]> git.mxchange.org Git - flightgear.git/blobdiff - src/FDM/flight.cxx
Use tiedPropertyLists instead of manually matched tie/untie calls.
[flightgear.git] / src / FDM / flight.cxx
index 08aa8fae79bcf8a882ecaaf17dffcae807979e0a..458320257ac2865386b58fcedebc1a607e5f0851 100644 (file)
 #  include "config.h"
 #endif
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-
-#include <plib/sg.h>
+#include "flight.hxx"
 
 #include <simgear/constants.h>
 #include <simgear/debug/logstream.hxx>
-#include <simgear/math/sg_geodesy.hxx>
-#include <simgear/scene/model/placement.hxx>
-#include <simgear/scene/material/mat.hxx>
+#include <simgear/math/SGMath.hxx>
 #include <simgear/timing/timestamp.hxx>
 
 #include <Scenery/scenery.hxx>
 #include <Main/fg_props.hxx>
 #include <FDM/groundcache.hxx>
 
-#include "flight.hxx"
-
-
-// base_fdm_state is the internal state that is updated in integer
-// multiples of "dt".  This leads to "jitter" with respect to the real
-// world time, so we introduce cur_fdm_state which is extrapolated by
-// the difference between sim time and real world time
-
-FGInterface *cur_fdm_state = 0;
-FGInterface base_fdm_state;
 
-inline void init_vec(FG_VECTOR_3 vec) {
-    vec[0] = 0.0; vec[1] = 0.0; vec[2] = 0.0;
+static inline void assign(double* ptr, const SGVec3d& vec)
+{
+  ptr[0] = vec[0];
+  ptr[1] = vec[1];
+  ptr[2] = vec[2];
 }
 
 // Constructor
 FGInterface::FGInterface()
-  : remainder(0)
 {
     _setup();
 }
 
 FGInterface::FGInterface( double dt )
-  : remainder(0)
 {
     _setup();
 }
@@ -73,33 +60,18 @@ FGInterface::~FGInterface() {
     // unbind();                   // FIXME: should be called explicitly
 }
 
-
 int
 FGInterface::_calc_multiloop (double dt)
 {
+  // Since some time the simulation time increments we get here are
+  // already a multiple of the basic update freqency.
+  // So, there is no need to do our own multiloop rounding with all bad
+  // roundoff problems when we already have nearly accurate values.
+  // Only the speedup thing must be still handled here
   int hz = fgGetInt("/sim/model-hz");
+  int multiloop = SGMiscd::roundToInt(dt*hz);
   int speedup = fgGetInt("/sim/speed-up");
-
-  dt += remainder;
-  remainder = 0;
-  double ml = dt * hz;
-  // Avoid roundoff problems by adding the roundoff itself.
-  // ... ok, two times the roundoff to have enough room.
-  int multiloop = int(floor(ml * (1.0 + 2.0*DBL_EPSILON)));
-  remainder = (ml - multiloop) / hz;
-
-  // If we artificially inflate ml above by a tiny amount to get the
-  // closest integer, then subtract the integer from the original
-  // slightly smaller value, we can get a negative remainder.
-  // Logically this should never happen, and we definitely don't want
-  // to carry a negative remainder over to the next iteration, so
-  // never let the remainder go below zero.
-  // 
-  // Note: this fixes a problem where we run 1, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3... loops
-  // of the FDM when in fact we want to run 2, 2, 2, 2, 2...
-  if ( remainder < 0 ) { remainder = 0; }
-
-  return (multiloop * speedup);
+  return multiloop * speedup;
 }
 
 
@@ -114,71 +86,39 @@ FGInterface::_setup ()
     inited = false;
     bound = false;
 
-    init_vec( d_pilot_rp_body_v );
-    init_vec( d_cg_rp_body_v );
-    init_vec( f_body_total_v );
-    init_vec( f_local_total_v );
-    init_vec( f_aero_v );
-    init_vec( f_engine_v );
-    init_vec( f_gear_v );
-    init_vec( m_total_rp_v );
-    init_vec( m_total_cg_v );
-    init_vec( m_aero_v );
-    init_vec( m_engine_v );
-    init_vec( m_gear_v );
-    init_vec( v_dot_local_v );
-    init_vec( v_dot_body_v );
-    init_vec( a_cg_body_v );
-    init_vec( a_pilot_body_v );
-    init_vec( n_cg_body_v );
-    init_vec( n_pilot_body_v );
-    init_vec( omega_dot_body_v );
-    init_vec( v_local_v );
-    init_vec( v_local_rel_ground_v );
-    init_vec( v_local_airmass_v );
-    init_vec( v_local_rel_airmass_v );
-    init_vec( v_local_gust_v );
-    init_vec( v_wind_body_v );
-    init_vec( omega_body_v );
-    init_vec( omega_local_v );
-    init_vec( omega_total_v );
-    init_vec( euler_rates_v );
-    init_vec( geocentric_rates_v );
-    init_vec( geocentric_position_v );
-    init_vec( geodetic_position_v );
-    init_vec( euler_angles_v );
-    init_vec( d_cg_rwy_local_v );
-    init_vec( d_cg_rwy_rwy_v );
-    init_vec( d_pilot_rwy_local_v );
-    init_vec( d_pilot_rwy_rwy_v );
-    init_vec( t_local_to_body_m[0] );
-    init_vec( t_local_to_body_m[1] );
-    init_vec( t_local_to_body_m[2] );
-
-    mass=i_xx=i_yy=i_zz=i_xz=0;
+    d_cg_rp_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    v_dot_local_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    v_dot_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    a_cg_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    a_pilot_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    n_cg_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    v_local_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    v_local_rel_ground_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    v_local_airmass_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    v_wind_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    omega_body_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    euler_rates_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    geocentric_rates_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    geodetic_position_v = SGGeod::fromRadM(0, 0, 0);
+    cartesian_position_v = SGVec3d::fromGeod(geodetic_position_v);
+    geocentric_position_v = SGGeoc::fromCart(cartesian_position_v);
+    euler_angles_v = SGVec3d::zeros();
+    
     nlf=0;
-    v_rel_wind=v_true_kts=v_rel_ground=v_inertial=0;
-    v_ground_speed=v_equiv=v_equiv_kts=0;
-    v_calibrated=v_calibrated_kts=0;
-    gravity=0;
-    centrifugal_relief=0;
-    alpha=beta=alpha_dot=beta_dot=0;
-    cos_alpha=sin_alpha=cos_beta=sin_beta=0;
-    cos_phi=sin_phi=cos_theta=sin_theta=cos_psi=sin_psi=0;
-    gamma_vert_rad=gamma_horiz_rad=0;
-    sigma=density=v_sound=mach_number=0;
-    static_pressure=total_pressure=impact_pressure=0;
+    v_rel_wind=v_true_kts=0;
+    v_ground_speed=v_equiv_kts=0;
+    v_calibrated_kts=0;
+    alpha=beta=0;
+    gamma_vert_rad=0;
+    density=mach_number=0;
+    static_pressure=total_pressure=0;
     dynamic_pressure=0;
     static_temperature=total_temperature=0;
     sea_level_radius=earth_position_angle=0;
-    runway_altitude=runway_latitude=runway_longitude=0;
-    runway_heading=0;
-    radius_to_rwy=0;
+    runway_altitude=0;
     climb_rate=0;
-    sin_lat_geocentric=cos_lat_geocentric=0;
-    sin_latitude=cos_latitude=0;
-    sin_longitude=cos_longitude=0;
     altitude_agl=0;
+    track=0;
 }
 
 void
@@ -199,8 +139,7 @@ FGInterface::common_init ()
 
     set_inited( true );
 
-//     stamp();
-//     set_remainder( 0 );
+    ground_cache.set_cache_time_offset(globals->get_sim_time_sec());
 
     // Set initial position
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "...initializing position..." );
@@ -237,13 +176,17 @@ FGInterface::common_init ()
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, " lat = "
             << fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/latitude-deg")
             << " alt = " << get_Altitude() );
-    double sea_level_radius_meters;
-    double lat_geoc;
-    sgGeodToGeoc( fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/latitude-deg")
-                    * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS,
-                  get_Altitude() * SG_FEET_TO_METER,
-                  &sea_level_radius_meters, &lat_geoc );
-    _set_Sea_level_radius( sea_level_radius_meters * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+    double slr = SGGeodesy::SGGeodToSeaLevelRadius(geodetic_position_v);
+    _set_Sea_level_radius( slr * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+
+    // Set initial Euler angles
+    SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "...initializing Euler angles..." );
+    set_Euler_Angles( fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/roll-deg")
+                        * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS,
+                      fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/pitch-deg")
+                        * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS,
+                      fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/heading-deg")
+                        * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS );
 
     // Set initial velocities
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "...initializing velocities..." );
@@ -273,14 +216,11 @@ FGInterface::common_init ()
         }
     }
 
-    // Set initial Euler angles
-    SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "...initializing Euler angles..." );
-    set_Euler_Angles( fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/roll-deg")
-                        * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS,
-                      fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/pitch-deg")
-                        * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS,
-                      fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/heading-deg")
-                        * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS );
+    if ( fgHasNode("/sim/presets/glideslope-deg") )
+        set_Gamma_vert_rad( fgGetDouble("/sim/presets/glideslope-deg")
+                              * SGD_DEGREES_TO_RADIANS );
+    else if ( fgHasNode( "/velocities/vertical-speed-fps") )
+        set_Climb_Rate( fgGetDouble("/velocities/vertical-speed-fps") );
 
     SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "End common FDM init" );
 }
@@ -300,156 +240,174 @@ FGInterface::bind ()
 {
   bound = true;
 
-                                // Time management (read-only)
-//   fgTie("/fdm/time/delta_t", this,
-//         &FGInterface::get_delta_t); // read-only
-//   fgTie("/fdm/time/elapsed", this,
-//         &FGInterface::get_elapsed); // read-only
-//   fgTie("/fdm/time/remainder", this,
-//         &FGInterface::get_remainder); // read-only
-//   fgTie("/fdm/time/multi_loop", this,
-//         &FGInterface::get_multi_loop); // read-only
-
-                       // Aircraft position
-  fgTie("/position/latitude-deg", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Latitude_deg,
-        &FGInterface::set_Latitude_deg,
-        false);
+  _tiedProperties.setRoot(globals->get_props());
+  // Aircraft position
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/latitude-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Latitude_deg,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Latitude_deg,
+                      false);
   fgSetArchivable("/position/latitude-deg");
-  fgTie("/position/longitude-deg", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Longitude_deg,
-        &FGInterface::set_Longitude_deg,
-        false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/longitude-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Longitude_deg,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Longitude_deg,
+                      false);
   fgSetArchivable("/position/longitude-deg");
-  fgTie("/position/altitude-ft", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Altitude,
-        &FGInterface::set_Altitude,
-        false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/altitude-ft", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Altitude,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Altitude,
+                      false);
   fgSetArchivable("/position/altitude-ft");
-  fgTie("/position/altitude-agl-ft", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Altitude_AGL); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/altitude-agl-ft", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Altitude_AGL, &FGInterface::set_AltitudeAGL, false);
   fgSetArchivable("/position/ground-elev-ft");
-  fgTie("/position/ground-elev-ft", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/ground-elev-ft", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude); // read-only
   fgSetArchivable("/position/ground-elev-m");
-  fgTie("/position/ground-elev-m", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude_m); // read-only
-  fgTie("/environment/ground-elevation-m", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude_m); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/ground-elev-m", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude_m); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/environment/ground-elevation-m", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Runway_altitude_m); // read-only
   fgSetArchivable("/position/sea-level-radius-ft");
-  fgTie("/position/sea-level-radius-ft", this,
-        &FGInterface::get_Sea_level_radius); // read-only
-
-                               // Orientation
-  fgTie("/orientation/roll-deg", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Phi_deg,
-       &FGInterface::set_Phi_deg);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/position/sea-level-radius-ft", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Sea_level_radius,
+                      &FGInterface::_set_Sea_level_radius, false);
+
+  // Orientation
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/roll-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Phi_deg,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Phi_deg, false);
   fgSetArchivable("/orientation/roll-deg");
-  fgTie("/orientation/pitch-deg", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Theta_deg,
-       &FGInterface::set_Theta_deg);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/pitch-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Theta_deg,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Theta_deg, false);
   fgSetArchivable("/orientation/pitch-deg");
-  fgTie("/orientation/heading-deg", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Psi_deg,
-       &FGInterface::set_Psi_deg);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/heading-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Psi_deg,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Psi_deg, false);
   fgSetArchivable("/orientation/heading-deg");
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/track-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Track); // read-only
 
   // Body-axis "euler rates" (rotation speed, but in a funny
   // representation).
-  fgTie("/orientation/roll-rate-degps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Phi_dot_degps);
-  fgTie("/orientation/pitch-rate-degps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Theta_dot_degps);
-  fgTie("/orientation/yaw-rate-degps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Psi_dot_degps);
-
-                               // Calibrated airspeed
-  fgTie("/velocities/airspeed-kt", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_V_calibrated_kts,
-       &FGInterface::set_V_calibrated_kts,
-       false);
-
-                               // Mach number
-  fgTie("/velocities/mach", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Mach_number,
-       &FGInterface::set_Mach_number,
-       false);
-
-                               // Local velocities
-//   fgTie("/velocities/speed-north-fps", this,
-//     &FGInterface::get_V_north,
-//     &FGInterface::set_V_north);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/roll-rate-degps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Phi_dot_degps,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Phi_dot_degps, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/pitch-rate-degps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Theta_dot_degps,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Theta_dot_degps, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/yaw-rate-degps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Psi_dot_degps,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Psi_dot_degps, false);
+
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/p-body", this, &FGInterface::get_P_body); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/q-body", this, &FGInterface::get_Q_body); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/r-body", this, &FGInterface::get_R_body); // read-only
+
+  // Ground speed knots
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/groundspeed-kt", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_ground_speed_kt,
+                      &FGInterface::set_V_ground_speed_kt); // read-only
+
+  // Calibrated airspeed
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/airspeed-kt", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_calibrated_kts,
+                      &FGInterface::set_V_calibrated_kts,
+                      false);
+
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/equivalent-kt", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_equiv_kts); // read-only
+
+  // Mach number
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/mach", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Mach_number,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Mach_number,
+                      false);
+
+  // Local velocities
+//   _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/speed-north-fps", this,
+//                       &FGInterface::get_V_north,
+//                       &FGInterface::set_V_north);
 //   fgSetArchivable("/velocities/speed-north-fps");
-//   fgTie("/velocities/speed-east-fps", this,
-//     &FGInterface::get_V_east,
-//     &FGInterface::set_V_east);
+//   _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/speed-east-fps", this,
+//                       &FGInterface::get_V_east,
+//                       &FGInterface::set_V_east);
 //   fgSetArchivable("/velocities/speed-east-fps");
-//   fgTie("/velocities/speed-down-fps", this,
-//     &FGInterface::get_V_down,
-//     &FGInterface::set_V_down);
+//   _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/speed-down-fps", this,
+//                       &FGInterface::get_V_down,
+//                       &FGInterface::set_V_down);
 //   fgSetArchivable("/velocities/speed-down-fps");
-                               // FIXME: Temporarily read-only, until the
-                               // incompatibilities between JSBSim and
-                               // LaRCSim are fixed (LaRCSim adds the
-                               // earth's rotation to the east velocity).
-  fgTie("/velocities/speed-north-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_V_north);
-  fgTie("/velocities/speed-east-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_V_east);
-  fgTie("/velocities/speed-down-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_V_down);
-
-                               // Relative wind
-                               // FIXME: temporarily archivable, until
-                               // the NED problem is fixed.
-  fgTie("/velocities/uBody-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_uBody,
-       &FGInterface::set_uBody,
-       false);
+
+  // FIXME: Temporarily read-only, until the
+  // incompatibilities between JSBSim and
+  // LaRCSim are fixed (LaRCSim adds the
+  // earth's rotation to the east velocity).
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/speed-north-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_north, &FGInterface::set_V_north, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/speed-east-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_east, &FGInterface::set_V_east, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/speed-down-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_down, &FGInterface::set_V_down, false);
+
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/north-relground-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_north_rel_ground); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/east-relground-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_east_rel_ground); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/down-relground-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_V_down_rel_ground); // read-only
+
+  // Relative wind
+  // FIXME: temporarily archivable, until the NED problem is fixed.
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/uBody-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_uBody,
+                      &FGInterface::set_uBody,
+                      false);
   fgSetArchivable("/velocities/uBody-fps");
-  fgTie("/velocities/vBody-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_vBody,
-       &FGInterface::set_vBody,
-       false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/vBody-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_vBody,
+                      &FGInterface::set_vBody,
+                      false);
   fgSetArchivable("/velocities/vBody-fps");
-  fgTie("/velocities/wBody-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_wBody,
-       &FGInterface::set_wBody,
-       false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/wBody-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_wBody,
+                      &FGInterface::set_wBody,
+                      false);
   fgSetArchivable("/velocities/wBody-fps");
 
-                               // Climb and slip (read-only)
-  fgTie("/velocities/vertical-speed-fps", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Climb_Rate,
-  &FGInterface::set_Climb_Rate ); 
-  fgTie("/velocities/glideslope", this,
-  &FGInterface::get_Gamma_vert_rad,
-  &FGInterface::set_Gamma_vert_rad );
-  fgTie("/orientation/side-slip-rad", this,
-       &FGInterface::get_Beta); // read-only
-  fgTie("/orientation/side-slip-deg", this,
-  &FGInterface::get_Beta_deg); // read-only
-  fgTie("/orientation/alpha-deg", this,
-  &FGInterface::get_Alpha_deg); // read-only
-  fgTie("/accelerations/nlf", this,
-  &FGInterface::get_Nlf); // read-only
-
-                                // NED accelerations
-  fgTie("/accelerations/ned/north-accel-fps_sec",
-        this, &FGInterface::get_V_dot_north);
-  fgTie("/accelerations/ned/east-accel-fps_sec",
-        this, &FGInterface::get_V_dot_east);
-  fgTie("/accelerations/ned/down-accel-fps_sec",
-        this, &FGInterface::get_V_dot_down);
-
-                                // Pilot accelerations
-  fgTie("/accelerations/pilot/x-accel-fps_sec",
-        this, &FGInterface::get_A_X_pilot);
-  fgTie("/accelerations/pilot/y-accel-fps_sec",
-        this, &FGInterface::get_A_Y_pilot);
-  fgTie("/accelerations/pilot/z-accel-fps_sec",
-        this, &FGInterface::get_A_Z_pilot);
-
+  // Climb and slip (read-only)
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/vertical-speed-fps", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Climb_Rate,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Climb_Rate, false );
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/velocities/glideslope", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Gamma_vert_rad,
+                      &FGInterface::set_Gamma_vert_rad, false );
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/side-slip-rad", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Beta, &FGInterface::_set_Beta, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/side-slip-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Beta_deg); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/orientation/alpha-deg", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Alpha_deg, &FGInterface::set_Alpha_deg, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/nlf", this,
+                      &FGInterface::get_Nlf); // read-only
+
+  // NED accelerations
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/ned/north-accel-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_V_dot_north); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/ned/east-accel-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_V_dot_east); // read-only
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/ned/down-accel-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_V_dot_down); // read-only
+
+  // Pilot accelerations
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/pilot/x-accel-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_A_X_pilot, &FGInterface::set_A_X_pilot, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/pilot/y-accel-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_A_Y_pilot, &FGInterface::set_A_Y_pilot, false);
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/pilot/z-accel-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_A_Z_pilot, &FGInterface::set_A_Z_pilot, false);
+
+  _tiedProperties.Tie("/accelerations/n-z-cg-fps_sec",
+                      this, &FGInterface::get_N_Z_cg); // read-only
 }
 
 
@@ -462,46 +420,8 @@ FGInterface::bind ()
 void
 FGInterface::unbind ()
 {
+  _tiedProperties.Untie();
   bound = false;
-
-  // fgUntie("/fdm/time/delta_t");
-  // fgUntie("/fdm/time/elapsed");
-  // fgUntie("/fdm/time/remainder");
-  // fgUntie("/fdm/time/multi_loop");
-  fgUntie("/position/latitude-deg");
-  fgUntie("/position/longitude-deg");
-  fgUntie("/position/altitude-ft");
-  fgUntie("/position/altitude-agl-ft");
-  fgUntie("/position/ground-elev-ft");
-  fgUntie("/position/ground-elev-m");
-  fgUntie("/environment/ground-elevation-m");
-  fgUntie("/position/sea-level-radius-ft");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/roll-deg");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/pitch-deg");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/heading-deg");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/roll-rate-degps");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/pitch-rate-degps");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/yaw-rate-degps");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/side-slip-rad");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/side-slip-deg");
-  fgUntie("/orientation/alpha-deg");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/airspeed-kt");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/mach");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/speed-north-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/speed-east-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/speed-down-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/uBody-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/vBody-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/wBody-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/vertical-speed-fps");
-  fgUntie("/velocities/glideslope");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/nlf");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/pilot/x-accel-fps_sec");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/pilot/y-accel-fps_sec");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/pilot/z-accel-fps_sec");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/ned/north-accel-fps_sec");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/ned/east-accel-fps_sec");
-  fgUntie("/accelerations/ned/down-accel-fps_sec");
 }
 
 /**
@@ -514,122 +434,69 @@ FGInterface::update (double dt)
 }
 
 
-void FGInterface::_updateGeodeticPosition( double lat, double lon, double alt )
+void FGInterface::_updatePositionM(const SGVec3d& cartPos)
 {
-    double lat_geoc, sl_radius;
-
-    // cout << "starting sea level rad = " << get_Sea_level_radius() << endl;
-
-    sgGeodToGeoc( lat, alt * SG_FEET_TO_METER, &sl_radius, &lat_geoc );
-
-    SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_DEBUG, "lon = " << lon 
-           << " lat_geod = " << lat
-           << " lat_geoc = " << lat_geoc
-           << " alt = " << alt 
-           << " sl_radius = " << sl_radius * SG_METER_TO_FEET
-           << " Equator = " << SG_EQUATORIAL_RADIUS_FT );
-
-    _set_Geocentric_Position( lat_geoc, lon, 
-                             sl_radius * SG_METER_TO_FEET + alt );
-       
-    _set_Geodetic_Position( lat, lon, alt );
-
-    _set_Sea_level_radius( sl_radius * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+    TrackComputer tracker( track, geodetic_position_v );
+    cartesian_position_v = cartPos;
+    geodetic_position_v = SGGeod::fromCart(cartesian_position_v);
+    geocentric_position_v = SGGeoc::fromCart(cartesian_position_v);
+    _set_Sea_level_radius( SGGeodesy::SGGeodToSeaLevelRadius(geodetic_position_v)*SG_METER_TO_FEET );
     _update_ground_elev_at_pos();
-
-    _set_sin_lat_geocentric( lat_geoc );
-    _set_cos_lat_geocentric( lat_geoc );
-
-    _set_sin_cos_longitude( lon );
-
-    _set_sin_cos_latitude( lat );
 }
 
 
-void FGInterface::_updateGeocentricPosition( double lat_geoc, double lon,
-                                            double alt )
+void FGInterface::_updatePosition(const SGGeod& geod)
 {
-    double lat_geod, tmp_alt, sl_radius1, sl_radius2, tmp_lat_geoc;
-
-    // cout << "starting sea level rad = " << get_Sea_level_radius() << endl;
+    TrackComputer tracker( track, geodetic_position_v );
+    geodetic_position_v = geod;
+    cartesian_position_v = SGVec3d::fromGeod(geodetic_position_v);
+    geocentric_position_v = SGGeoc::fromCart(cartesian_position_v);
 
-    sgGeocToGeod( lat_geoc, ( get_Sea_level_radius() + alt ) * SG_FEET_TO_METER,
-                 &lat_geod, &tmp_alt, &sl_radius1 );
-    sgGeodToGeoc( lat_geod, alt * SG_FEET_TO_METER, &sl_radius2, &tmp_lat_geoc );
+    _set_Sea_level_radius( SGGeodesy::SGGeodToSeaLevelRadius(geodetic_position_v)*SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+    _update_ground_elev_at_pos();
+}
 
-    SG_LOG( SG_FLIGHT, SG_DEBUG, "lon = " << lon 
-           << " lat_geod = " << lat_geod
-           << " lat_geoc = " << lat_geoc
-           << " alt = " << alt 
-           << " tmp_alt = " << tmp_alt * SG_METER_TO_FEET
-           << " sl_radius1 = " << sl_radius1 * SG_METER_TO_FEET
-           << " sl_radius2 = " << sl_radius2 * SG_METER_TO_FEET
-           << " Equator = " << SG_EQUATORIAL_RADIUS_FT );
 
-    _set_Geocentric_Position( lat_geoc, lon, 
-                             sl_radius2 * SG_METER_TO_FEET + alt );
-       
-    _set_Geodetic_Position( lat_geod, lon, alt );
+void FGInterface::_updatePosition(const SGGeoc& geoc)
+{
+    TrackComputer tracker( track, geodetic_position_v );
+    geocentric_position_v = geoc;
+    cartesian_position_v = SGVec3d::fromGeoc(geocentric_position_v);
+    geodetic_position_v = SGGeod::fromCart(cartesian_position_v);
 
-    _set_Sea_level_radius( sl_radius2 * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+    _set_Sea_level_radius( SGGeodesy::SGGeodToSeaLevelRadius(geodetic_position_v)*SG_METER_TO_FEET );
     _update_ground_elev_at_pos();
+}
+
 
-    _set_sin_lat_geocentric( lat_geoc );
-    _set_cos_lat_geocentric( lat_geoc );
+void FGInterface::_updateGeodeticPosition( double lat, double lon, double alt )
+{
+    _updatePosition(SGGeod::fromRadFt(lon, lat, alt));
+}
 
-    _set_sin_cos_longitude( lon );
 
-    _set_sin_cos_latitude( lat_geod );
+void FGInterface::_updateGeocentricPosition( double lat, double lon,
+                                             double alt )
+{
+    _updatePosition(SGGeoc::fromRadFt(lon, lat, get_Sea_level_radius() + alt));
 }
 
 void FGInterface::_update_ground_elev_at_pos( void ) {
-    double lat = get_Latitude();
-    double lon = get_Longitude();
-    double alt_m = get_Altitude()*SG_FEET_TO_METER;
-    double groundlevel_m = get_groundlevel_m(lat, lon, alt_m);
+    double groundlevel_m = get_groundlevel_m(geodetic_position_v);
     _set_Runway_altitude( groundlevel_m * SG_METER_TO_FEET );
 }
 
-// Extrapolate fdm based on time_offset (in usec)
-void FGInterface::extrapolate( int time_offset ) {
-    double dt = time_offset / 1000000.0;
-
-    // -dw- metrowerks complains about ambiguous access, not critical
-    // to keep this ;)
-#ifndef __MWERKS__
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT, SG_INFO, "extrapolating FDM by dt = " << dt);
-#endif
-
-    double lat = geodetic_position_v[0] + geocentric_rates_v[0] * dt;
-    double lat_geoc = geocentric_position_v[0] + geocentric_rates_v[0] * dt;
-
-    double lon = geodetic_position_v[1] + geocentric_rates_v[1] * dt;
-    double lon_geoc = geocentric_position_v[1] + geocentric_rates_v[1] * dt;
-
-    double alt = geodetic_position_v[2] + geocentric_rates_v[2] * dt;
-    double radius = geocentric_position_v[2] + geocentric_rates_v[2] * dt;
-
-    geodetic_position_v[0] = lat;
-    geocentric_position_v[0] = lat_geoc;
-
-    geodetic_position_v[1] = lon;
-    geocentric_position_v[1] = lon_geoc;
-
-    geodetic_position_v[2] = alt;
-    geocentric_position_v[2] = radius;
-}
-
 // Positions
 void FGInterface::set_Latitude(double lat) {
-    geodetic_position_v[0] = lat;
+    geodetic_position_v.setLatitudeRad(lat);
 }
 
 void FGInterface::set_Longitude(double lon) {
-    geodetic_position_v[1] = lon;
+    geodetic_position_v.setLongitudeRad(lon);
 }
 
 void FGInterface::set_Altitude(double alt) {
-    geodetic_position_v[2] = alt;
+    geodetic_position_v.setElevationFt(alt);
 }
 
 void FGInterface::set_AltitudeAGL(double altagl) {
@@ -646,16 +513,16 @@ void FGInterface::set_Mach_number(double mach) {
 }
 
 void FGInterface::set_Velocities_Local( double north, 
-                                       double east, 
-                                       double down ){
+                                        double east,
+                                        double down ){
     v_local_v[0] = north;
     v_local_v[1] = east;
     v_local_v[2] = down;
 }
 
 void FGInterface::set_Velocities_Wind_Body( double u, 
-                                           double v, 
-                                           double w){
+                                            double v,
+                                            double w){
     v_wind_body_v[0] = u;
     v_wind_body_v[1] = v;
     v_wind_body_v[2] = w;
@@ -663,11 +530,11 @@ void FGInterface::set_Velocities_Wind_Body( double u,
 
 // Euler angles 
 void FGInterface::set_Euler_Angles( double phi, 
-                                   double theta, 
-                                   double psi ) {
+                                    double theta,
+                                    double psi ) {
     euler_angles_v[0] = phi;
     euler_angles_v[1] = theta;
-    euler_angles_v[2] = psi;                                            
+    euler_angles_v[2] = psi;
 }  
 
 // Flight Path
@@ -684,131 +551,72 @@ void FGInterface::set_Static_temperature(double T) { static_temperature = T; }
 void FGInterface::set_Density(double rho) { density = rho; }
 
 void FGInterface::set_Velocities_Local_Airmass (double wnorth, 
-                                               double weast, 
-                                               double wdown ) {
+                                                double weast,
+                                                double wdown ) {
     v_local_airmass_v[0] = wnorth;
     v_local_airmass_v[1] = weast;
     v_local_airmass_v[2] = wdown;
 }
 
 
-void FGInterface::_busdump(void) {
-
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_pilot_rp_body_v[3]: " << d_pilot_rp_body_v[0] << ", " << d_pilot_rp_body_v[1] << ", " << d_pilot_rp_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_cg_rp_body_v[3]: " << d_cg_rp_body_v[0] << ", " << d_cg_rp_body_v[1] << ", " << d_cg_rp_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"f_body_total_v[3]: " << f_body_total_v[0] << ", " << f_body_total_v[1] << ", " << f_body_total_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"f_local_total_v[3]: " << f_local_total_v[0] << ", " << f_local_total_v[1] << ", " << f_local_total_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"f_aero_v[3]: " << f_aero_v[0] << ", " << f_aero_v[1] << ", " << f_aero_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"f_engine_v[3]: " << f_engine_v[0] << ", " << f_engine_v[1] << ", " << f_engine_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"f_gear_v[3]: " << f_gear_v[0] << ", " << f_gear_v[1] << ", " << f_gear_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"m_total_rp_v[3]: " << m_total_rp_v[0] << ", " << m_total_rp_v[1] << ", " << m_total_rp_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"m_total_cg_v[3]: " << m_total_cg_v[0] << ", " << m_total_cg_v[1] << ", " << m_total_cg_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"m_aero_v[3]: " << m_aero_v[0] << ", " << m_aero_v[1] << ", " << m_aero_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"m_engine_v[3]: " << m_engine_v[0] << ", " << m_engine_v[1] << ", " << m_engine_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"m_gear_v[3]: " << m_gear_v[0] << ", " << m_gear_v[1] << ", " << m_gear_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_dot_local_v[3]: " << v_dot_local_v[0] << ", " << v_dot_local_v[1] << ", " << v_dot_local_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_dot_body_v[3]: " << v_dot_body_v[0] << ", " << v_dot_body_v[1] << ", " << v_dot_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"a_cg_body_v[3]: " << a_cg_body_v[0] << ", " << a_cg_body_v[1] << ", " << a_cg_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"a_pilot_body_v[3]: " << a_pilot_body_v[0] << ", " << a_pilot_body_v[1] << ", " << a_pilot_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"n_cg_body_v[3]: " << n_cg_body_v[0] << ", " << n_cg_body_v[1] << ", " << n_cg_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"n_pilot_body_v[3]: " << n_pilot_body_v[0] << ", " << n_pilot_body_v[1] << ", " << n_pilot_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"omega_dot_body_v[3]: " << omega_dot_body_v[0] << ", " << omega_dot_body_v[1] << ", " << omega_dot_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_v[3]: " << v_local_v[0] << ", " << v_local_v[1] << ", " << v_local_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_rel_ground_v[3]: " << v_local_rel_ground_v[0] << ", " << v_local_rel_ground_v[1] << ", " << v_local_rel_ground_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_airmass_v[3]: " << v_local_airmass_v[0] << ", " << v_local_airmass_v[1] << ", " << v_local_airmass_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_rel_airmass_v[3]: " << v_local_rel_airmass_v[0] << ", " << v_local_rel_airmass_v[1] << ", " << v_local_rel_airmass_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_gust_v[3]: " << v_local_gust_v[0] << ", " << v_local_gust_v[1] << ", " << v_local_gust_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_wind_body_v[3]: " << v_wind_body_v[0] << ", " << v_wind_body_v[1] << ", " << v_wind_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"omega_body_v[3]: " << omega_body_v[0] << ", " << omega_body_v[1] << ", " << omega_body_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"omega_local_v[3]: " << omega_local_v[0] << ", " << omega_local_v[1] << ", " << omega_local_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"omega_total_v[3]: " << omega_total_v[0] << ", " << omega_total_v[1] << ", " << omega_total_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"euler_rates_v[3]: " << euler_rates_v[0] << ", " << euler_rates_v[1] << ", " << euler_rates_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"geocentric_rates_v[3]: " << geocentric_rates_v[0] << ", " << geocentric_rates_v[1] << ", " << geocentric_rates_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"geocentric_position_v[3]: " << geocentric_position_v[0] << ", " << geocentric_position_v[1] << ", " << geocentric_position_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"geodetic_position_v[3]: " << geodetic_position_v[0] << ", " << geodetic_position_v[1] << ", " << geodetic_position_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"euler_angles_v[3]: " << euler_angles_v[0] << ", " << euler_angles_v[1] << ", " << euler_angles_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_cg_rwy_local_v[3]: " << d_cg_rwy_local_v[0] << ", " << d_cg_rwy_local_v[1] << ", " << d_cg_rwy_local_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_cg_rwy_rwy_v[3]: " << d_cg_rwy_rwy_v[0] << ", " << d_cg_rwy_rwy_v[1] << ", " << d_cg_rwy_rwy_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_pilot_rwy_local_v[3]: " << d_pilot_rwy_local_v[0] << ", " << d_pilot_rwy_local_v[1] << ", " << d_pilot_rwy_local_v[2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_pilot_rwy_rwy_v[3]: " << d_pilot_rwy_rwy_v[0] << ", " << d_pilot_rwy_rwy_v[1] << ", " << d_pilot_rwy_rwy_v[2]);
-
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"t_local_to_body_m[0][3]: " << t_local_to_body_m[0][0] << ", " << t_local_to_body_m[0][1] << ", " << t_local_to_body_m[0][2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"t_local_to_body_m[1][3]: " << t_local_to_body_m[1][0] << ", " << t_local_to_body_m[1][1] << ", " << t_local_to_body_m[1][2]);
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"t_local_to_body_m[2][3]: " << t_local_to_body_m[2][0] << ", " << t_local_to_body_m[2][1] << ", " << t_local_to_body_m[2][2]);
-
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"mass: " << mass );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"i_xx: " << i_xx );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"i_yy: " << i_yy );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"i_zz: " << i_zz );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"i_xz: " << i_xz );
+void FGInterface::_busdump(void)
+{
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"d_cg_rp_body_v: " << d_cg_rp_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_dot_local_v: " << v_dot_local_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_dot_body_v: " << v_dot_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"a_cg_body_v: " << a_cg_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"a_pilot_body_v: " << a_pilot_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"n_cg_body_v: " << n_cg_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_v: " << v_local_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_rel_ground_v: " << v_local_rel_ground_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_local_airmass_v: " << v_local_airmass_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_wind_body_v: " << v_wind_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"omega_body_v: " << omega_body_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"euler_rates_v: " << euler_rates_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"geocentric_rates_v: " << geocentric_rates_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"geocentric_position_v: " << geocentric_position_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"geodetic_position_v: " << geodetic_position_v);
+    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"euler_angles_v: " << euler_angles_v);
+
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"nlf: " << nlf );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_rel_wind: " << v_rel_wind );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_true_kts: " << v_true_kts );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_rel_ground: " << v_rel_ground );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_inertial: " << v_inertial );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_ground_speed: " << v_ground_speed );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_equiv: " << v_equiv );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_equiv_kts: " << v_equiv_kts );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_calibrated: " << v_calibrated );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_calibrated_kts: " << v_calibrated_kts );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"gravity: " << gravity );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"centrifugal_relief: " << centrifugal_relief );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"alpha: " << alpha );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"beta: " << beta );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"alpha_dot: " << alpha_dot );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"beta_dot: " << beta_dot );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_alpha: " << cos_alpha );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_alpha: " << sin_alpha );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_beta: " << cos_beta );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_beta: " << sin_beta );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_phi: " << cos_phi );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_phi: " << sin_phi );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_theta: " << cos_theta );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_theta: " << sin_theta );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_psi: " << cos_psi );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_psi: " << sin_psi );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"gamma_vert_rad: " << gamma_vert_rad );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"gamma_horiz_rad: " << gamma_horiz_rad );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sigma: " << sigma );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"density: " << density );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"v_sound: " << v_sound );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"mach_number: " << mach_number );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"static_pressure: " << static_pressure );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"total_pressure: " << total_pressure );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"impact_pressure: " << impact_pressure );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"dynamic_pressure: " << dynamic_pressure );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"static_temperature: " << static_temperature );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"total_temperature: " << total_temperature );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sea_level_radius: " << sea_level_radius );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"earth_position_angle: " << earth_position_angle );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"runway_altitude: " << runway_altitude );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"runway_latitude: " << runway_latitude );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"runway_longitude: " << runway_longitude );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"runway_heading: " << runway_heading );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"radius_to_rwy: " << radius_to_rwy );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"climb_rate: " << climb_rate );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_lat_geocentric: " << sin_lat_geocentric );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_lat_geocentric: " << cos_lat_geocentric );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_longitude: " << sin_longitude );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_longitude: " << cos_longitude );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"sin_latitude: " << sin_latitude );
-    SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"cos_latitude: " << cos_latitude );
     SG_LOG(SG_FLIGHT,SG_INFO,"altitude_agl: " << altitude_agl );
 }
 
 bool
-FGInterface::prepare_ground_cache_m(double ref_time, const double pt[3],
-                                    double rad)
+FGInterface::prepare_ground_cache_m(double startSimTime, double endSimTime,
+                                    const double pt[3], double rad)
 {
-  return ground_cache.prepare_ground_cache(ref_time, SGVec3d(pt), rad);
+  return ground_cache.prepare_ground_cache(startSimTime, endSimTime,
+                                           SGVec3d(pt), rad);
 }
 
-bool FGInterface::prepare_ground_cache_ft(double ref_time, const double pt[3],
-                                          double rad)
+bool
+FGInterface::prepare_ground_cache_ft(double startSimTime, double endSimTime,
+                                     const double pt[3], double rad)
 {
   // Convert units and do the real work.
   SGVec3d pt_ft = SG_FEET_TO_METER*SGVec3d(pt);
-  return ground_cache.prepare_ground_cache(ref_time, pt_ft, rad*SG_FEET_TO_METER);
+  return ground_cache.prepare_ground_cache(startSimTime, endSimTime,
+                                           pt_ft, rad*SG_FEET_TO_METER);
 }
 
 bool
@@ -816,7 +624,7 @@ FGInterface::is_valid_m(double *ref_time, double pt[3], double *rad)
 {
   SGVec3d _pt;
   bool valid = ground_cache.is_valid(*ref_time, _pt, *rad);
-  sgdCopyVec3(pt, _pt.data());
+  assign(pt, _pt);
   return valid;
 }
 
@@ -825,7 +633,7 @@ bool FGInterface::is_valid_ft(double *ref_time, double pt[3], double *rad)
   // Convert units and do the real work.
   SGVec3d _pt;
   bool found_ground = ground_cache.is_valid(*ref_time, _pt, *rad);
-  sgdScaleVec3(pt, _pt.data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET);
+  assign(pt, SG_METER_TO_FEET*_pt);
   *rad *= SG_METER_TO_FEET;
   return found_ground;
 }
@@ -837,8 +645,8 @@ FGInterface::get_cat_m(double t, const double pt[3],
   SGVec3d _end[2], _vel[2];
   double dist = ground_cache.get_cat(t, SGVec3d(pt), _end, _vel);
   for (int k=0; k<2; ++k) {
-    sgdCopyVec3( end[k], _end[k].data() );
-    sgdCopyVec3( vel[k], _vel[k].data() );
+    assign( end[k], _end[k] );
+    assign( vel[k], _vel[k] );
   }
   return dist;
 }
@@ -852,150 +660,175 @@ FGInterface::get_cat_ft(double t, const double pt[3],
   SGVec3d _end[2], _vel[2];
   double dist = ground_cache.get_cat(t, pt_m, _end, _vel);
   for (int k=0; k<2; ++k) {
-    sgdScaleVec3( end[k], _end[k].data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-    sgdScaleVec3( vel[k], _vel[k].data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+    assign( end[k], SG_METER_TO_FEET*_end[k] );
+    assign( vel[k], SG_METER_TO_FEET*_vel[k] );
   }
   return dist*SG_METER_TO_FEET;
 }
 
-// Legacy interface just kept because of JSBSim
 bool
-FGInterface::get_agl_m(double t, const double pt[3],
-                       double contact[3], double normal[3], double vel[3],
-                       int *type, double *loadCapacity,
-                       double *frictionFactor, double *agl)
+FGInterface::get_body_m(double t, simgear::BVHNode::Id id,
+                        double bodyToWorld[16], double linearVel[3],
+                        double angularVel[3])
 {
-  const SGMaterial* material;
-  SGVec3d _contact, _normal, _vel;
-  bool ret = ground_cache.get_agl(t, SGVec3d(pt), 2.0, _contact, _normal,
-                                  _vel, type, &material, agl);
-  sgdCopyVec3(contact, _contact.data());
-  sgdCopyVec3(normal, _normal.data());
-  sgdCopyVec3(vel, _vel.data());
-  if (material) {
-    *loadCapacity = material->get_load_resistence();
-    *frictionFactor = material->get_friction_factor();
-
-  } else {
-    *loadCapacity = DBL_MAX;
-    *frictionFactor = 1.0;
-  }
+  SGMatrixd _bodyToWorld;
+  SGVec3d _linearVel, _angularVel;
+  if (!ground_cache.get_body(t, _bodyToWorld, _linearVel, _angularVel, id))
+    return false;
+
+  assign(linearVel, _linearVel);
+  assign(angularVel, _angularVel);
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
+      bodyToWorld[i] = _bodyToWorld.data()[i];
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool
+FGInterface::get_agl_m(double t, const double pt[3], double max_altoff,
+                       double contact[3], double normal[3],
+                       double linearVel[3], double angularVel[3],
+                       SGMaterial const*& material, simgear::BVHNode::Id& id)
+{
+  SGVec3d pt_m = SGVec3d(pt) - max_altoff*ground_cache.get_down();
+  SGVec3d _contact, _normal, _linearVel, _angularVel;
+  material = 0;
+  bool ret = ground_cache.get_agl(t, pt_m, _contact, _normal, _linearVel,
+                                  _angularVel, id, material);
+  // correct the linear velocity, since the line intersector delivers
+  // values for the start point and the get_agl function should
+  // traditionally deliver for the contact point
+  _linearVel += cross(_angularVel, _contact - pt_m);
+
+  assign(contact, _contact);
+  assign(normal, _normal);
+  assign(linearVel, _linearVel);
+  assign(angularVel, _angularVel);
   return ret;
 }
 
-// Legacy interface just kept because of JSBSim
 bool
-FGInterface::get_agl_ft(double t, const double pt[3],
-                        double contact[3], double normal[3], double vel[3],
-                        int *type, double *loadCapacity,
-                        double *frictionFactor, double *agl)
+FGInterface::get_agl_ft(double t, const double pt[3], double max_altoff,
+                        double contact[3], double normal[3],
+                        double linearVel[3], double angularVel[3],
+                        SGMaterial const*& material, simgear::BVHNode::Id& id)
 {
   // Convert units and do the real work.
-  SGVec3d pt_m = SG_FEET_TO_METER*SGVec3d(pt);
+  SGVec3d pt_m = SGVec3d(pt) - max_altoff*ground_cache.get_down();
+  pt_m *= SG_FEET_TO_METER;
+  SGVec3d _contact, _normal, _linearVel, _angularVel;
+  material = 0;
+  bool ret = ground_cache.get_agl(t, pt_m, _contact, _normal, _linearVel,
+                                  _angularVel, id, material);
+  // correct the linear velocity, since the line intersector delivers
+  // values for the start point and the get_agl function should
+  // traditionally deliver for the contact point
+  _linearVel += cross(_angularVel, _contact - pt_m);
 
-  const SGMaterial* material;
-  SGVec3d _contact, _normal, _vel;
-  bool ret = ground_cache.get_agl(t, pt_m, 2.0, _contact, _normal, _vel,
-                                  type, &material, agl);
   // Convert units back ...
-  sgdScaleVec3( contact, _contact.data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-  sgdScaleVec3( vel, _vel.data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-  sgdCopyVec3( normal, _normal.data() );
-  *agl *= SG_METER_TO_FEET;
-
-  // return material properties if available
-  if (material) {
-    // FIXME: convert units?? now pascal to lbf/ft^2
-    *loadCapacity = 0.020885434*material->get_load_resistence();
-    *frictionFactor = material->get_friction_factor();
-  } else {
-    *loadCapacity = DBL_MAX;
-    *frictionFactor = 1.0;
-  }
+  assign( contact, SG_METER_TO_FEET*_contact );
+  assign( normal, _normal );
+  assign( linearVel, SG_METER_TO_FEET*_linearVel );
+  assign( angularVel, _angularVel );
   return ret;
 }
 
 bool
-FGInterface::get_agl_m(double t, const double pt[3], double max_altoff,
-                       double contact[3], double normal[3], double vel[3],
-                       int *type, const SGMaterial** material, double *agl)
+FGInterface::get_nearest_m(double t, const double pt[3], double maxDist,
+                           double contact[3], double normal[3],
+                           double linearVel[3], double angularVel[3],
+                           SGMaterial const*& material,
+                           simgear::BVHNode::Id& id)
 {
-  SGVec3d _contact, _normal, _vel;
-  bool found = ground_cache.get_agl(t, SGVec3d(pt), max_altoff, _contact,
-                                    _normal, _vel, type, material, agl);
-  sgdCopyVec3(contact, _contact.data());
-  sgdCopyVec3(normal, _normal.data());
-  sgdCopyVec3(vel, _vel.data());
-  return found;
+  SGVec3d _contact, _linearVel, _angularVel;
+  if (!ground_cache.get_nearest(t, SGVec3d(pt), maxDist, _contact, _linearVel,
+                                _angularVel, id, material))
+      return false;
+
+  assign(contact, _contact);
+  assign(linearVel, _linearVel);
+  assign(angularVel, _angularVel);
+  return true;
 }
 
 bool
-FGInterface::get_agl_ft(double t, const double pt[3], double max_altoff,
-                        double contact[3], double normal[3], double vel[3],
-                        int *type, const SGMaterial** material, double *agl)
+FGInterface::get_nearest_ft(double t, const double pt[3], double maxDist,
+                            double contact[3], double normal[3],
+                            double linearVel[3], double angularVel[3],
+                            SGMaterial const*& material,
+                            simgear::BVHNode::Id& id)
 {
-  // Convert units and do the real work.
-  SGVec3d pt_m = SG_FEET_TO_METER*SGVec3d(pt);
-  SGVec3d _contact, _normal, _vel;
-  bool ret = ground_cache.get_agl(t, pt_m, SG_FEET_TO_METER * max_altoff,
-                                  _contact, _normal, _vel,
-                                  type, material, agl);
-  // Convert units back ...
-  sgdScaleVec3( contact, _contact.data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-  sgdScaleVec3( vel, _vel.data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-  sgdCopyVec3( normal, _normal.data() );
-  *agl *= SG_METER_TO_FEET;
-  return ret;
-}
+  SGVec3d _contact, _linearVel, _angularVel;
+  if (!ground_cache.get_nearest(t, SG_FEET_TO_METER*SGVec3d(pt),
+                                SG_FEET_TO_METER*maxDist, _contact, _linearVel,
+                                _angularVel, id, material))
+      return false;
 
+  assign(contact, SG_METER_TO_FEET*_contact);
+  assign(linearVel, SG_METER_TO_FEET*_linearVel);
+  assign(angularVel, _angularVel);
+  return true;
+}
 
 double
 FGInterface::get_groundlevel_m(double lat, double lon, double alt)
+{
+  return get_groundlevel_m(SGGeod::fromRadM(lon, lat, alt));
+}
+
+double
+FGInterface::get_groundlevel_m(const SGGeod& geod)
 {
   // Compute the cartesian position of the given lat/lon/alt.
-  SGVec3d pos = SGVec3d::fromGeod(SGGeod::fromRadM(lon, lat, alt));
+  SGVec3d pos = SGVec3d::fromGeod(geod);
 
   // FIXME: how to handle t - ref_time differences ???
   SGVec3d cpos;
-  double ref_time, radius;
+  double ref_time = 0, radius;
   // Prepare the ground cache for that position.
   if (!is_valid_m(&ref_time, cpos.data(), &radius)) {
-    bool ok = prepare_ground_cache_m(ref_time, pos.data(), 10);
+    double startTime = ref_time;
+    double endTime = startTime + 1;
+    bool ok = prepare_ground_cache_m(startTime, endTime, pos.data(), 10);
     /// This is most likely the case when the given altitude is
     /// too low, try with a new altitude of 10000m, that should be
     /// sufficient to find a ground level below everywhere on our planet
     if (!ok) {
-      pos = SGVec3d::fromGeod(SGGeod::fromRadM(lon, lat, 10000));
+      pos = SGVec3d::fromGeod(SGGeod::fromGeodM(geod, 10000));
       /// If there is still no ground, return sea level radius
-      if (!prepare_ground_cache_m(ref_time, pos.data(), 10))
+      if (!prepare_ground_cache_m(startTime, endTime, pos.data(), 10))
         return 0;
     }
   } else if (radius*radius <= distSqr(pos, cpos)) {
+    double startTime = ref_time;
+    double endTime = startTime + 1;
+
     /// We reuse the old radius value, but only if it is at least 10 Meters ..
     if (!(10 < radius)) // Well this strange compare is nan safe
       radius = 10;
 
-    bool ok = prepare_ground_cache_m(ref_time, pos.data(), radius);
+    bool ok = prepare_ground_cache_m(startTime, endTime, pos.data(), radius);
     /// This is most likely the case when the given altitude is
     /// too low, try with a new altitude of 10000m, that should be
     /// sufficient to find a ground level below everywhere on our planet
     if (!ok) {
-      pos = SGVec3d::fromGeod(SGGeod::fromRadM(lon, lat, 10000));
+      pos = SGVec3d::fromGeod(SGGeod::fromGeodM(geod, 10000));
       /// If there is still no ground, return sea level radius
-      if (!prepare_ground_cache_m(ref_time, pos.data(), radius))
+      if (!prepare_ground_cache_m(startTime, endTime, pos.data(), radius))
         return 0;
     }
   }
   
-  double contact[3], normal[3], vel[3], agl;
-  int type;
+  double contact[3], normal[3], vel[3], angvel[3];
+  const SGMaterial* material;
+  simgear::BVHNode::Id id;
   // Ignore the return value here, since it just tells us if
   // the returns stem from the groundcache or from the coarse
   // computations below the groundcache. The contact point is still something
   // valid, the normals and the other returns just contain some defaults.
-  get_agl_m(ref_time, pos.data(), 2.0, contact, normal, vel, &type, 0, &agl);
-  SGGeod geod = SGGeod::fromCart(SGVec3d(contact));
-  return geod.getElevationM();
+  get_agl_m(ref_time, pos.data(), 2.0, contact, normal, vel, angvel,
+            material, id);
+  return SGGeod::fromCart(SGVec3d(contact)).getElevationM();
 }
   
 bool
@@ -1003,7 +836,7 @@ FGInterface::caught_wire_m(double t, const double pt[4][3])
 {
   SGVec3d pt_m[4];
   for (int i=0; i<4; ++i)
-    sgdCopyVec3(pt_m[i].data(), pt[i]);
+    pt_m[i] = SGVec3d(pt[i]);
   
   return ground_cache.caught_wire(t, pt_m);
 }
@@ -1014,7 +847,7 @@ FGInterface::caught_wire_ft(double t, const double pt[4][3])
   // Convert units and do the real work.
   SGVec3d pt_m[4];
   for (int i=0; i<4; ++i)
-    sgdScaleVec3(pt_m[i].data(), pt[i], SG_FEET_TO_METER);
+    pt_m[i] = SG_FEET_TO_METER*SGVec3d(pt[i]);
     
   return ground_cache.caught_wire(t, pt_m);
 }
@@ -1025,8 +858,8 @@ FGInterface::get_wire_ends_m(double t, double end[2][3], double vel[2][3])
   SGVec3d _end[2], _vel[2];
   bool ret = ground_cache.get_wire_ends(t, _end, _vel);
   for (int k=0; k<2; ++k) {
-    sgdCopyVec3( end[k], _end[k].data() );
-    sgdCopyVec3( vel[k], _vel[k].data() );
+    assign( end[k], _end[k] );
+    assign( vel[k], _vel[k] );
   }
   return ret;
 }
@@ -1038,8 +871,8 @@ FGInterface::get_wire_ends_ft(double t, double end[2][3], double vel[2][3])
   SGVec3d _end[2], _vel[2];
   bool ret = ground_cache.get_wire_ends(t, _end, _vel);
   for (int k=0; k<2; ++k) {
-    sgdScaleVec3( end[k], _end[k].data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
-    sgdScaleVec3( vel[k], _vel[k].data(), SG_METER_TO_FEET );
+    assign( end[k], SG_METER_TO_FEET*_end[k] );
+    assign( vel[k], SG_METER_TO_FEET*_vel[k] );
   }
   return ret;
 }
@@ -1050,6 +883,3 @@ FGInterface::release_wire(void)
   ground_cache.release_wire();
 }
 
-void fgToggleFDMdataLogging(void) {
-  cur_fdm_state->ToggleDataLogging();
-}