double hook_area[4][3];
+    
+    FGColumnVector3 hook_root_body = MassBalance->StructuralToBody(hook_root_struct);
+    FGColumnVector3 hook_root = Location.LocalToLocation(Tb2l *   hook_root_body);
+    hook_area[1][0] = hook_root(1);
+    hook_area[1][1] = hook_root(2);
+    hook_area[1][2] = hook_root(3);
+    
+    hook_length = fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-length-ft", 6.75);
+    double fi_min = fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-pos-min-deg", -18);
+    double fi_max = fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-pos-max-deg", 30);
+    double fi = fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-pos-norm") * (fi_max - fi_min) + fi_min;
+    double cos_fi = cos(fi * SG_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS);
+    double sin_fi = sin(fi * SG_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS);
+
+    FGColumnVector3 hook_tip_body = hook_root_body;
+    hook_tip_body(1) -= hook_length * cos_fi;
+    hook_tip_body(3) += hook_length * sin_fi;    
+    
+    double contact[3];
+    double ground_normal[3];
+    double ground_vel[3];
+    double ground_angular_vel[3];
+    double root_agl_ft;
+
+    if (!got_wire) {
+        bool got = get_agl_ft(t_off, hook_area[1], 0, contact, ground_normal,
+                              ground_vel, ground_angular_vel, &root_agl_ft);
+        if (got && root_agl_ft > 0 && root_agl_ft < hook_length) {
+            FGColumnVector3 ground_normal_body = Tl2b * (Tec2l * FGColumnVector3(ground_normal[0], ground_normal[1], ground_normal[2]));
+            FGColumnVector3 contact_body = Tl2b * Location.LocationToLocal(FGColumnVector3(contact[0], contact[1], contact[2]));
+            double D = -dot3(contact_body, ground_normal_body);
+
+           // check hook tip agl against same ground plane
+           double hook_tip_agl_ft = dot3(hook_tip_body, ground_normal_body) + D;
+           if (hook_tip_agl_ft < 0) {
+
+               // hook tip: hx - l cos, hy, hz + l sin
+               // on ground:  - n0 l cos + n2 l sin + E = 0
+
+               double E = D + dot3(hook_root_body, ground_normal_body);
+
+               // substitue x = sin fi, cos fi = sqrt(1 - x * x)
+               // and rearrange to get a quadratic with coeffs:
+               double a = sqr(hook_length) * (sqr(ground_normal_body(1)) + sqr(ground_normal_body(3)));
+               double b = 2 * E * ground_normal_body(3) * hook_length;
+               double c = sqr(E) - sqr(ground_normal_body(1) * hook_length);   
+
+               double disc = sqr(b) - 4 * a * c;
+               if (disc >= 0) {
+                   double delta = sqrt(disc) / (2 * a);
+               
+                   // allow 4 solutions for safety, should never happen
+                   double sin_fis[4];
+                   double cos_fis[4];
+                   double fis[4];
+                   int points = 0;
+               
+                   double sin_fi_guess = -b / (2 * a) - delta;
+                   check_hook_solution(ground_normal_body, E, hook_length, sin_fi_guess, sin_fis, cos_fis, fis, &points);
+                   check_hook_solution(ground_normal_body, E, hook_length, sin_fi_guess + 2 * delta, sin_fis, cos_fis, fis, &points);
+               
+                   if (points == 2) {
+                       double diff1 = angle_diff(fi, fis[0]);
+                       double diff2 = angle_diff(fi, fis[1]);
+                       int point = diff1 < diff2 ? 0 : 1;
+                       fi = fis[point];
+                       sin_fi = sin_fis[point];
+                       cos_fi = cos_fis[point];
+                       hook_tip_body(1) = hook_root_body(1) - hook_length * cos_fi;
+                       hook_tip_body(3) = hook_root_body(3) + hook_length * sin_fi;
+                   }
+               }
+           }
+       }
+    } else {
+        FGColumnVector3 hook_root_vel = Propagate->GetVel() + (Tb2l * (Propagate->GetPQR() *  hook_root_body));
+        double wire_ends_ec[2][3];
+        double wire_vel_ec[2][3];
+        get_wire_ends_ft(t_off, wire_ends_ec, wire_vel_ec);
+        FGColumnVector3 wire_vel_1 = Tec2l * FGColumnVector3(wire_vel_ec[0][0], wire_vel_ec[0][1], wire_vel_ec[0][2]);
+        FGColumnVector3 wire_vel_2 = Tec2l * FGColumnVector3(wire_vel_ec[1][0], wire_vel_ec[1][1], wire_vel_ec[1][2]);
+        FGColumnVector3 rel_vel = hook_root_vel - (wire_vel_1 + wire_vel_2) / 2;
+        if (rel_vel.Magnitude() < 3) {
+            got_wire = false;
+            release_wire();
+            fgSetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/external_reactions/hook/magnitude", 0.0);
+        } else {
+            FGColumnVector3 wire_end1_body = Tl2b * Location.LocationToLocal(FGColumnVector3(wire_ends_ec[0][0], wire_ends_ec[0][1], wire_ends_ec[0][2])) - hook_root_body;
+            FGColumnVector3 wire_end2_body = Tl2b * Location.LocationToLocal(FGColumnVector3(wire_ends_ec[1][0], wire_ends_ec[1][1], wire_ends_ec[1][2])) - hook_root_body;
+            FGColumnVector3 force_plane_normal = wire_end1_body * wire_end2_body;
+            force_plane_normal.Normalize();
+            cos_fi = dot3(force_plane_normal, FGColumnVector3(0, 0, 1));
+            if (cos_fi < 0) cos_fi = -cos_fi;
+            sin_fi = sqrt(1 - sqr(cos_fi));
+            fi = atan2(sin_fi, cos_fi) * SG_RADIANS_TO_DEGREES;
+        
+            fgSetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/external_reactions/hook/x", -cos_fi);
+            fgSetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/external_reactions/hook/y", 0);
+            fgSetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/external_reactions/hook/z", sin_fi);
+            fgSetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/external_reactions/hook/magnitude", fgGetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/force"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    FGColumnVector3 hook_tip = Location.LocalToLocation(Tb2l * hook_tip_body);
+
+    hook_area[0][0] = hook_tip(1);
+    hook_area[0][1] = hook_tip(2);
+    hook_area[0][2] = hook_tip(3);
+
+    if (!got_wire) {
+        // The previous positions.
+        hook_area[2][0] = last_hook_root[0];
+        hook_area[2][1] = last_hook_root[1];
+        hook_area[2][2] = last_hook_root[2];
+        hook_area[3][0] = last_hook_tip[0];
+        hook_area[3][1] = last_hook_tip[1];
+        hook_area[3][2] = last_hook_tip[2];
+
+        // Check if we caught a wire.
+        // Returns true if we caught one.
+        if (caught_wire_ft(t_off, hook_area)) {
+                got_wire = true;
+        }
+    }
+    
+    // save actual position as old position ...
+    last_hook_tip[0] = hook_area[0][0];
+    last_hook_tip[1] = hook_area[0][1];
+    last_hook_tip[2] = hook_area[0][2];
+    last_hook_root[0] = hook_area[1][0];
+    last_hook_root[1] = hook_area[1][1];
+    last_hook_root[2] = hook_area[1][2];
+    
+    fgSetDouble("/fdm/jsbsim/systems/hook/tailhook-pos-deg", fi);
+}
+